医用不锈钢的细胞膜仿生表面修饰

利用2-（甲基丙烯酰氧基）乙基-2-（三甲基氨基）乙基磷酸酯（MPC）与316L不锈钢表面上γ-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷（KH550）的Michael加成反应,将MPC化学接枝到不锈钢的表面．修饰表面的XPS结果证实了MPC的成功接枝,表明在不锈钢表面构建了仿细胞膜表面．体外血小板粘附实验显示,修饰表面具有明显阻抗血小板的粘附、聚集和激活性能,并具有良好的血液相容性．     

聚磷腈接枝官能团的光电性能

合成了3种以聚磷腈为主链,接枝不同官能团的非线性化合物,分别是对硝基苯胺接枝苯酚聚磷腈、2,4-二硝基苯胺接枝苯酚聚磷腈、2,4-二硝基苯胺接枝咔唑聚磷腈,对3种化合物进行光电性能测试,含咔唑聚磷腈接枝2,4-二硝基苯胺的光电导率和电光系数是较大的。通过探索官能团结构与聚磷腈光电性能间的关系,为实验设计合成新的非线性材料提供理论支持。     

TMAH改性聚偏氟乙烯一步法接枝聚PSPMA膜的制备和性能

使用四甲基氢氧化铵(TMAH)甲醇溶液改性聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)一步法接枝聚(3-磺酸丙基甲基丙烯酸)(PSPMA),制备了聚偏氟乙烯接枝聚(3-磺酸丙基甲基丙烯酸)PVDF-g-PSPMA膜。使用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和能谱扫描电镜(SEM-EDX)表征了膜的结构、形貌和硫元素分布,并使用电化学综合测试仪和气相色谱仪研究了TMAH对PVDF-g-PSPMA膜电导率和甲醇渗透率的影响。结果表明,TMAH使PVDF脱HF产生碳碳双键并将PSPMA成功接枝到聚偏氟乙烯上,硫元素在膜内外分布均匀。随着TMAH在甲醇溶液中含量的提高PVDF-g-PSPMA膜的质子电导率和甲醇渗透率随之提高;TMAH含量为20%时,膜电导率达到8.39×10-2S·cm~(-1)、甲醇渗透率为8.92×10-7cm~2·s~(-1)。热重分析(TGA)的结果表明,膜的热稳定性良好,耐热温度高达270℃。使用该膜作为电解质材料的直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFC),其功率密度达到18.87 mW·cm~(-2)。     

悬浮法制得PP-g-HEMA结晶性能的研究

由悬浮法制得聚丙烯接枝甲基丙烯酸β羟乙酯（ＨＥＭＡ），用示差扫描量热计（ＤＳＣ）、广角Ｘ射线衍射（ＷＡＸＤ）、结晶速率仪、偏光显微镜对接枝物的结晶性能进行了定性、定量表征，比较了接枝前后聚合物结晶形态的变化。     

pH敏感型甲基丙烯酸接枝聚偏氟乙烯微滤膜的制备和表征

以强碱、强氧化剂溶液对聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)微孔滤膜表面极化改性后,用自由基聚合的方法将α-甲基丙烯酸接枝到PVDF微孔滤膜表面,得到pH值敏感型微孔滤膜.结果表明:接枝率确定的情况下,水通量随着被过滤溶液pH值的变化而明显变化;接枝率的逐步升高,水通量呈现先增大后减小的趋势.接枝膜经扫描电子显微镜和原子力显微镜测试表明,接枝膜表面孔数减少,孔径变小,并且观察到孔内有絮状物,证明接枝甲基丙烯酸的存在.为了兼顾改性膜的水通量和pH值敏感性能,需要将膜的接枝率控制在1.9%～6.1%之间.     

