半导体生产线群体智能调度模型研究

模仿蚁群生态系统，提出了半导体生产线群体智能调度模型。该调度模型由集中优化控制MAS(C-MAS)与分布式动态控制人工蚁群MAS(D-MAS)构成，实现了优化控制与动态调度的优势互补。其中，C-MAS主要由仿真Agent与调度Agent构成；D-MAS由一个蚁后Agent和代表半导体生产线物理实体的多个工件蚂蚁Agent与多个资源蚂蚁Agent构成，蚂蚁Agent通过基于信息素的间接交互实现半导体生产线的动态调度，蚁后Agent用于实现C-MAS与D-MAS的紧密协作，从而获得半导体生产线优化的动态智能调度。给出了基于群体智能调度模型的智能动态调度算法，对群体智能调度模型进行了定性评价。     

半导体生产线控制与调度研究

研究半导体生产线的控制与调度对微电子企业的生产具有重大价值。总结了国内外半导体生产线控制与调度问题的研究现状，分析并比较了各种调度策略，论述了对调度问题赖以存在的模型基础，指出了存在的问题，并探讨了可能的研究方向。     

ExtendSim仿真在半导体生产线动态调度研究中的应用

根据半导体封装生产线的实际情况和特点,在现有的动态调度方法研究的基础上,针对不同类型的加工机器和生产需求等情况进行分析,对半导体封装生产线的动态调度方法进行研究,并结合离散系统仿真技术和系统仿真平台ExtendSim建立仿真模型,通过仿真结果得出生产线的主要生产性能参数。通过比较分析从而得出综合调度策略,改善和提高了半导体封装生产线的生产性能。应用实践表明,提出的仿真方法对于研究半导体封装生产线的调度问题是可行并且有效的。     

基于多智能体的连铸-热轧一体化生产调度模型

连铸.热轧生产制造流程是钢铁生产的一个重要环节,该过程的生产计划与调度问题是影响钢铁工业生产效率和经济效益的重要因素.本文针对连铸.热轧过程的生产调度问题,建立了整个连铸.热轧一体化生产调度过程多智能体系统模型,该模型由6个智能体组成.讨论了多智能体模型各智能体的机能、任务以及各智能体之间的协同工作问题.最后,利用实际生产数据进行了仿真实验,表明所提出的模型能够有效提高连铸-热轧一体化生产调度的热装比,减少能源消耗.     

基于Agent的芯片制造生产线动态调度方法研究

基于智能体技术,提出了芯片制造生产线动态调度新方法,实现了投料调度、工件调度与设备维护调度的集成。首先,给出了基于智能体的动态调度模型,该模型中包括管理智能体、投料智能体、工件智能体、设备智能体、运输智能体与人员智能体。投料智能体用于实现投料控制,工件调度通过工件智能体与设备智能体之间的协商实现,设备维护调度由设备智能体实现。通过智能体间的合作,能够实现投料控制、工件调度与设备维护调度的协同进行。然后给出了工件智能体与设备智能体问协商使用的协商协议（即带有时间约束的单步协商协议）,以及智能体决策中使用的调度算法（包括投料调度算法,工件调度算法与设备维护调度算法）。最后,通过实例,给出了方法的使用过程,并进行了模拟仿真。仿真结果表明,集成的调度方法能更好地优化模型的生产率、加工周期与设备利用率,最终提高准时交货率。     

基于双深度Q学习网络的面向设备负荷稳定的智能车间调度方法

在车间管理中，设备负荷是一个关键性能指标，负荷稳定直接影响了生产效率与生产成本，但目前鲜有研究关注如何实现设备负荷稳定的问题。为此，提出一种面向设备负荷稳定的智能车间调度方法。该方法通过一个含有深度神经网络调度模型的调度智能体，分析车间生产状态与设备负荷间的相关性，及时输出满足期望目标的调度方案。针对深度神经网络调度模型，设计了一个基于双深度Q学习网络(DDQN)的深度神经网络调度模型训练器，其利用奖惩学习免监督地形成调度样本，借此对深度神经网络调度模型进行网络参数更新，实现模型自学习。所提方法在MiniFab半导体生产车间模型中进行了验证，证明了所提调度方法能实现对智能车间设备负荷的控制，从而保证车间整体设备负荷的稳定性。     

半导体生产线全局修正式重调度方法研究

基于群体智能思想,提出了全局修正式半导体生产线重调度方法。首先,给出了基于群体智能思想的重调度模型;然后,在此模型基础上,给出了全局修正式重调度算法;最后,基于实际生产线的仿真模型对全局修正式重调度算法与企业原有算法进行了对比分析。仿真结果表明,在不确定的半导体生产线环境下,在适当的时候使用全局修正式重调度算法生成重调度方案,能够更好地优化模型的在制品移动次数、在制品移动速率与工件操作准时交货率等短期性能指标。目前,该方法已在某实际半导体生产线中应用并取得了良好的效果。     

基于Q学习的智能车间自适应调度方法

为降低智能车间中动态不确定因素对生产性能的影响，提出一种基于Q学习的智能车间自适应调度方法。该方法设计基于强化学习的智能车间自适应调度框架，采用Q学习算法，通过智能体—环境交互试错机制，自主训练调度模型，并根据生产车间环境变化动态更新调度模型，以支持能够指导车间运行的最优决策轨迹的生成。所提方法在MiniFab半导体生产线模型上进行了验证，结果证明该方法能够有效应对智能车间生产环境变化，在生产全过程中能对调度决策进行实时调整，优化车间综合性能指标，同时显著降低时间与人力成本。     

基于组合拍卖的半导体生产线短期调度技术研究

针对缺乏半导体生产线调度与控制分布协同机制的研究现状,建立了半导体生产线短期全局调度多代理模型,提出了基于组合拍卖的多目标短期调度协同机制,以上海某半导体制造企业152 mm晶圆生产线为实例,验证了多代理模型和协同机制的有效性。     

半导体生产线动态调度方法研究

为了满足半导体生产线多目标优化要求,提出了多目标优化动态调度规则。它由正常状态调度规则、瓶颈设备较低在制品水平的调度规则、非瓶颈设备较高在制品水平的调度规则、多批加工设备调度规则以及紧急工件调度规则五种类型的调度规则组成。使用具有半导体生产线本质特征的简化模型,将多目标优化动态调度规则与先入先出法、最早交货期法、临界值法进行了比较,结果表明,多目标优化动态调度规则能够改善半导体生产线的整体性能,更好地优化模型的生产率、加工周期与在制品水平,最终提高准时交货率。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.