锂离子电池用凝胶聚合物电解质研究进展

凝胶聚合物电解质既具有固态聚合物电解质良好的力学加工性能和安全性能,又具有传统液态电解质较高的室温离子电导率。但凝胶聚合物电解质由于室温离子电导率低、力学强度较差的缺点限制了其在锂离子电池上的应用。结合目前研究的最新进展,本文针对几种常用凝胶聚合物电解质体系聚氧化乙烯、聚丙烯腈、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯和聚乙烯醇缩醛进行了综述,对其制备方法以及通过聚合物调控、加入无机填料和复合离子液体进行改性处理做了较全面的介绍,并探讨了凝胶聚合物电解质的应用前景。     

锂离子电池用固体聚合物电解质的最新进展

全固态聚合物电解质由于其突出的安全性能,在锂离子电池中具有潜在的应用前景,其研究备受关注.本文综述了锂离子电池用全固态聚合物电解质的最新研究进展.主要关注的是电化学性能,尤其是室温附近的离子电导率.对性能较好的聚合物固体电解质体系进行了概述.     

锂离子二次电池纳米复合聚合物电解质研究进展

聚合物锂离子电池具有重量轻，比能量高，安全性能好等优点，是本世纪发展的理想能源。锂离子电池用聚合物电解质的研究包括全固态聚合物电解质（SPE），凝胶聚合物电解质（GPE）和复合聚合物电解质（CPE）。本文重点综述了纳米复合聚合物电解质在锂离子电池中的应用研究进展及展望。     

锂离子电池用聚合物固体电解质的研究及展望

聚合物固体电解质是制备高功率密度,高能量密度,长循环寿命的锂离子电池的关键材料之一。本文介绍了聚合物固体电解质的制备及基本性能,论述了不同品种聚合物固体电解质的制备方法,并根据存在的问题,提出发展方向。     

锂离子二次电池用全固态聚合物电解质的研究进展

对固体聚合物电解质的发展历程以及对全固态聚合物电解质中的离子传导作了介绍,着重对提高室温电导率的途径进行评述,并结合自己的工作对其存在的问题和今后的发展作出展望.     

基于OMMT/PVDF-HFP的锂离子电池用复合聚合物电解质

对蒙脱石进行改性,并用直接挥发溶剂法制备有机蒙脱石/聚偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯复合聚合物电解质。用扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射等对所制电解质性能进行表征,用交流阻抗和充放电实验研究聚合物电池的电化学性质。结果表明：直接挥发溶剂法制得的复合聚合物膜呈蜂窝状,孔穴丰富,强度增加,浸取电解液后室温离子电导率为1.51 mS/cm,电化学稳定窗口为5.5V;以LiCoO₂为正极制得的聚合物电池0.1C充放电,50次循环后容量保持率达到95.3%,倍率放电能力较好,有机蒙脱石的加入可改善电池的电极界面性质,提高电池充放电循环性能。     

凝胶聚合物电解质用于锂离子电池的研究进展

电解质在电化学储能中起着至关重要的作用。在锂离子电池(LIB)中,液体电解质(LE)在几十年的发展中表现出了优异的性能,如高的离子电导率(10^-3S/cm)和与电极良好的接触。然而,LE中的安全问题以及由枝晶生长引起的性能退化严重阻碍了LIB的实际应用。因此,聚合物电解质(PE)有望取代LE。固体聚合物电解质(SPE)虽然有很好的安全性和机械性能,但其受温度限制,离子电导率较低,且与电极接触较差,电池循环性较差。凝胶聚合物电解质(GPE)结合两者的优点,被认为是现有有机液体电解质的有效替代品,它可以用来制造更安全的锂电池。对现有聚合物基体的交联、共聚和混合改性——能够提高电解质的电化学性能的方法进行了综述。同时也对GPE在LIB中的最新研究进展进行了综述,并介绍了新型生物基凝胶电解质基体。最后,展望了制造性能优异的基于GPEs的LIB电池面临的挑战和发展方向。     

