一种改进的二极管钳位型多电平变换器拓扑

多电平电路在高压大功率领域的拓展受到其复杂电路拓扑的制约,因此近年来不断有新型多电平电路结构被提出。本文在传统多电平逆变器拓扑结构的基础上,提出了一种新型单相七电平电压源逆变器拓扑。新型电路拓扑是在传统的单相全桥五电平钳位二极管电路基础上,增加了两个开关器件,利用10个开关器件以及4个钳位二极管产生了7种不同的电平输出。详细分析了该逆变器的拓扑结构,给出了PWM控制策略。最后通过仿真实验验证了这种拓扑的可行性。该逆变器对传统钳位二极管逆变器在结构上做出了优化。     

一种基于开关电容的单电源升压型六电平逆变器

针对现有开关电容型多电平逆变器存在拓扑结构复杂、器件数量较多、电容电压不平衡以及电压应力较大等缺点,提出一种新型的基于开关电容的六电平逆变器。该电路拓扑由6个功率开关、1个直流电压源和3个电容组成,可以产生2.5倍升压增益的六电平输出电压。此外,由于电容由输入直流电压源直接充电至固定电压,因此电容电压能够实现自动平衡。对所提逆变器的工作原理、PWM调制策略以及电路参数等方面进行详细分析,同时还对该逆变器与现有多电平逆变器进行了对比研究。最后采用Matlab软件建立了仿真模型,仿真结果验证了所提电路的有效性和可行性。     

一种具有高性价比的五电平逆变器拓扑

为了提高五电平逆变器的性价比,在分析传统五电平逆变器拓扑的基础上,重组H桥级联结构与中点电位结构,只增加一个功率开关管构成辅助开关,跨接一个H桥与两个直流电压源,提出一种新型五电平逆变器拓扑。通过不同的开关组合,进而得到五电平输出电压。对H桥级联型五电平拓扑与新型拓扑的结构及输出性能进行了对比分析,仿真与试验结果表明:在输出相同电平的情况下,新型拓扑单元性价比高,验证了新型拓扑的正确性与有效性。     

一种新型电压型逆变器拓扑结构及其PWM控制方法

多电平逆变器具有功率容量大、输出谐波小、传输损耗低等优点而得到越来越广泛的应用.其主要缺点是电路结构复杂、需要大量的功率元件、控制方法复杂.在传统H桥级联型逆变器基础上,提出了一种新型逆变器拓扑结构.通过采用辅助双向开关,在提高输出电压电平数的同时大量减少功率开关元件的数量,简化了电路结构.并根据新型逆变器拓扑结构的特点,提出了一种阶梯波PWM控制方法,采用特定谐波消除法(SHE-PWM)对逆变器输出电压的低次谐波进行抑制,同时进行了仿真.最后建立一套九电平电压型逆变器试验系统,对拓扑结构和PWM控制方法进行了验证.     

一种新型混合级联不对称多电平逆变器

提出一种新型混合级联不对称多电平逆变器,这种多电平逆变器由多个不对称四电平逆变器级联在一起构成,输出电压由其级联单元的输出叠加而成.相对于传统的级联多电平拓扑,在得到相同输出电平的情况下,该拓扑需要较少的开关器件,因此可以简化电路结构.但是该拓扑需要特定的独立直流电源.实验室构建了一台单相混合级联不对称七电平逆变器,并采用消谐波混合不对称调制方法对其进行控制,最后通过仿真和实验进行验证.     

一种新型单相五电平逆变器的研究

文章介绍了一种单相五电平逆变器的新型拓扑结构,并对电路的运行作出了分析,同时给出了一种计算该类型逆变器开关触发角度的方法,并对新型逆变器进行仿真与实验,以验证拓扑结构的合理性和实用性.文章通过将新型逆变器的输出电压和负载电流与传统桥式逆变器的输出结果相比较,突出了新型逆变器在减少谐波方面的优点.     

新颖的高效级联型多电平逆变器

为了克服多输入源级联型多电平逆变器的输出电平数不易扩展和基于开关电容的多电平逆变器效率不高的缺陷,提出了一种新颖的高效级联型多电平逆变器,并深入研究了该逆变器的电路拓扑、控制策略、稳态原理特性和储能电容的参数设计等关键技术.该电路拓扑是由开关电容网络、"T"型逆变桥和输出滤波器级联构成;该控制策略采用带输入电压前馈的输出电压瞬时值反馈单载波SPWM控制,通过控制开关电容网络中的功率开关STi和逆变桥调制度分别实现母线电压的抬升和输出电压的稳定;分析了该逆变器的低频工作状态,并推导出了逆变器的外特性曲线.设计并研制的500 VA 115 VDC/220 V50 Hz AC级联型七电平逆变器实验样机具有功率器件开关损耗小、变换效率高、输出电平数易于扩展等优点,证实了所提出电路拓扑和控制策略的可行性与有效性.     

