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凝胶聚合物电解质既具有固态聚合物电解质良好的力学加工性能和安全性能,又具有传统液态电解质较高的室温离子电导率。但凝胶聚合物电解质由于室温离子电导率低、力学强度较差的缺点限制了其在锂离子电池上的应用。结合目前研究的最新进展,本文针对几种常用凝胶聚合物电解质体系聚氧化乙烯、聚丙烯腈、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯和聚乙烯醇缩醛进行了综述,对其制备方法以及通过聚合物调控、加入无机填料和复合离子液体进行改性处理做了较全面的介绍,并探讨了凝胶聚合物电解质的应用前景。 相似文献
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聚合物锂离子电池具有重量轻,比能量高,安全性能好等优点,是本世纪发展的理想能源。锂离子电池用聚合物电解质的研究包括全固态聚合物电解质(SPE),凝胶聚合物电解质(GPE)和复合聚合物电解质(CPE)。本文重点综述了纳米复合聚合物电解质在锂离子电池中的应用研究进展及展望。 相似文献
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对蒙脱石进行改性,并用直接挥发溶剂法制备有机蒙脱石/聚偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯复合聚合物电解质。用扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射等对所制电解质性能进行表征,用交流阻抗和充放电实验研究聚合物电池的电化学性质。结果表明:直接挥发溶剂法制得的复合聚合物膜呈蜂窝状,孔穴丰富,强度增加,浸取电解液后室温离子电导率为1.51 mS/cm,电化学稳定窗口为5.5V;以LiCoO2为正极制得的聚合物电池0.1C充放电,50次循环后容量保持率达到95.3%,倍率放电能力较好,有机蒙脱石的加入可改善电池的电极界面性质,提高电池充放电循环性能。 相似文献
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电解质在电化学储能中起着至关重要的作用。在锂离子电池(LIB)中,液体电解质(LE)在几十年的发展中表现出了优异的性能,如高的离子电导率(10-3S/cm)和与电极良好的接触。然而,LE中的安全问题以及由枝晶生长引起的性能退化严重阻碍了LIB的实际应用。因此,聚合物电解质(PE)有望取代LE。固体聚合物电解质(SPE)虽然有很好的安全性和机械性能,但其受温度限制,离子电导率较低,且与电极接触较差,电池循环性较差。凝胶聚合物电解质(GPE)结合两者的优点,被认为是现有有机液体电解质的有效替代品,它可以用来制造更安全的锂电池。对现有聚合物基体的交联、共聚和混合改性——能够提高电解质的电化学性能的方法进行了综述。同时也对GPE在LIB中的最新研究进展进行了综述,并介绍了新型生物基凝胶电解质基体。最后,展望了制造性能优异的基于GPEs的LIB电池面临的挑战和发展方向。 相似文献
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锂离子电池因具有能量密度高、输出电压高、循环寿命长和自放电率低等优点而在化学电源领域备受关注,高性能锂离子电池被认为是未来储能器件的发展方向。电解质是锂离子电池必不可少的组成部分,不仅在正负电极之间起着传导电流和输运离子的作用,而且在很大程度上决定了电池的工作机制,是电池比能量、安 相似文献
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聚合物电解质离子电导率的影响因素 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
聚合物电解质具有质轻、粘弹性好、优良的安全性能和加工性能等许多无机电解质和有机溶剂电解质所不可比拟的优点,在微型移动电源领域有着广泛的应用前景。但由于室温电导率低,应用受到限制。综述了聚合物电解质的离子传导机制以及室温电导率的影响因素。 相似文献
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Yu-Kun Liu Chen-Zi Zhao Juan Du Xue-Qiang Zhang Ai-Bing Chen Qiang Zhang 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2023,19(8):2205315
In recent years, the rapid development of modern society is calling for advanced energy storage to meet the growing demands of energy supply and generation. As one of the most promising energy storage systems, secondary batteries are attracting much attention. The electrolyte is an important part of the secondary battery, and its composition is closely related to the electrochemical performance of the secondary batteries. Lithium-ion battery electrolyte is mainly composed of solvents, additives, and lithium salts, which are prepared according to specific proportions under certain conditions and according to the needs of characteristics. This review analyzes the advantages and current problems of the liquid electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) from the mechanism of action and failure mechanism, summarizes the research progress of solvents, lithium salts, and additives, analyzes the future trends and requirements of lithium-ion battery electrolytes, and points out the emerging opportunities in advanced lithium-ion battery electrolytes development. 相似文献
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Zhangnan Li Liying Wang Yuhan Liu Mengxuan Yu Baijun Liu Yongfeng Men Zhaoyan Sun Wei Hu Guangshan Zhu 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2023,19(41):2302818
The low ionic conductivity and Li+ transference number () of solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) seriously hinder their application in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In this study, a novel single-ion lithium-rich imidazole anionic porous aromatic framework (PAF-220-Li) is designed. The abundant pores in PAF-220-Li are conducive to the Li+ transfer. Imidazole anion has low binding force with Li+. The conjugation of imidazole and benzene ring can further reduce the binding energy between Li+ and anions. Thus, only Li+ moved freely in the SPEs, remarkably reducing the concentration polarization and inhibiting lithium dendrite growth. PAF-220-quasi-solid polymer electrolyte (PAF-220-QSPE) is prepared through solution casting of Bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide lithium (LiTFSI) infused PAF-220-Li and Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)(PVDF-HFP), and possessed excellent electrochemical performance. The electrochemical property are further improved by preparing all-solid polymer electrolyte (PAF-220-ASPE) via pressing-disc method, which has a high Li+ conductivity of 0.501 mS cm−1 and of 0.93. The discharge specific capacity at 0.2 C of Li//PAF-220-ASPE//LFP reached 164 mAh g−1, and the capacity retention rate is 90% after 180 cycles. This study provided a promising strategy for SPE with single-ion PAFs to achieve high-performance solid-state LIBs. 相似文献
