PMMA/SiO_2-TiO_2杂化纤维的制备与表征

以正硅酸乙酯和钛酸四丁酯为前驱体,乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷为偶联剂,采用溶胶凝胶原位聚合法制备了聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/二氧化硅-二氧化钛(PMMA/SiO2-TiO2)杂化溶胶,陈化后用提拉法制得杂化纤维。研究了溶胶的杂化反应机理;使用红外光谱(IR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外-可见光谱(UV-Vis)、荧光光谱(FL)和热重分析(TGA)分析了杂化纤维的结构与性能。结果表明,PMMA与SiO2-TiO2之间通过化学键连接;纤维直径为150μm,在纤维内部有机无机相间形成均一的连续相;TiO2的引入增加了其抗紫外性;杂化纤维具有荧光性能;其耐热性能优于纯PMMA。     

PEG/SiO2-TiO2杂化纤维的制备与表征

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和钛酸四丁酯(TBT)为无机前驱体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了PEG/SiO2-TiO2杂化溶胶,通过提拉法制得杂化纤维,并对其进行了简单表征.结果表明,随钛硅物质的量比的增加或有机相质量的增加,溶胶的可纺性变好;有机相与无机相之间通过化学键连接;纤维直径为40μm左右;TiO2的引入增强了其抗紫外性,杂化纤维的耐热性优于纯PEG.     

PEG大分子硅氧烷制备药物缓释杂化纳米纤维膜

采用Jones试剂对聚乙二醇(PEG)进行修饰并合成端基为-Si(OEt)3的PEG大分子硅氧烷,将其与TiO2溶胶进行共水解缩合,制得PEG/SiO2-TiO2杂化纺丝液。在杂化纺丝液中加入头孢唑啉钠,经静电纺丝法制备载药杂化纳米纤维膜。对杂化电纺纤维膜的结构与形态进行了表征,并研究了其药物释放性能。红外光谱(FT-IR)研究了PEG大分子硅氧烷合成机理和产物结构;扫描电镜(SEM)照片显示,纳米纤维的平均直径约为115 nm,载药纳米纤维平均直径约为130 nm;紫外可见光(UV-Vis)光谱分析表明,载药纤维的初期释放速度较快,随时间推移释放速率逐渐降低,具有良好的药物缓释性能。     

静电纺丝法制备SiO2纳米纤维及其形貌的调控

一维SiO2纳米纤维以其独特的长径比,优异的力学性能以及热学性能,广泛应用于分离、催化以及传感器领域。以高压静电纺丝技术为基础,结合无模板剂的溶胶-凝胶法合成了直径均匀、连续无裂痕的SiO2纳米纤维。研究表明,合成的SiO2纳米纤维形貌良好,直径约为0.5～3μm,为无定形结构。通过改变陈化时间,调整凝胶的粘稠度,从而控制电纺SiO2的形貌与结构,得到了SiO2碗状结构和不同直径的纳米纤维,证明了利用无模板的溶胶-凝胶法静电纺丝的可行性。     

Nylon6-TiO_2杂化超细纤维的制备与表征

采用静电纺丝法制备了Nylon6-TiO2及其杂化超细纤维无纺布。使用SEM、TEM和FTIR等方法探讨了其微观形貌、结构,并通过抗菌性能方法验证其抗菌性能与不同金属离子掺杂Nylon6-TiO2纤维膜的关系。结果表明：Ag＋的掺杂可改善电纺纤维的形貌特征,使纤维尺寸均匀,珠状物减少;Cu2＋的掺杂降低了Nylon6-...     

纳米纯丙胶乳制备TiO2-SiO2杂化材料的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法制得的纳米TiO2-SiO2溶胶，与纳米级的纯丙微胶乳直接共混，制备了聚丙烯酸酯／TiO2—SiO2纳米复合胶乳。用红外光谱（FT—IR）、热重分析仪（TGA）和紫外-可见光谱仪（UV—Vis）分别表征了纳米复合胶膜的化学结构及形态、热学和光学性能。实验证实，该纳米杂化材料具有优异的紫外线屏蔽作用和热稳定性。     

PVA/SiO_2/TiO_2杂化纤维的制备与表征

采用溶胶-凝胶法以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和钛酸四丁酯(TBOT)为原料制备了SiO2/TiO2溶胶,并与PVA进行杂化,得到PVA/SiO2/TiO2杂化溶胶,陈化后用拉丝法制得PVA/SiO2/TiO2杂化纤维。研究了PVA和TBOT对杂化溶胶的黏度变化与成纤性能的影响,并对杂化纤维的性能进行了测试。用FT-IR、EDS、XRD和TG对制得的纤维进行了表征。结果表明,PVA有利于改善杂化溶胶的成纤性能,随钛含量增加杂化溶胶的黏度变化速度加快;杂化纤维中各组分分布较为均匀,通过杂化限制了PVA的结晶并改善了PVA的耐热性能。     

