Thermodynamics of Modifying Effect of Rare Earth Oxide on Inclusions in Hardfacing Metal of Medium—High Carbon Steel

The modifying effect of rare earth(RE)oxide on inclusions in hardfacing metals of medium-high carbon steel was investigated by means of thermodynamics,The thermodynamic analsys for inclusion formation shows that RE oxide can be reduced to RE element by carbon,then the RE element can react with oxygen and sulfur to form the RE oxide,RE sulfide and RE oxide-sulfide in hardfacing molten pool.The deoxidization and the desulphurization can be carried otu and the liquid metal can be purified.In addition,RE oxide can also react with sulfur to form RE oxide-sulfide dirdctly.Therefore,the harmful effect of sulfur can be decreased.     

Using Assessment in Everyday Practice for the Benefit of Families and Practitioners.

How can assessments be more clinically useful and have more impact on a youth's long-term outcome? Assessments can outline a treatment approach in which target problems are linked to goals, client and family strengths, and specific treatment steps. This can be done in a comprehensive way, such that the youth's real-life functioning can be assessed across various domains. The initial assessment can serve as the baseline evaluation, with an expectation set for ongoing, periodic monitoring Parents can be encouraged to be actively involved in setting goals and in assessing their child's progress toward those goals. Outcome data can be aggregated across clients to generate practice-focused studies. These data can also be used to provide supportive evidence on behalf of local clinical programs. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

合金元素对钢亚包晶转变与连铸纵裂倾向的影响

 亚包晶钢连铸过程中常出现表面纵裂质量问题,与其在结晶器内较大高温相变收缩引起的初生坯壳不均匀生长密切相关,其纵裂纹敏感性可由包晶特征点计算出的包晶转变率判定。利用Factsage热力学计算软件研究钢种常见合金元素对Fe-C二元平衡相图中包晶特征点的影响,回归得到包晶特征点的预测公式。基于预测公式,可准确判断一定成分钢种的亚包晶范围,从而指导实际连铸生产中保护渣的选择。研究表明,通过合理的成分微调可有效降低包晶转变率,降低亚包晶钢高温相变收缩程度,甚至改变凝固模式变为过包晶模式,从而大大降低连铸坯纵裂纹敏感性。     

School-based adolescent pregnancy classes

School-based adolescent pregnancy classes provide the childbirth educator with a unique opportunity to be visible to students. Attitudes about sexuality and pregnancy can be changed within the mainstream population by the presence of prepared childbirth classes at schools. The problems of absenteeism and denial of pregnancy that result in late reporting to health care providers can be minimized. The expectant teen-ager can be encouraged to attend school and given self-confidence in assuming the role of a parent after birth. Support can be engendered from faculty, students, and the teen-ager's support person.     

The role of positron emission tomography in pharmacokinetic analysis

The physiological and biochemical measurements that can be performed noninvasively in humans with modern imaging techniques offer great promise for defining the precise state of a patient's disease and its response to therapy. In general, there are two critical points in drug development when PET measurements are likely to be particularly useful: (1) In preclinical studies, a new drug can be precisely compared to standard therapies or a series of analogs can be screened for further development on the basis of performance in appropriate animal models. (2) In phase I-II human studies, classic pharmacokinetic measurements can be coupled with imaging measurements (a) to define optimal dosing schedule; (b) to define the potential utility of interventions in particular clinical situations; and (c) to formulate the design of phase III studies that are crucial for drug licensure. In general, the types of measurements that are possible can be grouped into the following categories: 1. In those situations in which the drug can be radiolabeled, the time course of tissue delivery can be determined noninvasively in vivo in health and disease. Such information should be useful for determining dosing schedules, establishing efficacy, and predicting possible toxicity. 2. Ligand-receptor binding can be assessed in vivo in two ways. The ability of the drug to displace standard radiolabeled ligands from their receptors can be determined; alternatively, labeled drug can be used to more directly assess the distribution and time course of binding. These measurements are particularly useful for studying drugs that are active in the central nervous and cardiovascular systems. 3. Measurements of tissue metabolism will be useful in determining the effects of therapies aimed at particular metabolic abnormalities. In addition, these measurements may be useful in defining viability and function of tissues in such widely disparate clinical situations as cancer chemotherapy and cardiology. For example, effects of CNS or cardiovascular drugs can be monitored by observing 18FDG metabolism in brain and heart. We suggest that the joining of classic clinical pharmacology to exquisite imaging measurements will help form the basis for 21st-century clinical drug development.     