聚硅氧烷-g-聚丙烯酸酯乳液接枝共聚的研究

以含活性点的聚硅氧烷为主链,以丙烯醚丁酯（ＢＡ）、甲基丙烯酸甲醌（ＭＭＡ）为接枝单体,通过乳液接枝共聚合合成了聚硅氧烷－ｇ－聚丙烯酸酯接枝共聚物,通过对产物的分离过程,红外光谱和核磁共振谱分析,对接枝物进行了表征,研究了加料方式、乳化剂用量、引发剂用量、反应温度和用配比等对单体转化率、接枝效率和交联度的影响;研究了部分工艺的乳液的粒子形态。     

二醋酸纤维素接枝聚己内酯的制备及性能研究

以二醋酸纤维素（CDA）为接枝骨架，己内酯（ε-CL）为接枝单体，制备了二醋酸纤维素／聚己内酯接枝共聚物（CDA-g-PCL），研究了不同原料比对产物结构和性能的影响，利用IR、WAXD、DSC对共聚物进行了表征。对CDA-g-PCL接枝共聚物膜进行了生物降解性能的研究，结果显示，共聚物可发生降解；且无定形产物降解性能优于部分结晶产物。     

微波辅助制备接枝阳离子淀粉及其理化性能研究

以阳离子玉米淀粉(CS)为原料,丙烯酰胺(AM)、甲基丙烯酸-β-羟乙酯(HEMA)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为单体在微波场中进行接枝共聚,制备出接枝阳离子淀粉(GCS)。通过FT-IR、SEM和XRD对产物的结构进行了表征,系统研究了产物的理化特性,并测试了其粘附性能。结果表明,经微波辐射接枝变性,GCS理化性能改善:淀粉结晶度降低,团粒结构弱化,水合能力增强;特性粘度与表观粘度下降,流变性能改善。GCS对涤棉纤维粘附性提高,克服了PVA对疏水性合成纤维粘附力不足的缺陷。深入探讨了淀粉理化特性对其浆用性能的影响机理。     

二异氰酸酯增容聚甲基乙撑碳酸酯/埃洛石纳米管共混复合材料

在聚甲基乙撑碳酸酯/埃洛石纳米管（PPC/HNT）共混体系中加入2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯（TDI）作为增容剂,通过熔融共混的方法制备了一系列复合材料,并用万能试验机、热重分析仪（TG）及扫描电子显微镜（SEM）研究了复合材料的力学性能、热性能及微观形貌。结果表明,2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯的加入使复合材料的拉伸强度得到明显提...     

水性聚苯胺/叔氟丙烯酸酯复合防腐涂层的制备及性能

为研究水性聚苯胺/叔氟丙烯酸酯（PANI/VFAc）复合涂层对Q235钢防腐蚀性能的影响,首先,以叔碳酸乙烯酯（Veova 10）和甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯（DFMA）为功能单体合成了VFAc乳液,并将其与PANI乳液混合后涂刷在Q235钢表面,制备了PANI/VFAc复合涂层;然后,采用TEM和FTIR对VFAc的结构进行了表征,采用XPS和接触角（CA）研究了复合涂层的表面性能,采用电化学方法研究了不同改性丙烯酸酯乳液对复合涂层防腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:PANI/VFAc复合涂层的水接触角为97.56°,湿附着力等级为0,涂层表现出较好的疏水性;其腐蚀电流密度为8.72×10-8 A·cm-2,电化学阻抗达到106 Ω·cm2。所得结论表明PANI/VFAc复合涂层对Q235钢具有良好的防腐蚀性能。      

A facile method for preparing CNT-grafted carbon fibers and improved tensile strength of their composites

Carbon nanotube (CNT)-grafted carbon fibers (CFs) have emerged as new reinforcements for improving the mechanical properties of CF-reinforced composites but such enhancement in macroscale composites has not been realized. This paper reports a facile method for preparing CNT-grafted CFs and improving the tensile strength of their composites. A CNT/polyacrylonitrile solution was sprayed onto the surface of the CF woven fabrics, and the CNTs were grafted by a thermal treatment at 300 °C. CNT-grafted CF composites were fabricated using the CNT-grafted CF woven fabrics using a vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding process with epoxy resin. The CNT-grafted CF composite exhibited 22% enhancement in the tensile strength compared to that of the pristine CF composite. Fracture surfaces of the CNT-grafted CF composites showed that the grafted CNTs obstructed the propagation of micro-cracks and micro-delamination around the CFs and also yarn boundaries, resulting in improved tensile strength of CNT-grafted CF composites.     

