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淀粉基脂肪替代物的研究应用概况 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
综述了淀粉为基质的脂肪替代物的研究进展及其应用。淀粉为基质的脂肪替代物包括以玉米淀粉、马铃薯淀粉、大米淀粉、木薯淀粉为原料的脂肪替代物,用于替代食品中的脂肪,可以安全有效地降低食品中的脂肪含量,从而减少总膳食能量和脂肪的过多摄入所带来的不利影响。 相似文献
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以籼米淀粉为原料通过酶法制备籼米淀粉基脂肪替代品,通过改变酶解时间(4、6、10、14 min)分别制得DE值(葡萄糖值)为2.07~5.07的产品。用FT-IR、XRD、SEM对制得的脂肪替代品结构特性进行了表征,同时对其糊化特性、质构性质进行了研究。由FT-IR图谱可知,脂肪替代品在3390 cm-1、2928 cm-1、1157 cm-1、1021 cm-1、1080 cm-1、929 cm-1、859 cm-1及763 cm-1处出现了特征峰,表明其具有吡喃葡萄糖结构。XRD表明,脂肪替代品在18°仍有较强衍射,保留了原淀粉的部分A型特征峰。SEM表明,脂肪替代品呈现出海绵状的碎石结构,为凝胶形成时截留水分提供大量的空间。相对于原淀粉,脂肪替代品的峰值粘度、低谷粘度、崩解值、回升值及糊化温度均显著降低,表明脂肪替代品的抗老化性显著增加。随DE值的增加脂肪替代品的糊化特征值逐渐减小。质构特性值说明,DE值为2~4左右的脂肪替代品更适合应用到食品工业中。 相似文献
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研究了玉米淀粉基脂肪替代物在低脂再制干酪中应用的关键影响因素,并对低脂再制干酪的融化性、硬度和感官指标进行了评定.在单因素试验的基础上,运用响应面分析法,建立了玉米淀粉基脂肪替代物低脂再制干酪的因素影响模型,确定了最佳工艺条件为:玉米淀粉基脂肪替代物添加量4.1%,水分质量分数51%,pH值5.9,在此条件下产品感官可接受性较高. 相似文献
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碳水化合物基脂肪替代物是一种公认安全脂肪替代物,受到人们越来越多关注。淀粉基脂肪替代物是碳水化合物基脂肪替代物一种;该文从原料方面介绍淀粉基脂肪替代物研究状况及制备淀粉基脂肪替代物的原料最新进展。 相似文献
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近几年人们对于肉制品的摄入量逐渐增加,而传统肉制品中较高的脂肪含量给人们带来了很多慢性疾病。由于脂肪替代物在肉制品中的应用可有效降低脂肪的摄入,且能预防高脂膳食所引起的一系列疾病,弥补脂肪的减少给肉制品所带来的口味上的损失,因此低脂肉制品的研究势在必行。本文基于国内外脂肪替代物的发展现状,从单一型脂肪替代物(蛋白质类、碳水化合物类、脂质类)和复合型脂肪替代物(由不同基质来源物按照一定比例结合在一起协同发挥脂肪替代作用的混合物)2个方面阐述了各自对于低脂肉制品的感官特性和质构特性影响的研究进展还有脂肪替代物应用中存在的问题,并对脂肪替代物发展方向做出了展望,以期为低脂肉制品的研发提供一定的参考。 相似文献
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以燕麦淀粉为原料,采用耐高温α-淀粉酶水解制备不同燕麦淀粉水解度(DE值)样品;通过分析样品表观黏度和凝胶强度确定其作为脂肪替代品使用时的上限质量分数和下限质量分数;测定样品的凝胶温度及持水性、持油性、冻融稳定性、乳化性、乳化稳定性等理化性质,选出较适合做脂肪替代品的样品。结果表明:样品的表观黏度随剪切速率、温度的增加而下降,凝胶强度随DE值的增大、样品质量分数的下降呈下降趋势。样品作为脂肪替代品使用时上限质量分数为30%,下限质量分数为25%。DE值为2.39%、2.93%、3.73%、4.11%的样品较适合做脂肪替代品。 相似文献
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The effects of several fat replacement levels (0%, 35%, 50%, 70%, and 100%) by inulin in sponge cake microstructure and physicochemical properties were studied. Oil substitution for inulin decreased significantly (P < 0.05) batter viscosity, giving heterogeneous bubbles size distributions as it was observed by light microscopy. Using confocal laser scanning microscopy the fat was observed to be located at the bubbles' interface, enabling an optimum crumb cake structure development during baking. Cryo-SEM micrographs of cake crumbs showed a continuous matrix with embedded starch granules and coated with oil; when fat replacement levels increased, starch granules appeared as detached structures. Cakes with fat replacement up to 70% had a high crumb air cell values; they were softer and rated as acceptable by an untrained sensory panel (n = 51). So, the reformulation of a standard sponge cake recipe to obtain a new product with additional health benefits and accepted by consumers is achieved. Practical Application: In this study, fat is replaced by inulin in cakes, which is a fiber mainly obtained from chicory roots. Sponge cake formulations with reductions in fat content up to 70% are achieved. These high-quality products can be labeled as "reduced in fat" according to U.S. FDA (2009) and EU regulations (European-Union 2006). 相似文献
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Much research has been done to understand the contribution of different flour constituents to the cookie quality. Most authors agree on the role of starch in cookies, which, although it is the main flour constituent, has a relatively small influence on cookie quality. Flour proteins, which are quantitatively less important than starch, seem to have a more pronounced role in cookie baking. However, in literature, there is no consensus about their role and influence on the product quality. As for starch, there is much more agreement about the role of non-starch polysaccharides and flour lipids. Not only flour, but also other ingredients of the cookie (dough) formula, such as shortening (fat), sugar, and water are important for the quality of the end product. We here provide the different points of view in this area and speculate on the functionality and quality determining properties of flour constituents, sugar, fat, and water and their role and influence during the different stages of cookie baking and on the end quality of sugar-snap cookies. 相似文献