PVA/SiO2杂化纤维的制备与表征

采用溶胶凝胶法制备了不同SiO2含量的PVA/SiO2杂化溶胶,通过拉丝得到杂化纤维。对溶胶的可纺性和杂化纤维的性能进行了研究。结果表明,SiO2溶胶与PVA/SiO2杂化溶胶在反应过程中的黏度变化规律相似,黏度均存在三个变化区间,随PVA含量的增加,杂化溶胶的可纺性能改善。FT-IR表明,杂化纤维中PVA与SiO2之间形成了化学键结合;XRD、DSC和光学显微分析表明,杂化使PVA结晶能力明显降低;热失重和耐溶剂研究表明,PVA与SiO2之间的化学键结合使杂化纤维具有良好的耐热性能。     

聚醋酸乙烯酯／二氧化硅杂化纳米纤维膜的制备与性能

采用溶胶一凝胶法将二氧化硅（SiO2）溶胶加入到聚醋酸乙烯酯（PVAc）的丙酮溶液中形成杂化纺丝液，测试了纺丝液的表面张力、粘度、电导率，再采用高压静电纺丝法制备了PVAC／SiO2杂化纳米纤维膜。结果表明，SiO2的加入改善了纳米纤维膜的形貌特征，膜的断裂强力增大，但断裂伸长率却有所降低，而膜的热稳定性也得到了提高。     

PMMA／SiO2杂化纤维的制备及表征

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和PMMA低聚体为原料,乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷(VTEOS)为偶联剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了PMMA/SiO2杂化溶胶,陈化后用提拉法制得PMMA/SiO2杂化纤维。研究了溶胶的杂化反应机理、成纤性能;使用IR、SEM、TGA及DSC分析了杂化纤维的结构与性能。结果表明,该杂化溶胶具有很好的拉丝性能,黏度为180 Pa.s~300 Pa.s时的成纤性能好,所制得的杂化纤维,其中PMMA与SiO2之间通过化学键连接,在纤维内部有机无机相间形成均一的连续相;其耐热性能优于纯PMMA。     

Effect of collector speed and flow rate on morphology of Er doped TiO2 nanofibers

The 0.5 mol% Er3+ doped TiO2 (Er(3+)-TiO2) nanofibers were synthesized by a sol-gel derived electrospinning and subsequent calcination for 3 h at 500 degrees C in air. The calcined fibers were examined to evaluate the effect of collector speed and flow rate on morphology of the fibers. The dynamic viscosity and surface tension of precursor solution were 34 cP and 22.7 mN/m, respectively. The Er(3+)-TiO2 nanofibers were electrospun horizontally on the drum rotated at 100-500 rpm and flow rate of 0.2-0.5 mL/h under a DC voltage of 10 kV. The grounded collector is a stainless mandrel placed 12 cm away from the tip of the needle. Beads were observed for the nanofibers prepared at flow rates from 0.2 mL/h to 0.5 mL/h when the collector speed was 100 rpm. The nanofibers increased in diameter slightly from 150 nm to 190 nm as the flow rate was raised from 0.2 mLh to 0.5 mL/h. No beads were found at the collector speed of above 300 rpm when the flow rate was 0.2 mL/h. The optimized flow rate and collector speed of the nanofibers were determined to be in the range of 0.2-0.3 mL/h and 300-400 rpm, respectively. Uniform, smooth and continuous fibers with diameters of 150 to 170 nm were detected. Crystallite size determined by the Scherrer formula was about 6 nm. It can be concluded that the collector speed and the flow rate are influential on the morphology of the Er(3+)-TiO2 nanofibers. The Er(3+)-TiO2 nanofibers, prepared at 0.2 mL/h and 300 rpm, had typical absorption peaks located at 490, 523 and 654 nm, corresponding to the transitions from 4I15/2 to 4F7/2, 2H11/2 and 4F9/2, respectively. The Er(3+)-TiO2 nanofibers showed enhanced photoresponses under visible light.     

复合半导体光催化材料ZnFe2O4-TiO2/SiO2结构与光响应性能研究

采用溶胶．凝胶法制备了负载型复合半导体光催化材料ZnFe2O4-TiO2／SiO2，并通过DTA-TG、XRD、XPS、Raman、TPR及UV-Vis DRS等实验技术对复合材料的晶体结构、表面组成及光响应性能进行了表征和评价．结果表明：ZnFe2O4晶相以高分散状态存在于光催化材料的表面；ZnFe2O4与TiO2复合可使部分Fe^3＋进入体相TiO2的晶格中，促进其由锐钛矿向金红石的相转变，同时表面剩余的少量Zn计聚集形成ZnO物相；TiO2的相变由体相开始，随着ZnFe2O4含量的增加逐渐向表面扩展；SiO2的加入使活性组分更加分散，TiO2平均粒径〈10nm；ZnFe2O4的加入明显拓宽了TiO2的吸光域，并增强了对可见光的吸收．     