一种新型不对称型多电平逆变器

传统级联H桥多电平逆变器增加电平数就需增加级联H桥数量,相应地增加了更多的开关器件.为了提高多电平逆变器的电平数以及使用更少的开关器件数,提出一种不对称型多电平逆变器新拓扑结构.该拓扑结构可以用更少的开关器件生成更高的输出电压电平数,降低了电路复杂性和成本.通过Matlab/Simulink搭建15电平不对称型多电平逆变器模型验证该拓扑的正确性,仿真和实验结果证明了新型多电平逆变器能够用更少的开关器件生成更多电平数的较高质量的输出电压.     

一种单相双输入九电平逆变器及其调制策略

由于传统多电平逆变器存在电路结构复杂、功率器件多、控制复杂等缺点,提出一种单相双输入九电平逆变器,通过2个直流输入电源与电容的串并联实现九电平输出,拓扑结构简单,能够以较少的功率器件和电容数量产生更多的输出电平,谐波含量低,并且其多输入结构适用于分布式发电和微电网等领域。首先给出逆变器的电路结构和工作原理,然后设计逆变器调制策略,并分析电容充放电过程及其对电压波动的影响,实验结果验证了所提九电平逆变器及其调制策略的有效性和可行性。     

不均匀升压的七电平开关电容逆变器

新能源接入电网需要更可靠的逆变器,针对现有多电平逆变器存在拓扑结构复杂和功率器件电压应力高等问题,提出一种不均匀升压的7电平开关电容逆变器。该拓扑结构由双电容开关模块和全桥电路组成,以较少的器件数量和低电压应力实现两倍增益的7电平输出。采用最近电平逼近法和基频调制策略控制开关管的导通顺序,实现电容与电压源的串并联。拓扑结构简单、开关损耗和电压纹波小,且满足电容电压自平衡和不均匀升压功能,极大地降低了电压谐波的畸变率,提高逆变器转化效率。最后对逆变器拓扑结构的工作原理、调制策略和电路参数进行了理论分析,并通过仿真和实验验证了该拓扑结构的可行性与有效性。     

A New Cascaded Multi-level Inverter Topology with Reduced Number of Components and Charge Balance Control Methods Capabilities

In this article, a new basic unit for cascaded multi-level inverter is proposed. This inverter is able to increase the number of output voltage levels and reduces the number of power electronic devices. To generate all voltage levels at the output, five different algorithms to determine the magnitude of DC voltage sources are suggested. This inverter is compared with conventional cascaded multi-level inverters. The comparisons show that the proposed topology needs fewer DC voltage sources and power switches, less variety of the magnitude of DC voltage sources, and smaller amounts of blocked voltage by switches. As a result, the installation space and total cost of the inverter decrease. As it is impossible to use charge balance control methods for the asymmetric cascaded multi-level inverters, the developed topology based on the proposed cascaded inverter–the sub-symmetric topology with the usability of charge balance control methods–is proposed. A new algorithm is proposed to determine the magnitude of DC voltage sources. In addition, full-wave and half-wave charge balance control methods are applied in the proposed developed topology. The accurate performance of the proposed topology by applying charge balance control methods is verified through the simulation and experimental results of an 81-level sub-symmetric inverter.     

PWM Inverters Using Split-Wound Coupled Inductors

The number of output-voltage levels available in pulsewidth-modulated (PWM) voltage-source inverters can be increased by inserting a split-wound coupled inductor between the upper and lower switches in each inverter leg. Interleaved PWM control of both inverter-leg switches produces three-level PWM voltage waveforms at the center tap of the coupled inductor winding, representing the inverter-leg output terminal, with a PWM frequency twice the switching frequency. The winding leakage inductance is in series with the output terminal, with the main magnetizing inductance filtering the instantaneous PWM-cycle voltage differences between the upper and lower switches. Since PWM dead-time signal delays can be removed, higher device switching frequencies and higher fundamental output voltages are made possible. The proposed inverter topologies produce five-level PWM voltage waveforms between two inverter-leg terminals with a PWM frequency up to four times higher than the inverter switching frequency. This is achieved with half the number of switches used in alternative schemes. This paper uses simulated and experimental results to illustrate the operation of the proposed inverter structures.      