碳纳米管/ABS树脂基复合材料的力学性能和雷达波吸收性能的研究

采用竖式炉流动法制备的碳纳米管经液相阳极氧化表面处理后增强ABS热塑性工程塑料。复合材料的力学性能研究显示:碳纳米管的加入有效提高了复合材料的拉伸性能,但材料的耐冲击性能下降。当碳纳米管含量为12 wt%时,复合材料的拉伸强度由45.00 MPa提高到69.96 MPa,杨氏模量由0.75 GPa提高到1.93 GPa。对碳纳米管/ABS复合材料的反射系数测定表明:复合材料在一定频率范围内有雷达波吸收性能。     

回收ABS树脂的性能提升

分析了回收ABS树脂在使用过程中的老化机理,老化导致了橡胶相的损失、分子量的降低和相分离,表现为抗冲性能大幅下降,拉伸强度、弯曲模量及热变形温度和耐候性均有一定程度的下降.基于此,提出了高胶粉/无机纳米粒子复合改性方案,添加5%～8%的高胶粉和2%～3%无机纳米粒子,可以大幅提升回收ABS树脂的韧性,同时兼顾了材料的刚...     

Mechanical characteristics of oil palm fiber reinforced thermoplastics as filament for fused deposition modeling (FDM)

Fibers are increasingly in demand for a wide range of polymer composite materials. This study's purpose was the development of oil palm fiber (OPF) mixed with the thermoplastic material acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) as a composite filament for fused deposition modeling (FDM). The mechanical properties of this composite filament were then analyzed. OPF is a fiber extracted from empty fruit bunches, which has proved to be an excellent raw material for biocomposites. The cellulose content of OPF is 43%-65%, and the lignin content is 13%-25%. The composite filament consists of OPF (5%, mass fraction) in the ABS matrix. The fabrication procedure included alkalinizing, drying, and crushing the OPF to develop the composite. The OPF/ABS materials were prepared and completely blended to acquire a mix of 250 g of the material for the composition. Next, the FLD25 filament extrusion machine was used to form the OPF/ABS composite into a wire. This composite filament then was used in an FDM-based 3D printer to print the specimens. Finally, the printed specimens were tested for mechanical properties such as tensile and flexural strength. The results show that the presence of OPF had increased the tensile strength and modulus elasticity by approximately 1.9% and 1.05%, respectively. However, the flexural strength of the OPF/ABS composite had decreased by 90.6% compared with the virgin ABS. Lastly, the most significant outcome of the OPF/ABS composite was its suitability for printing using the FDM method.The full text can be downloaded at https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs40436-019-00287-w.pdf     

阴离子聚合尼龙6/ABS合金的制备与性能

采用缩二脲（HDI）封端端羟基丁腈橡胶预聚物,制备大分子橡胶改性活化剂,以氢氧化钠为催化剂,选择不同配比的ABS树脂加入熔融己内酰胺单体中,确定聚合温度为160℃~180℃,通过阴离子聚合制得ABS/尼龙6（PA6）共混物。在原位合成ABS改性尼龙体系中,以橡胶改性剂作为ABS与尼龙的相容剂,当ABS用量为m（ABS）...     

