PTFE/纳米SiC复合材料的摩擦磨损性能研究

利用冷压烧结法制备了不同含量的聚四氟乙烯/纳米碳化硅(PTFE/纳米SiC)复合材料。采用MM-200型摩擦磨损试验机在干摩擦条件下考察了纳米SiC含量及载荷对PTFE/纳米SiC复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,借助于扫描电子显微镜观察分析了试样磨损表面形貌,并探讨了其磨损机理。结果表明,纳米SiC能够提高PTFE/纳米SiC复合材料的硬度和耐磨性,当纳米SiC质量分数为7%时,PTFE/纳米SiC复合材料的磨损量最小,摩擦系数也最小;随纳米SiC含量的增加,其摩擦系数有所增大;随着载荷的增大,PTFE/纳米SiC复合材料的磨损量增加。     

纳米SiC改性氰酸酯树脂的耐磨性研究

采用模塑成型法制备氰酸酯树脂(CE)/纳米碳化硅(nm-SiC)复合材料,通过磨损率和摩擦系数测试探讨了nm-SiC对CE耐磨性能的影响,并通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析探讨了其磨损机理。结果表明,nmSiC的质量分数为1.00%时,CE/nm-SiC复合材料的磨损率最低,相对于纯CE降低了51.16%,稳定摩擦系数降低了17.95%,磨损机理为轻度磨粒磨损和犁沟磨损。     

水润滑下纳米三氧化二铝/端异氰酸酯基聚丁二烯液体橡胶-环氧树脂复合材料的摩擦性能

研究了纳米Al2O3/端异氰酸酯基聚丁二烯液体橡胶-环氧树脂(ETPB)复合材料在水润滑条件下的摩擦性能,并用扫描电子显微镜表征了复合材料的磨损表面形貌,探讨了磨损机理。结果表明,在水润滑条件下,纳米Al2O3/ETPB复合材料的磨损率和摩擦系数低于ETPB;载荷和滑动速率的变化对纳米Al2O3/ETPB复合材料的磨损率、摩擦系数及磨损表面形貌影响不大,复合材料的磨损表面均未产生裂纹;ETPB的磨损机理为疲劳磨损,纳米AlO/ETPB复合材料的磨损机理为机械抛光磨损。     

纳米SiC或Si3N4与玻璃纤维混杂填充PA6复合材料摩擦磨损性能研究

采用注塑成型法制备纳米SiC或Si3N4与玻璃纤维混杂填充PA6尼龙复合材料。采用MM-200型摩擦磨损试验机在干摩擦条件下考察了纳米颗粒含量及载荷对PA6复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响。采用扫描电子显微镜观察分析磨损表面形貌及磨损机理。结果表明:纳米Si3N4与玻璃纤维混杂能使复合材料耐磨损性提高,以3%Si3N4与玻璃纤维混杂填充耐磨性最佳;而纳米SiC与玻璃纤维混杂会导致复合材料的磨损量增大,纳米SiC或Si3N4与玻璃纤维混杂填充PA6复合材料的摩擦系数都低于尼龙材料。     

改性石墨烯纳米带/双马来酰亚胺复合材料的摩擦学性能

为了改善石墨烯与双马来酰亚胺(BMI)树脂的相容性,并使其在摩擦过程中快速形成高质量自润滑转移膜,用超支化聚硅氧烷(HBPSi)和Ni纳米粒子共同改性石墨烯纳米带(GNRs),制备了HBPSi/Ni/GNRs复合粒子,将其引入到BMI树脂中制备出HBPSi/Ni/GNRs/BMI复合材料。采用FTIR、SEM、TEM、摩擦磨损试验机及分子动力学模拟对复合粒子的结构、形貌及添加量和复合材料的摩擦学性能的影响进行了考察,并探究了其摩擦磨损机理。结果表明,HBPSi和Ni纳米粒子成功负载到GNRs表面上。与GNRs相比,HBPSi/Ni/GNRs复合粒子能够显著提升BMI复合材料的摩擦学性能。当HBPSi/Ni/GNRs复合粒子添加量(质量分数)为0.6%时,HBPSi/Ni/GNRs/BMI复合材料的摩擦系数和体积磨损率均降至最低,分别为0.18和1.9×10^–6 mm³/(N·m)。HBPSi/Ni/GNRs复合粒子与BMI树脂强的界面作用是导致其复合材料抗剪切能力提升的关键。     