Derivation of Grinding Force of Online Roll Grinder

In order to fit the development of continuouscasting and free schedule rolling(FSR),the hot-strip mill online roll grinder(ORG)technology wasdevelopedinJapanin1980′s[1,2].Especiallythe trac-er cup-grinder wheel developed by Mitsubishi ma-chine manufactur…     

Optimal Structural Control Using Neural Networks

An optimal control algorithm using neural networks is proposed. The controller neural network is trained by a training rule developed to minimize cost function. Both the linear structure and the nonlinear structure can be controlled by the proposed neurocontroller. A bilinear hysteretic model is used to simulate nonlinear structural behavior. Three main advantages of the neurocontroller can be summarized as follows. First, it can control a structure with unknown dynamics. Second, it can easily be applied to nonlinear structural control. Third, external disturbances can be considered in the optimal control. Examples show that structural vibration can be controlled successfully.     

连铸机振动装置的改造

为解决韶钢一钢厂4号连铸机振动装置故障多的问题，提出把全板簧振动装置改造成半板簧振动装置，使改造后连铸机的振动装置通用，统一备件，且节约费用。     

高炉钛矿护炉规律的研究

 通过热力学计算,讨论了影响高熔点Ti(C,N)在炉内沉积的因素以及可能导致钛矿护炉效果不佳的原因。结果表明,铁水中的硅含量限制了铁水中的钛含量（w(［Ti］)≤0.2w(［Si］)）,所以控制适合的冶炼温度促进渣中TiO2还原的同时还要提高铁水中的硅含量,以保证铁水中有足够的钛;另一方面,要通过降低侵蚀炭砖表面温度来降低钛的溶解度,促进侵蚀部位铁水中钛的析出。通过钛平衡计算得知,护炉时需要长期加入含钛炉料,使得含钛保护层脱落后能在短时间内迅速形成。     

CAXA电子图板在ANSYS分析中的应用

国产CAD软件CAXA电子图板可以被用来辅助有限元分析软件ANYSYS进行工作,从而提高ANSYS的利用效率。CAXA可以辅助ANSYS建立模型草图,具有方便快捷的优点;还可以依托其图形要素查询功能,得到图形点、线、面的有关属性,对ANSYS的分析过程提供帮助。     

基于Modbus协议压缩机远程监控系统的设计

本文通过采用Modbus通信,进行串行通讯,在主站层和现场层进行数据传输,对其进行远程控制,并对工艺技术参数进行远程监测,远距操作、故障报警和显示,同时又能够准确监视各种设备的运行情况,以便发生故障时能及时进行排查和处理,实现无人值班和全面综合自动化。系统通过运行证实,整个供气系统的稳定性和可靠性得到提高。     

结晶器电磁制动技术的应用研究

论述了板坯连铸结晶器中应用电磁制动技术的发展、研究和应用状况。电磁制动技术可以控制结晶器内钢液面的波动,减少结晶器保护渣的卷渣,有利于结晶器内夹杂物的去除。鞍钢电磁制动的研究结果表明,电磁制动可降低液面波动50%以上,可提高目标拉速0.5m/m in。     

云南文山铝业赤泥资源化利用方案设想

根据铝土矿原矿成分、氧化铝生产工艺和云南省的产业发展规划,提出了文山铝业拜耳法赤泥资源化利用的一种处理方案。赤泥通过选矿工艺的优化,选出铁、钛混合精矿,经电炉熔炼生产高钛渣,为钛白粉生产提供原料。尾渣通过选矿降低了铁和碱的含量后,可以大幅拓宽赤泥在建材中的应用途径,提高用量。     

The ventilator: selection of mechanical ventilators

A comprehensive ventilator selection process can be a time-consuming and an overwhelming task. The needs assessment becomes the primary driving tool in the design of the selection process. From the needs assessment, the evaluation can be planned and organized according to the facility requirements, time constraints, and resources. The strategy can expand to an extensive project or have a succinct and condensed design. The needs assessment determines the criteria for the selection, whether it be cost, ventilator specifications, educational needs, manufacturer support needs, maintenance requirements, accessory items, or combinations of any item. Once the data have been collected, it must be analyzed and critiqued. How this examination is performed can be expansive or scaled down according to the facility's resources. Important items in the selection must be maintained and used more extensively in the decision, whereas less important items take a backseat in the operation. The final selection comes from the culmination of the entire process.     

