柱撑酸化膨润土对染料废水的处理实验研究

将钙基膨润土酸性活化，用其处理染料废水，其一次性COD去除率可达62％，色度去除率可达83％。若再对其进行无机柱撑，COD的去除率可达81％以上，色度去除率可达98％以上。其处理后的染料废水达到国家工业废水排放标准。     

TiO_2/ACFs光催化处理染料废水的试验研究

采用负载型TiO_2/ACFs光催化剂在紫外光照射下,处理活性艳红X-3B染料废水,通过试验考察光催化剂对染料废水的处理效果,并对影响负载型TiO_2/ACFs处理染料废水效果的各单因素进行分析和讨论,探讨了染料废水pH值、光照时间、催化剂投加量等因素对染料废水色度和COD去除率的影响。试验结果表明,在pH值为3,催化剂投加量为10 g/L,滴加3%的H_2O_2 1.0 mL,曝气量0.6 m3/h,反应时间为2 h的条件下,活性艳红X-3B染料废水色度去除率可达90%,COD去除率达71%。     

白腐真菌生物接触氧化法处理染料废水试验研究

采用白腐真菌生物接触氧化法处理偶氮染料活性嫩黄K-6G模拟染料废水,考察其对染料废水的脱色效果和COD的降解情况。试验结果表明:该法对染料废水色度去除效果较好,在进水色度为2000倍左右时,去除率达98%;对经Fenton预处理后的染料废水,在进水COD的质量浓度为132~305mg/L时,其COD平均去除率为62%。由此可见,白腐真菌技术与生物膜反应器相结合,能有效地去除难降解偶氮染料废水的色度,并对COD有一定的降解效果。     

新型有机膨润土用于印染废水处理的实验研究

采用二乙烯三胺、环氧氯丙烷合成了一种阳离子型铵盐,用其与十六烷基三甲基溴化铵对钠基膨润土进行复合插层改性,制备得到一种新型有机膨润土;以模拟染料废水和实际印染废水为处理对象,使用改性膨润土进行了吸附脱色实验,吸附完成后加入聚合氯化铝混凝。实验结果表明,与单独投加聚合氯化铝相比,采用改性膨润土吸附后再混凝的方法处理废水,可显著提高脱色率和COD去除率;处理活性艳红X-3B、酸性大红GR与活性艳蓝X-BR三种模拟染料废水时,脱色率分别可达99.4%、84.8%和96.1%;以中试规模处理实际印染废水调节池原水时,COD和色度去除率分别可达51.6%和85.9%;处理实际印染废水好氧生化出水,COD可由121.3mg/L降至65.4mg/L,色度由32倍降至8倍以下。     

CeO_2/Ti电极催化双氧水氧化耦合处理染料废水研究

该方法针对染料工厂的废水处理,以蒽醌为模型染料,采用CeO2/Ti电极对染料废水进行先催化双氧水氧化来提高其氧化耦合能力,再利用氢氧化铁絮凝剂进行吸附处理。处理后废水中COD去除率达95%以上,色度可降到5倍以内。     

Fenton试剂对染料废水的降解脱色作用研究

为了进一步探讨Fenton法对某些难降解有机物的降解效果,研究影响降解的诸多因素,以甲基橙模拟染料废水为研究对象,以色度和COD去除率为检测指标,研究了Fenton反应中pH值、H2O2浓度、Fe2+离子浓度、反应时间、温度对甲基橙模拟染料废水脱色率及COD去除率的影响规律.结果表明:Fenten试剂可有效地去除甲基橙模拟染料废水中的色度和COD.染料浓度为200mg/L时,在pH=4、20℃、H2O2=(浓度为30%)投量为0.6mL/L、硫酸亚铁投量为200mg/L时,反应60min,甲基橙模拟染料废水的色度去除率可以达到99.66%,COD的去除率可达88%.     