锂离子电池电解质的最新研究进展

综述了近几年来电解质（即液态电解质和固态电解质）的研究进展，主要是介绍如何提高液态电解质的性能和固态电解质的性能。对液态电解质主要是电化学稳定性的提高，而对固态电解质则包括对离子电导率、电化学稳定、机械性能等的提高。虽然在锂离子电池中，对电池性能起决定作用的是电极材料，但只有对正、负极匹配合适的和性能好的电解质才能达到对锂离子电池性能的优化和提高。因而电解质性能的好坏对锂离子电池的性能有重要的影响。     

锂离子电池聚合物电解质的研发与挑战

锂离子电池因具有能量密度高、输出电压高、循环寿命长和自放电率低等优点而在化学电源领域备受关注,高性能锂离子电池被认为是未来储能器件的发展方向。电解质是锂离子电池必不可少的组成部分,不仅在正负电极之间起着传导电流和输运离子的作用,而且在很大程度上决定了电池的工作机制,是电池比能量、安     

聚合物电解质离子电导率的影响因素

聚合物电解质具有质轻、粘弹性好、优良的安全性能和加工性能等许多无机电解质和有机溶剂电解质所不可比拟的优点，在微型移动电源领域有着广泛的应用前景。但由于室温电导率低，应用受到限制。综述了聚合物电解质的离子传导机制以及室温电导率的影响因素。     

锂离子电池用有机电解液和聚合物电解质的研究进展

从导电锂盐、有机溶剂和添加剂三个方面详细综述了锂离子电池用有机电解液的研究进展。同时针对聚合物电解质的组成、结构和性能的差异，将其分为四类，阐述了它们的优缺点及其在锂离子电池中的应用与研究进展。最后展望了电解质的发展前景。     

Research Progresses of Liquid Electrolytes in Lithium-Ion Batteries

In recent years, the rapid development of modern society is calling for advanced energy storage to meet the growing demands of energy supply and generation. As one of the most promising energy storage systems, secondary batteries are attracting much attention. The electrolyte is an important part of the secondary battery, and its composition is closely related to the electrochemical performance of the secondary batteries. Lithium-ion battery electrolyte is mainly composed of solvents, additives, and lithium salts, which are prepared according to specific proportions under certain conditions and according to the needs of characteristics. This review analyzes the advantages and current problems of the liquid electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) from the mechanism of action and failure mechanism, summarizes the research progress of solvents, lithium salts, and additives, analyzes the future trends and requirements of lithium-ion battery electrolytes, and points out the emerging opportunities in advanced lithium-ion battery electrolytes development.     

Single-Ion Polymer Electrolyte Based on Lithium-Rich Imidazole Anionic Porous Aromatic Framework for High Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries

The low ionic conductivity and Li⁺ transference number ($t_{L{i}^{+}}$) of solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) seriously hinder their application in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In this study, a novel single-ion lithium-rich imidazole anionic porous aromatic framework (PAF-220-Li) is designed. The abundant pores in PAF-220-Li are conducive to the Li⁺ transfer. Imidazole anion has low binding force with Li⁺. The conjugation of imidazole and benzene ring can further reduce the binding energy between Li⁺ and anions. Thus, only Li⁺ moved freely in the SPEs, remarkably reducing the concentration polarization and inhibiting lithium dendrite growth. PAF-220-quasi-solid polymer electrolyte (PAF-220-QSPE) is prepared through solution casting of Bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide lithium (LiTFSI) infused PAF-220-Li and Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)(PVDF-HFP), and possessed excellent electrochemical performance. The electrochemical property are further improved by preparing all-solid polymer electrolyte (PAF-220-ASPE) via pressing-disc method, which has a high Li⁺ conductivity of 0.501 mS cm⁻¹ and $t_{L{i}^{+}}$ of 0.93. The discharge specific capacity at 0.2 C of Li//PAF-220-ASPE//LFP reached 164 mAh g⁻¹, and the capacity retention rate is 90% after 180 cycles. This study provided a promising strategy for SPE with single-ion PAFs to achieve high-performance solid-state LIBs.     