热连轧带钢轧制参数双区设定的设计与应用

介绍了朝阳鞍凌钢铁有限公司1700mm热连轧生产线带钢轧制参数双区设定方法，包括设计思想、读写策略及显示方式。该方法能够很好地适应热连轧快节奏大生产的要求，尤其是在一些不满足轧制规程要求的情况下，能及时发出报警信息，使操作者有较充足的时间进行相关的处理，从而减少废品和设备故障，提高轧线的稳定性和可靠性。     

Optimal test strategy in the case of two tests and one disease

Decision-making, especially about test performance, is very complex in nature. Clinical decision analysis can provide tools for doctors which can be used in improving the ordering of laboratory tests. This article describes an approach which is relevant for medical practice and easy to understand, with the goal of obtaining better decisions rather than optimal solutions. The methodology enables a clear understanding of the possibilities and restrictions of test use and needs very little calculation. The cornerstone of the methodology is a graphical representation, by which the benefits of test use are evaluated. Furthermore, a simple algorithm has been developed that can be used to find the optimal solution in the case of two tests. In each step decision rules can be used. In a graphical representation the effect of combining tests can be easily evaluated. If a test combination is chosen one has to decide which sequence is optimal. Finally one has to choose between parallel and series testing. The gain in time of the parallel procedure (and possible gain in effectiveness of treatment) should be compared with the efficiency gain of series testing. The authors conclude that the developed methodology is closer to the intuitive decision-making process than the traditional decision-making techniques and therefore can be used in order to improve the rather intuitive decisions of doctors.     

Revised consensus 'Diagnosis of the dementia syndrome'

Dementia is a clinical syndrome and is diagnosed on clinical grounds. Various types can be distinguished: the Alzheimer-type, frontal lobe dementia and subcortical dementia syndromes. Neuropsychological examination can contribute to the clinical diagnosis. Differentiation from delirium and depression, which may co-exist with dementia, is necessary. Once a dementia syndrome has been diagnosed its cause has to be ascertained. Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause and can often be diagnosed clinically. The clinical suspicion of vascular dementia has to be confirmed by imaging methods. Drug intoxication may cause or contribute to dementia. Blood tests should be performed routinely, but EEG, CT or MRI, SPECT and genetic tests can be carried out on clinical indication. Subsequently the need for care of the patient has to be established, as well as the ability of the carers to meet it. Regular follow-up is necessary. A definite diagnosis can only be made post-mortem when neuropathological examination has been performed. The organisation of diagnosis in the dementia syndrome should preferably take place in specialised multidisciplinary teams.     

Lymphocutaneous syndrome. A review of non-sporothrix causes

The lymphocutaneous syndrome can be caused by a number of diverse microorganisms requiring very different antimicrobial therapy for resolution. The epidemiology and geographic occurrence of the infection often can provide important first clues to the microbiologic etiology. Accurate diagnosis can be accomplished usually by punch or wedge biopsy of a primary lesion or proximal subcutaneous nodule submitted for histopathologic examination and culture. The microbiology laboratory staff should be alerted to the diagnostic possibilities so that appropriate cultural and incubation techniques, procedures, and precautions can be initiated. Provision of a correct microbiologic diagnosis and institution of appropriate antimicrobial therapy will result in a complete cure in almost all instances. Adjunctive surgical debridement may be required for certain organisms such as Nocardia or Mycobacterium chelonae.     

Using the normal quantile plot to explore meta-analytic data sets.

In a meta-analysis, graphical displays can be used to check statistical assumptions for numerical procedures and they can be used to discover important patterns in the data. The authors propose the normal quantile plot as a preferred alternative to the funnel plot for such purposes. The normal quantile plot, like the funnel plot, can be used to investigate whether all studies come from a single population and to search for publication bias. However, the normal quantile plot is easier to interpret than the funnel plot, especially when it includes 95% confidence bands. In addition, the normal quantile plot can be used to check the normality assumption for numerical procedures. The funnel plot cannot be used for this latter purpose. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Chromatin structure and function in proliferating cells

The conclusions that we would like to draw from this review are the following: (a) Chromatin structure and function are exceedingly sensitive to changes in the proliferative state of a cell. Differences can be detected between cells in mitosis, G1 and S, and even between G0 and G1 cells. (b)These differences are very unlikely to be artifactual, since similar changes can also be demonstrated in intact nuclei. (c) Some of these differences can be abolished by extraction of chromatins with low concentrations of salt. (d) Differences between chromatins of normal and neoplastic cells can also be detected, but they are largely related to differences in the extent of cell proliferation. (e) A number of laboratories have been very busy in trying to elucidate chromatin structure with different technologies. Sometimes a change in a macromolecule cause by a physiological stimulus can tell us as much about its structure as a thousand instruments. The changes occuring in chromatin of proliferating cells could perhaps be profitably used to know more about chromatin structure.