新型复合混凝剂在染料废水处理中的应用

染料废水由于色度高、水质变化大、生化性差等特点,是当前工业废水处理的难点和焦点之一,混凝法是处理染料废水的主要方法之一。本实验采用矿渣、盐酸和硫酸铁、氧化铝研制了一种新型复合混凝剂,以此来处理直接耐晒大红染料废水。采用单因素法分别通过改变废水pH值,混凝的时间以及混凝剂的投加量来观察混凝剂对废水的处理效果。实验结果表明,随着pH值、混凝剂投加量和反应时间的增加,COD及色度都呈现先降低后趋于稳定的变化趋势：当pH值=11时,色度去除率达最大值84.0%,COD去除率达76.1%;当投加量为0.7g时,色度去除率达最大为88.1%,COD去除率为73.2%;当混凝时间为3min时,色度去除率最大为89.3%,COD去除率达76.2%。综上,此混凝剂的最佳反应条件为投加量0.7g,pH值11,混凝时间3min。该新型复合混凝剂处理染料废水效果好,产生的絮体大,沉降速度快,出水清澈透明。     

新型氧化-混凝剂处理染料废水研究

根据染料废水的特点，研究了自制产品新型氧化0混凝土剂处理染料废水的情况，探讨了药剂用量、pH值等因素对COD、色度去除率的影响。试验表明，当pH大于10，“染清”氧化－混凝剂的质量分数为0.03%，絮凝时间6min，静置沉淀35min时，该药剂对染料废水具有良好的处理效果，COD和色度的去除率最高分别可达97％和86％，从而证明该方法对于染料废水的处理是可行的。该处理工艺设备简单，系统运行稳定，操作方便，成本低。     

炉灰处理染料废水降低COD及脱色的研究

以炉灰对染料废水进行降低COD及脱色处理的研究.结果表明,炉灰是染料废水良好的吸附剂及脱色剂,在pH=7.5时COD的去除率达到43%,在pH=13.5时炉灰对废水的色度去除率很大.     

一种新型混凝剂NS-128在印染废水中的应用研究

采用新研制的混凝剂NS-128对染料溶液、工业染料废水、实际印染废水进行了COD去除率和脱色试验,探讨了投药量、温度、pH值等条件的影响。结果表明:NS-128对以上三类废水均有显著的COD去除和脱色效果,其中对印染废水的COD去除率和脱色率分别高达89.35%和94.36%,COD最低可降至30 mg/L,处理后出水的COD和色度均满足污水排放的一级标准。     

基于径向基函数神经网络的乙苯催化脱氢转化率的软测量应用

针对乙苯催化脱氢过程的特点,选用历史生产数据即乙苯进料、一反温度、二反温度、二反出口压力、水比、脱氢选择性,利用改进的径向基函数神经网络（RBFNN）来构建乙苯催化脱氢过程模型,通过企业实际生产数据对该网络进行测试,其结果表明该模型可真实模拟实际乙苯脱氢生产过程,为后续乙苯催化脱氢系统实施先进控制优化技术奠定了基础.     

Relation of Composition of Hydrogarnet to Resistance to Sulfate Attack

Crystallographic changes resulting from the entry of Si into the cubic lattice of tricalcium aluminate hexahydrate were examined in an effort to understand the sulfate resistance of hydrogarnets. Low-SiO₂ hydrogarnets were prepared by hydrothermal treatment of specially prepared glasses. The lattice constants of the unit cell of C₃AH₆ decreased when Si⁴⁺ ions were introduced. In investigating the low-Si members of the C₃AH₆-grossularite series, only those with well-defined Si contents of 1, 3, and 6 Si⁴⁺ ions/unit cell were found; the lattice constants were 12.52, 12.47, and 12.41 Å, respectively. Intermediate lattice constants represent mixtures of at least two members. A content of 0.125 SiO₂/formula unit, corresponding to 1 Si⁴⁺ ion in the unit cell of C₃AH₆, is not sufficient to produce resistance to sulfate attack; the lowest SiO₂ content which results in such resistance appears to be 0.375 SiO₂/formula unit or 3 Si atoms/unit cell.     