Dual AC-drive system with a reduced switch count

A dual current-regulated pulsewidth-modulated voltage-source inverter based on multiple two-phase PWM inverters, also called a B4 topology, requiring a dual AC-drive system with reduced switch count is proposed. The drive utilizes a total of only eight switches to produce two sets of three-phase or two-phase sinusoidal output currents that can be employed to feed three-phase or two-phase induction motors. A suitable control strategy of this new scheme is shown to minimize the single-phase current now through the DC-link capacitors, which is a common problem in reduced-switch-count topologies. In order to verify the performance of the motor drive system, an application on traction of an electric vehicle is carried out. Results show that the AC current through the DC link can be minimized, and when utilizing two-phase motors on the proposed dual drive, the reduced voltage gain problem, also common in B4 topologies feeding three-phase motors, can be solved     

三相光伏并网逆变器多目标优化模型预测控制

三相电压型并网逆变器广泛用于光伏发电领域。逆变控制方法用于提高并网系统效率和响应质量。模型预测控制策略使用离散时间模型预测下一个采样周期所有可能的输出值,根据评估函数选取最优电压向量。将模型预测控制用于三相电压型并网逆变器中。首先,建立三相光伏逆变器在d-q坐标系下的瞬时功率数学模型。其次,设计预测函数在线预测逆变并网参数。选择合适的目标函数控制逆变器下一采样周期的输出值。d-q坐标系下的跟踪精确迅速,所提出的控制策略计算量小,无需PWM调制,更容易实现。然后,对模型预测控制进行多目标优化。设计电流解耦控制减小系统输出有功功率,改变评估函数提高输出电流质量,修正交流侧电压参数提高预测的准确性。最后,仿真和实验结果证明提出的控制策略输出电流具有良好的动态性能和较低的谐波畸变率,可快速跟踪给定的参考值,具有无功补偿的功能。     

带有源缓冲的单级单相电流型逆变器

为了实现单级升压逆变,提出了一种带有源缓冲的单级单相电流型PWM逆变器,及其状态量限定下的输出电压反馈复合单周期控制策略,并对构成这种逆变器的电路拓扑、控制策略、关键电路参数设计、系统建模和仿真等进行了深入分析和研究,获得了重要结论。该逆变器电路拓扑主要由储能电感、有源缓冲电路、电流型单相逆变桥构成,存在三种工作模式和四种电路模态,通过三种工作模式的灵活切换达到限定储能电感电流和缓冲电容电压等状态量的目的,通过前馈储能电感电流和反馈输出电压的复合单周期控制实现输出正弦电压的稳定。1 kVA 100 V DC/220 V 50 Hz AC逆变器的原理实验结果表明,所提出逆变器能实现单级升压逆变,具有输出电压波形质量高、负载适应能力强和动态性能好的优点。     

复合型电流质量调节装置的研究

提出了一种级联型复合电流质量调节装置主电路拓扑,与传统拓扑相对比,采用了双PWM变换技术.PWM整流器为装置提供了稳定的直流电压,实现输入功率因数近似为1,同时实现了直流电压与输出电流的解耦控制.逆变侧采用谐波与无功统一补偿的控制策略,并采用输出电流直接PI闭环反馈控制,保证良好的电流跟踪效果.最后设计了一套基于DSP+FPGA控制的低压实验原理样机,验证了所提出的主电路拓扑及控制策略的可行性和有效性.     

基于电容箝位五电平H桥的逆变器应用

为研究基于电容箝位五电平H桥逆变器的应用,以电容箝位5电平H桥构成三相逆变器,结合电容箝位3电平和常规H桥电路的优点,并采用消谐波PWM和载波相移PWM相结合的调制策略,对所采用的逆变器拓扑及其控制策略的有效性进行了仿真和实验验证。结果表明:所采用的逆变器拓扑可以方便地得到5电平输出,提高了输出电压和功率等级;所采用的控制策略能够有效提高等效载波频率,降低滤波器的体积和容量;两种调制方法的结合可发挥各自的优势,使控制灵活、实现简单。     

A modified cascade transformer-based multilevel inverter and its efficient switching function

A modified multilevel PWM inverter is proposed to increase the number of output voltage levels and to improve the system characteristic of a prior 11-level shaped PWM inverter scheme. In appearance, it consists of three full-bridge modules and a cascade transformer; therefore, the configuration of the proposed multilevel PWM inverter is equal to that of the prior one. Only the turn-ratio of one transformer and its corresponding switching function are different from each other. Based on the difference, the proposed multilevel PWM inverter has two promising advantages. First, output voltage levels increase almost two-fold. Consequently, it can generate more sinusoidal output voltage waves. Second, due to a suitable switching pattern, it lightens power imposed on the transformer, which is used for compensating output voltages with chopped pulses between step levels. Operational principle of the proposed 19-level shaped PWM inverter is analysed with comparisons of the prior 11-level shaped PWM inverter. The validity of the proposed inverter system is verified by computer-aided simulations and experimental results based on a 1 kW prototype.     

基于双环控制的单相电压型PWM逆变器建模与仿真

本文研究了基于双环控制的单相电压型PWM逆变器在Matlab/Simulink下的建模与仿真。基于状态空间平均法建立了单相电压型PWM逆变器的数学模型,提出了电压电流双环控制策略,构建了10kVA单相电压型PWM逆变器的Simulink模型,并进行了特性仿真。仿真结果表明,在不同运行条件下,基于该控制策略的逆变器动态响应快,鲁棒性强,输出电压总谐波畸变率低。