纳米AlN填充PTFE复合材料的摩擦性能研究

以纳米氮化铝（削N）为填料制备了聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）复合材料，研究了该复合材料在干摩擦条件下与不锈钢对摩时的摩擦磨损行为．结果表明：纳米AlN填充FIFE基复合材料的耐磨性能明显优于纯PTFE。不同用量纳米AlN填充PTFE复合材料的摩擦系数最多上升16．5％，而耐磨性最多却能提高150倍，当纳米AlN用量为5％，FIFE复合材料的耐磨性最好。SEM观察发现：纯PTFE的磨损表面上分布着大量的带状结构，有明显的犁削和粘着磨损的痕迹。当复合材料中纳米AlN用量较低时，复合材料的磨损机制主要表现为不同程度的黏着磨损，但当复合填料中纳米AlN用量较高时，复合材料的磨损机制主要表现不同程度的黏着磨损和磨粒磨损，同时其复合材料的摩擦磨损性能出现了恶化现象。     

纳米SiC及其与石墨、二硫化钼填充PTFE基复合材料摩擦磨损性能研究

用摩擦磨损试验机对纳米碳化硅（SiC）及其与石墨、二硫化钼（MoS2）混合填充聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）复合材料在干摩擦条件下与45#钢对磨时摩擦磨损性能进行了研究,用洛氏硬度计对PTFE及其复合材料的硬度进行了测量,用扫描电子显微镜对PTFE复合材料磨损表面进行了观察。结果表明,纳米SiC的加入能提高PTFE复合材料的硬度和耐磨性,纳米SiC与MoS2混合填充会使PTFE复合材料的耐磨性提高更多,特别是在载荷增大时其耐磨效果更好。纳米SiC填充PTFE复合材料的摩擦因数比纯PTFE大,且随载荷增加有所减小, MoS2、石墨的加入可降低PTFE的摩擦因数。     

EP/三维编织PE–UHMW纤维复合材料的摩擦磨损性能

以三维编织超高分子量聚乙烯(PE–UHMW)纤维为增强体,环氧树脂(EP)为基体,通过树脂传递模塑工艺制备了EP/三维编织PE–UHMW纤维复合材料,研究了纤维含量和载荷对复合材料摩擦系数与磨损率的影响,并采用扫描电子显微镜对复合材料磨损表面进行了分析。结果表明,随着纤维体积含量的增加,复合材料的摩擦系数和磨损率逐渐减小;随着载荷的增大,复合材料的摩擦系数逐渐减小,但磨损率增大;复合材料的磨损机制以粘着磨损为主。     

轴瓦用C/C-SiC复合材料的摩擦磨损性能研究

本文通过液相气化热梯度法结合反应熔渗法制备出C/C-SiC复合材料,并通过环块摩擦磨损实验考察了在水润滑条件下不同载荷对其摩擦磨损特性的影响。实验在结果表明:C/C-SiC复合材料主要由碳纤维、碳纤维周围深色相PyC、灰暗相SiC相和灰白相Si组成。在水润滑条件下,C/C-SiC复合材料的摩擦系数较低,并随着载荷的增加而增大。当载荷从100N增加到400N时,摩擦系数从0.06增大到0.17左右。当载荷小于200N时,C/C-SiC复合材料的磨损率变化不明显;当载荷大于200N时,其磨损率随载荷的增加而显著增大。载荷较高时,C/C-SiC复合材料的磨损形式主要为磨粒磨损,材料表面磨损是磨粒的犁削作用和应力疲劳作用的共同结果。     