Carbohydrate-mediated targeting of antigen to dendritic cells leads to enhanced presentation of antigen to T cells

The unique therapeutic value of dendritic cells (DCs) for the treatment of allergy, autoimmunity and transplant rejection is predicated upon our ability to selectively deliver antigens, drugs or nucleic acids to DCs in vivo. Here we describe a method for delivering whole protein antigens to DCs based on carbohydrate-mediated targeting of DC-expressed lectins. A series of synthetic carbohydrates was chemically-coupled to a model antigen, ovalbumin (OVA), and each conjugate was evaluated for its ability to increase the efficiency of antigen presentation by murine DCs to OVA-specific T cells (CD4(+) and CD8(+)). In vitro data are presented that demonstrate that carbohydrate modification of OVA leads to a 50-fold enhancement of presentation of antigenic peptide to CD4(+) T cells. A tenfold enhancement is observed for CD8(+) T cells; this indicates that the targeted lectin(s) can mediate cross-presentation of antigens on MHC class I. Our data indicate that the observed enhancements in antigen presentation are unique to OVA that is conjugated to complex oligosaccharides, such as a high-mannose nonasaccharide, but not to monosaccharides. Taken together, our data suggest that a DC targeting strategy that is based upon carbohydrate-lectin interactions is a promising approach for enhancing antigen presentation via class I and class II molecules.     

日本橡胶工业一瞥——随中国橡胶工业协会考察团访日见闻

<正>2009年11月下旬,笔者随中国橡胶工业协会考察团赴日本进行了为期8天的考察活动。考察团先后走访了清水建设株式会社、横滨橡胶株式会社、电气化学工业株式会社、东洋轮胎厂、东海橡胶工业株式会社、TRI大分AE公司、TRI九州公司等日本著名的橡胶企业,参观了丰田汽车展览馆。     

如何加强母公司对子公司的管理

从母子公司管理中易存在的问题入手,提出从法律层面正确理解母子公司的相互关系．并就母子公司合理的管理模式进行探讨。     

注重安全确保企业发展

介绍了提高企业管理人员和职工的安全生产法制观念，积极探索与研究企业在市场经济条件下的安全生产工作的途径和方法。通过增强安全生产意识发挥企业安全文化的作用，采取切实有效措施来保证良好的安全环境。     

电池企业走向非洲之梦

针对我国电池企业当前面临的困境,初步探讨企业走向非洲的可行性,并在理论与实践两方面提出了佐证,同时对企业在境外投资可能遭遇的风险提出警示。     

重视实验细节探究实践艺术

化学实验是化学科学不断发展和完善的基础,是高等理工科院校培养学生实践能力和创新精神的重要环节。从实验前的态度与计划,实验时的操作、观察与记录诸环节中细节的强调,论述重视实验细节对于培养学生实验功力的重要性;从数据处理、结果讨论、得出结论诸环节所涉及的技能训练,论述实验对于理论发展和学生综合素质提高的意义;从实践本身是一门艺术和创造的角度,探讨实践环节是培养新型人才的关键。     

高职《医药市场营销》课程项目化教学项目设计探析

文章对医药市场营销学课程项目化教学改革项目设计进行了探析,通过教师理论知识整合,调研咨询和行业专家职业技能分析共同参与完成一套项目的设计,为本课程项目化教学提供参考。     

Modeling of a novel membrane reactor to integrate dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene with hydrogenation of nitrobenzene to aniline

The catalytic dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene is coupled with the catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene to aniline in a simulated integrated reactor formed of two fixed beds separated by a hydrogen-selective membrane, where both hydrogen and heat are transferred across the surface of membrane tubes. A pseudo-homogeneous model of the two fixed beds predicts the performance of this novel configuration first proposed by Moustafa and Elnashaie [Simultaneous production of styrene and cyclohexane in an integrated membrane reactor. Journal of Membrane Science 178 (1), 171-184]. Both co-current and counter-current operating modes are investigated and the simulation results are compared with corresponding predictions for an industrial adiabatic fixed bed reactor operated at the same feed conditions. The conversion of ethylbenzene and the yield of styrene in the membrane reactor are predicted to exceed by a wide margin those in the industrial adiabatic fixed bed reactor. Aniline is also produced as an additional valuable product in a favorable manner, and autothermality is achieved within the reactor. The results suggest that coupling of these reactions could be feasible and beneficial. Experimental proof-of-concept is needed to establish the validity and safe operation of the novel reactor.