石墨烯微片表面接枝PMMA及其环氧树脂复合材料性能

利用石墨烯微片（GNPs）表面羟基与硅烷偶联剂反应,并通过原子转移自由基聚合（ATRP）方法在GNPs表面接枝了聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）。应用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、红外光谱和X射线衍射方法分析了化学接枝前后GNPs的微观结构变化。将接枝PMMA的GNPs加入环氧树脂中,研究其对环氧树脂力学性能与尺寸稳定性的影响。研究结果表明,与原始GNPs相比,表面接枝PMMA的GNPs对环氧树脂力学性能的增强作用更明显。添加质量分数为0.5%的GNPs-PMMA可以使环氧树脂拉伸强度和模量分别提高17.4%和75%,弯曲强度和模量也分别增加了6%和12%,同时可以使环氧树脂在低于玻璃化转变温度的线性热膨胀系数（CTE）降低25%。     

PB-g-SAN接枝共聚物的接枝率对ABS树脂结构与性能的影响

采用种子乳液聚合技术在聚丁二烯(PB)乳胶粒子上接枝共聚单体苯乙烯(St)和丙烯腈(AN),通过改变PB的含量合成了一系列具有不同接枝率的PB-g-SAN接枝共聚物(即ABS接枝共聚物),将其与SAN树脂进行熔融共混制得ABS树脂,考察了ABS接枝共聚物的接枝率对ABS树脂结构和性能的影响。结果表明,SAN共聚物在PB橡胶粒子上的接枝可分为‘内接枝’和‘外接枝’,外接枝程度影响PB橡胶粒子在SAN基体中的分散,而内接枝程度显著地影响PB橡胶粒子的内部形态结构。通过抑制内接枝,可提高ABS树脂的冲击韧性和拉伸强度;提高外接枝程度可改善ABS树脂的断裂伸长率。     

Functionalization of multi-wall carbon nanotubes with silane and its reinforcement on polypropylene composites

Multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were functionalized with a silane coupling agent. The MWCNTs were first coated with inorganic silica by a sol–gel process and then grafted with 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (3-MPTS). The grafting of 3-MPTS onto the MWCNTs surface was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectra. Polypropylene (PP) composites filled with raw MWCNTs and functionalized MWCNTs were prepared and characterized. The PP/3-MPTS functionalized MWCNTs composite has higher tensile strength than the PP/raw MWCNTs composite. This is explained by the organic groups of 3-MPTS grafted onto the surface of MWCNTs.     

纳米CaCO3复合微粒增韧增强PC/ABS合金

经甲基丙烯酸甲酯和丙烯酸丁酯双单体聚合包覆的纳米碳酸钙形成了核壳结构增韧复合微粒。在双螺杆挤出机中采用二次挤出法制备出PC/ABS/纳米碳酸钙复合材料。研究纳米碳酸钙复合微粒对PC/ABS合金力学性能的影响表明:添加适量纳米CaCO3复合微粒,PC/ABS合金的缺口冲击强度和拉伸强度都得到提高。纳米CaCO3复合微粒具有无机纳米颗粒和弹性体双重协同增韧的作用,其表面的聚合物分子链与基体树脂起到嵌段增容作用。     

Mode I and mode II delamination properties of glass/vinyl-ester composite toughened by particulate modified interlayers

Various vinyl-ester (VE)/poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) (ABS) blends were used for interlayer-toughening of a glass/VE composite to increase delamination resistance of the base material under mode I and mode II loading. Dry ABS powder was mixed with the liquid resin in four weight ratios: 3.5, 7, 11 and 15 phr (parts per hundred parts of resin) while the layer thickness was varied within the range of 150–500 μm. Firstly, mode I fracture toughness and tensile properties of the VE/ABS blends were assessed. By using the Raman Spectroscopy technique a chemical reaction was discovered which occurred during ABS–VE mixing: i.e. butadiene transition from the ABS particles to the VE. A butadiene saturation was discovered to occur in the VE beyond 7% ABS particle content. Both mode I and mode II fracture toughness were significantly improved with application of the interlayers. Mode I fracture toughness was found to be a function of layer thickness and particle content variations. The latter dominated G_Ic after the saturation point. On the other hand mode II fracture toughness was found to be independent of the layer thickness (within the used layer thickness range) and only moderately influenced by the particle content. Important Toughening mechanisms were plastic deformation and micro-cracking of the layer materials. Evidence of both mechanisms has been found using optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).