纳米Al2O3颗粒填充聚酰胺6的摩擦性能研究

通过原位聚合制备了纳米Al2O3增强单体浇铸聚酰胺复合材料(简称PA6／Al2O3)。在磨损试验机上考察了纳米粒子含量和试验条件对其摩擦性能的影响，并利用扫描电子显微镜对其摩擦性能和磨损机制进行了考察。分析结果表明：纳米Al2O3填料可提高单体浇铸PA6的耐磨性，其含量在3％左右时增强效果最好；随着载荷的增加，PA6／Al2O3的磨损率平缓增大，而摩擦系数逐渐减小，其摩擦系数值较单体浇铸PA6的摩擦系数稍大。     

纳米TiO2/PTFE复合材料的干摩擦磨损性能

利用磨损试验机、扫描电子显微镜等方法研究了表面处理与未处理纳米TiO2(质量分数为6％)填充聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)复合材料的干摩擦性能。结果表明，纳米TiO2能明显提高：PTFE耐磨性并改变其磨屑形成机理。表面处理纳米TiO2在PTFE中能较均匀分散。纳米TiO2填充PTFE复合材料的摩擦系数比PTFE稍大，纳米TiO2表面处理与否对PTFE复合材料的摩擦系数影响不大，但表面处理纳米TiO2填充聚四氟乙烯耐磨性比PTFE有显著提高，表面处理与表面未处理纳米TiO2填充PTFE复合材料的耐磨性比PTFE可分别提高7倍和3倍左右。导致PTFE磨损的重要机理是粘着磨损。     

The tribological properties of SiC whisker-reinforced polyetheretherketone

SiC whisker-reinforced polyetheretherketone (PEEK) composites with different filler proportions were made into block specimens by compression molding. The friction and wear properties of the composites were investigated on a block-on-ring machine by running a plain carbon steel (AISI 1045 steel) ring against the composite block under ambient conditions. The morphologies of the wear traces and wear debris were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that SiC whisker-reinforced PEEK exhibited considerably lower friction coefficient compared with pure PEEK, while SiC whisker as a filler at a content of 1.25 to 2.5 wt % was very effective in reducing the wear rate of PEEK. Especially, the lowest wear rate was obtained with the composite containing 1.25 wt % SiC whisker. The SEM pictures of the wear traces indicated that PEEK composites undertook abrasive wear that was enhanced with increasing SiC whisker content, while for the frictional couple of carbon steel ring/composite block (reinforced with 1.25 wt % filler), a thin, uniform, and tenacious transfer film was formed on the ring surface. It was also supposed that the differences in the content of SiC whisker as filler could cause the differences in the wear mechanisms of SiC whisker-reinforced PEEK composites. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 69: 2341–2347, 1998     

聚乙烯醇/蒙脱石纳米复合材料的制备与表征

以钠质蒙脱石和聚乙烯醇为原料,通过溶液插层-流延成膜法制备不同蒙脱石质量分数的聚乙烯醇/蒙脱石纳米复合材料薄膜。用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM )和热重分析(TGA)对复合材料的结构进行了表征。结果表明,聚乙烯醇分子成功进入蒙脱石的层间,实现了在纳米尺度上的复合;蒙脱石质量分数高于7 5%形成插层型的纳米复合材料,低于7 .5%的形成剥离型的纳米复合材料;纳米复合材料的热稳定性比纯聚乙烯醇有较大提高。     

The performances of BMI nanocomposites filled with nanometer SiC

Nanocomposites of bismaleimide (BMI) with different proportions of nanometer SiC were prepared by a high shear dispersion process and casting method at elevated temperature. The mechanical and tribological properties of the nanocomposites were investigated. The bending strength and impact strength of the nanocomposite specimens were determined, and the sliding wear performance of the nanocomposites was investigated on an M‐200 friction and wear tester. The dispersion of nanometre SiC was observed with a transmission electron microscope (TEM), while those of the worn surfaces and transfer films on the counterpart steel ring were observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The experimental results indicate that the nanocomposites exhibited lower friction coefficient and wear loss as well as higher bending and impact strength than BMI resin under the same testing conditions. The lowest wear rate was obtained with the nanocomposite containing 6.0 wt % SiC, while the highest mechanical properties were obtained with the nanocomposite containing 2.0 wt % SiC. The wear mechanism of the nanocomposite is mainly adhesion wear, while that of pure BMI resin is mainly fatigue cracking with plastic deformation. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 95: 1246–1250, 2005     