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Candice F. J. Francis Ilias L. Kyratzis Adam S. Best 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2020,32(18):1904205
Ionic liquids (ILs) are widely studied as a safer alternative electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries. The properties of IL electrolytes compared to conventional electrolytes make them more thermally stable, but they also have poor wetting with commercial separators. In a lithium-ion battery, the electrolyte should completely wet out the separator and electrodes to reduce the cell internal resistance. Investigations of cell materials with IL electrolytes have shown that the wetting issues in IL–electrolyte cells are most likely due to poor separator compatibility, not electrode compatibility. A compatible separator must be developed before IL electrolytes can be used in commercial lithium-ion batteries. Herein, separators for IL electrolytes, including commercial and novel separators, are reviewed. Separators with different processing methods, polymers, additives, and different IL electrolytes are considered. Collated, the separator studies show a strong correlation between ionic conductivity and membrane porosity, even more than the electrolyte type. The challenge of a suitable separator for IL electrolytes is not solved yet. Herein, it is revealed that a separator for IL electrolytes will most likely require a combination of high thermal and mechanical stability polymer, ceramic additives, and an optimized manufacturing process. 相似文献
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Feifan Zheng Chunwei Li Zongcheng Li Xin Cao Hebin Luo Jin Liang Xiaodong Zhao Jie Kong 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2023,19(21):2206355
Composite solid electrolytes are considered to be the crucial components of all-solid-state lithium batteries, which are viewed as the next-generation energy storage devices for high energy density and long working life. Numerous studies have shown that fillers in composite solid electrolytes can effectively improve the ion-transport behavior, the essence of which lies in the optimization of the ion-transport path in the electrolyte. The performance is closely related to the structure of the fillers and the interaction between fillers and other electrolyte components including polymer matrices and lithium salts. In this review, the dimensional design of fillers in advanced composite solid electrolytes involving 0D–2D nanofillers, and 3D continuous frameworks are focused on. The ion-transport mechanism and the interaction between fillers and other electrolyte components are highlighted. In addition, sandwich-structured composite solid electrolytes with fillers are also discussed. Strategies for the design of composite solid electrolytes with high room temperature ionic conductivity are summarized, aiming to assist target-oriented research for high-performance composite solid electrolytes. 相似文献
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Qian Zhou Jun Ma Shanmu Dong Xianfeng Li Guanglei Cui 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2019,31(50)
Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) have aroused wide interest in lithium batteries because of their sufficient mechanical properties, superior safety performances, and excellent processability. However, ionic conductivity and high‐voltage compatibility of SPEs are still yet to meet the requirement of future energy‐storage systems, representing significant barriers to progress. In this regard, intermolecular interactions in SPEs have attracted attention, and they can significantly impact on the Li+ motion and frontier orbital energy level of SPEs. Recent advances in improving electrochemcial performance of SPEs are reviewed, and the underlying mechanism of these proposed strategies related to intermolecular interaction is discussed, including ion–dipole, hydrogen bonds, π–π stacking, and Lewis acid–base interactions. It is hoped that this review can inspire a deeper consideration on this critical issue, which can pave new pathway to improve ionic conductivity and high‐voltage performance of SPEs. 相似文献
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电解质作为超级电容器的重要组成部分,对器件性能起着关键性作用。本文对近些年来超级电容器各种电解质,包括水系、有机液体、离子液体、固态/准固态聚合物电解质和氧化还原体系电解质的特点和最新研究成果进行了描述;重点介绍了固态/准固态聚合物电解质的分类及其性能研究概况。提出了发展电位窗口宽、离子电导率高、电化学性能稳定的离子液体和机械强度等综合性能优良的凝胶聚合物电解质是将来超级电容器电解质发展领域的趋势,最后对超级电容器电解质的发展前景进行了展望。 相似文献