Lithium-Ion Battery Separators for Ionic-Liquid Electrolytes: A Review

Ionic liquids (ILs) are widely studied as a safer alternative electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries. The properties of IL electrolytes compared to conventional electrolytes make them more thermally stable, but they also have poor wetting with commercial separators. In a lithium-ion battery, the electrolyte should completely wet out the separator and electrodes to reduce the cell internal resistance. Investigations of cell materials with IL electrolytes have shown that the wetting issues in IL–electrolyte cells are most likely due to poor separator compatibility, not electrode compatibility. A compatible separator must be developed before IL electrolytes can be used in commercial lithium-ion batteries. Herein, separators for IL electrolytes, including commercial and novel separators, are reviewed. Separators with different processing methods, polymers, additives, and different IL electrolytes are considered. Collated, the separator studies show a strong correlation between ionic conductivity and membrane porosity, even more than the electrolyte type. The challenge of a suitable separator for IL electrolytes is not solved yet. Herein, it is revealed that a separator for IL electrolytes will most likely require a combination of high thermal and mechanical stability polymer, ceramic additives, and an optimized manufacturing process.     

Advanced Composite Solid Electrolytes for Lithium Batteries: Filler Dimensional Design and Ion Path Optimization

Composite solid electrolytes are considered to be the crucial components of all-solid-state lithium batteries, which are viewed as the next-generation energy storage devices for high energy density and long working life. Numerous studies have shown that fillers in composite solid electrolytes can effectively improve the ion-transport behavior, the essence of which lies in the optimization of the ion-transport path in the electrolyte. The performance is closely related to the structure of the fillers and the interaction between fillers and other electrolyte components including polymer matrices and lithium salts. In this review, the dimensional design of fillers in advanced composite solid electrolytes involving 0D–2D nanofillers, and 3D continuous frameworks are focused on. The ion-transport mechanism and the interaction between fillers and other electrolyte components are highlighted. In addition, sandwich-structured composite solid electrolytes with fillers are also discussed. Strategies for the design of composite solid electrolytes with high room temperature ionic conductivity are summarized, aiming to assist target-oriented research for high-performance composite solid electrolytes.     

Intermolecular Chemistry in Solid Polymer Electrolytes for High‐Energy‐Density Lithium Batteries

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) have aroused wide interest in lithium batteries because of their sufficient mechanical properties, superior safety performances, and excellent processability. However, ionic conductivity and high‐voltage compatibility of SPEs are still yet to meet the requirement of future energy‐storage systems, representing significant barriers to progress. In this regard, intermolecular interactions in SPEs have attracted attention, and they can significantly impact on the Li⁺ motion and frontier orbital energy level of SPEs. Recent advances in improving electrochemcial performance of SPEs are reviewed, and the underlying mechanism of these proposed strategies related to intermolecular interaction is discussed, including ion–dipole, hydrogen bonds, π–π stacking, and Lewis acid–base interactions. It is hoped that this review can inspire a deeper consideration on this critical issue, which can pave new pathway to improve ionic conductivity and high‐voltage performance of SPEs.     

Ni/MH电池用聚合物电解质改性机理及其研究进展

聚合物电解质具有负极腐蚀小、安全、易加工等优点,在镍氢电池中具有较高的应用价值,但综合性能仍未达到实用要求,改性是提高其性能的主要手段.从基体结构的改性、掺加无机填料、碱性成分的选择等方面综述了聚合物电解质的改性机理及研究进展,并对各改性方法进行了分析比较,同时展望了聚合物Ni/MH电池的应用前景.     

固体高聚物电解质研究进展

介绍了固体高聚物电解质（Solid Polymer Electrolytes,简称SPE）的研究进展，主要涉及固体高聚物电解质的发展状况，研究热点，性能改善的几点方法等。同时，对SPE未来的研究进行了展望。     

超级电容器电解质研究进展

电解质作为超级电容器的重要组成部分,对器件性能起着关键性作用。本文对近些年来超级电容器各种电解质,包括水系、有机液体、离子液体、固态/准固态聚合物电解质和氧化还原体系电解质的特点和最新研究成果进行了描述;重点介绍了固态/准固态聚合物电解质的分类及其性能研究概况。提出了发展电位窗口宽、离子电导率高、电化学性能稳定的离子液体和机械强度等综合性能优良的凝胶聚合物电解质是将来超级电容器电解质发展领域的趋势,最后对超级电容器电解质的发展前景进行了展望。