Preparation and characterization of electrospun SiO2 nanofibers

The objective of this study was to prepare and characterize electrospun SiO2 nanofibers for composite (particularly dental composite) applications. We investigated (1) tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as the alkoxide precursor, (2) polyethylene oxide (PEO) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as the carrying polymers, (3) several solvents for making the spin dopes, and (4) the morphological and structural properties of the electrospun SiO2 nanofibers and their relationship with the pyrolysis temperatures. We also investigated the morphology durability of the prepared SiO2 nanofibers by subjecting them to vigorous ultrasonic vibrations. The results indicated that the uniform (beads-free) amorphous SiO2 nanofibers with an average diameter of approximately 500 nm were successfully prepared. These SiO2 nanofibers also retained their overall fiber morphology when subjected to vigorous ultrasonic vibrations. The electrospun SiO2 nanofibers were, therefore, nano-scaled glass (amorphous SiO2) fibers, and could be used for reinforcement of dental composites.     

静电纺丝技术制备NiOZnTiO3TiO2同轴三层纳米电缆及其形成机制

采用静电纺丝技术, 通过改进实验装置, 在最佳的纺丝条件下制备了 [Ni(CH₃COO)₂+PVP]-[Zn(CH₃COO)₂+PVP]-[Ti(OC₄H₉)₄+CH₃COOH+PVP] 前驱体复合电缆, 在600℃下将其进行热处理, 制备出了NiO-ZnTiO₃-TiO₂同轴三层纳米电缆。采用热重-差热 (TG-DTA)、 X射线衍射(XRD)、 傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等分析技术对样品进行了表征。对NiO-ZnTiO₃-TiO₂ 同轴三层纳米电缆的形成机制进行了讨论。结果表明, 所得产物为NiO-ZnTiO₃-TiO₂同轴三层纳米电缆。芯层为NiO, 直径大约为(42.024±4.405) nm; 中间层为ZnTiO₃, 厚度大约为(55.385±7.681) nm; 壳层为TiO₂, 厚度大约为(70.747±7.373) nm。      

气流电纺丝基夹心净化材料的制备与表征

纳米TiO2作为一种高效、无毒的光催化剂,在环保领域得到了广泛应用。其应用首先应考虑和解决的就是其有效负载问题。文中采用气流电纺法制备了TiO2/尼龙6(PA6)纳米复合纤维。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线能谱仪(EDX)和热重分析(TG)等技术手段对纤维形貌与结构进行了表征,并采用Shake Flask法对纤维抗菌性能进行了测试。结果表明,气流电纺纤维的平均直径在60 nm～65 nm之间,杀菌率最高可达99.74%。通过热压将此纤维制备成"夹心"式净化材料,其对1μm的PS微球的过滤效率可达99.50%。     

聚-DL/L-丙交酯(30DL/70L)纳米纤维的电纺研究

对生物可吸收聚-DL/L-丙交酯(30DL/70L)体系进行了静电纺丝.研究了聚-DL/L-丙交酯(30DL/70L)的浓度,加料速度,电压,喷头与接收体之间的距离等因素对纤维形态的影响,制备出纳米纤维膜,并用扫描电镜(SEM)等对纤维膜进行表征.结果表明,电纺溶液浓度和溶剂对纤维直径影响比较明显,减小电纺溶液浓度和采用复合溶剂CHCl3/DMF可得到更细的纳米纤维;一定范围内适当的增加电压、减小距离和减小加料速度有利于减小纤维直径.在聚-DL/L-丙交酯(30DL/70L)浓度为5g/100mL溶剂、加料速度1mL/h、喷头与接收体之间的距离6cm、电压15kV电纺条件下,可制备直径50nm左右的聚-DL/L-丙交酯(30DL/70L)纳米纤维膜.     

Synthesis of ultrafine lanthanum ferrite (LaFeO3) fibers via electrospinning

Ultrafine one-dimensional LaFeO₃ nanofibers were synthesized by electrospinning utilizing sol-gel precursors. The surface morphology, microstructure and crystal structure were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The nanofibers with smaller diameter were continuous and uniformly distributed. Typical fiber diameter was between 180 nm and 220 nm and the average diameter was 200 nm. The fibers consisted of many single-crystal LaFeO₃ grains and the grain size was about 20-50 nm. The relationship between the diameter of as-synthesized fibers and the PVP concentration of the precursor was investigated. The experimental results indicated that the PVP concentration had a great impact on the fiber size and 5.89 wt.% PVP concentration in sol-gel precursors was advantageous to the formation of more uniform electrospun composite fibers with smaller diameter.     

层层组装技术制备纳米级TiO2/聚电解质复合中空纤维催化剂

采用静电纺丝技术和层层组装技术制备了聚电解质/TiO2复合中空纳米纤维膜.通过控制PS纤维模板直径和吸附层数,TiO2中空纤维的直径和壁厚得到了很好的控制.在光催化降解乙醛性能实验中,TiO2中空纤维具有比P25更好的光催化性能.