ABS/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备、结构及性能

将SAN／蒙脱土纳米复合材料与ABS高胶粉熔融共混得到ABS／蒙脱土纳米复合材料。对纳米复合材料的机械性能进行了表征．结果发现蒙脱土的加入一定程度上提高了ABS的杨氏模量和弯曲模量，但冲击强度有明显的降低。采用XRD、TEM和SEM对纳米复合材料的结构进行表征，结果表明在共混过程中，蒙脱土片层的物理特性导致其基本分布在橡胶粒子的表面．甚至造成粒子的变形和破裂；ABS／蒙脱土纳米复合材料在冲击过程中，蒙脱土片层的分散状态导致橡胶粒子不能发生塑性变形，冲击断面呈多孔形态。     

Tribological Behavior of SiC-Whisker/Al2O3 Composites against Carburized 8620 Steel in Lubricated Sliding

Mineral oil lubricated sliding tests of Sic-whisker (SiC_w,)/A1₂0₃ composites and monolithic alumina against carburized 8620 steel were conducted on a cylinder-on-cylinder machine. The wear rate of the composites was one or two orders of magnitude less than that of pure alumina. Hot-pressed 25 wt% SiC_w,/A1₂0₃ composite had a lower wear rate than sintered and HIPed 7.5 wt% SiC/Al₂O₃ composite under the same conditions. The weight loss of the steel mating ring against the 25 wt% SiC_w, composite was a factor of four lower than against the 7.5 wt% SiC_w, composite, but the former was a factor of 50 to 60 less than that against pure alumina. The composites showed lower friction coefficients than alumina during the run-in stage. The friction coefficients decreased with initial wear. The steady-state friction coefficient decreased with increasing load up to 500 N for hot-pressed 25 wt% SiC,/Al₂0₃ composite. Further, SEM observation showed much less microfracture in composites than in alumina. EDAX analysis revealed less Fe transfer from the steel ring to the composites than to pure alumina. Wear by microfracture and by adhesion in composites was suggested to be suppressed by SIC whiskers. This in turn reduced wear of the steel because of the generation of fewer hard particles.     

纳米SiO2对有机硅/聚苯硫醚复合材料相区大小及性能的影响

采用共混挤出的方法制得了力学性能优异的纳米Si02／有机硅／聚苯硫醚（PPS）纳米复合材料。用SEM研究了复合材料中纳米SiO2粒子的加入对有机硅／PPS共混物相区大小的影响。制得的复合材料中硅油为分散相，PPS为连续相，纳米Si02主要分布在硅油相以及硅油与PPS的两相界面处。纳米粒子的引入有利于减小硅油相的相区尺寸，调节两相粘度匹配，促进两相混合，从而达到了提高材料力学性能的目的。     

纳米二氧化硅改性尼龙11的研究

本文采用熔融共混法制备了尼龙11/纳米SiO2复合材料.研究了纳米SiO2的加入对尼龙11的力学性能的影响.通过电镜观察冲击断面形态发现:纳米SiO2均匀分散在尼龙11基体中,受冲击时基体产生了屈服.     

纳米水滑石(LDH)的有机化改性及其在高聚物中的分散

通过插层置换对水滑石（LDH）纳米粒子进行了有机化改性，并就改性纳米水滑石在PE、EVA树脂基体中的分散情况进行了研究。研究发现，经有机化改性的水滑石纳米粒子无论在极性的EVA基体中，还是在非极性的PE基体中都能达到很好的分散效果，为进一步制备高性能聚合物基纳米复合材料提供了一种新的分散方法。