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关于确定秦山核电厂(一期工程)烟羽应急计划区大小的建议 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
本文按照国际上划分应急计划区的一般原则,参考美国建立烟羽应急计划区的具体准则和方法,结合我国国情和秦山核电厂厂址的环境特征与事故释放特征,在对假想事故释放的预期剂量和相应的干预水平进行比较后,建议将秦山核电厂(一期工程)的烟羽应急计划区分为内区和外区。内区半径为3—5km,制定有撤离计划;外区半径为7—10km,一般不考虑采取撤离措施。 相似文献
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浮动式核电厂烟羽应急计划区划分 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
介绍了小型堆应急计划区划分研究现状,在此基础上对比分析了浮动式核电厂ACP100S和AP1000核电厂在相同事故序列下裂变产物向环境的释放份额,选取具有包络性的事故源项,对ACP100S应急计划区进行了初步分析计算。结果表明:在相同的事故序列条件下,ACP100S和AP1000向环境的释放份额相差不大,但ACP100S堆芯积存量较小,因此ACP100S向环境释放源项也较小;在500m范围内,2d及7d有效剂量与7d甲状腺剂量均不超过相应的干预水平,由此可知ACP100S的烟羽应急计划区可划至500m的厂址边界,从而取消厂外应急。 相似文献
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小型堆烟羽应急计划区(EPZ)大小作为其市场推广和应用的重要外部约束条件之一,意味着制定合适的划分准则和确立其大小范围具有十分重大的意义。结合现行大堆烟羽应急计划区(EPZ)的划分准则,本文分析了国内外小型堆烟羽应急计划区(EPZ)划分方法,提出陆上小型堆采用剂量/距离的划分方法。在研究中,基于MAAP程序对某小型堆进行建模计算,从中得出了较为合理的机理性应急源项;并通过大气扩散计算软件MACCS程序进行烟羽应急计划区(EPZ)计算;同时对厂址差异进行相关的灵敏性分析。 相似文献
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美国开发出一种处置放射性废液的新方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
【美国物理学组织网站2006年2月22日报道】美国宾夕法尼亚州立大学和萨凡纳河国家实验室已开发出一种将某些低放废液处理成固化体以便安全处置的新方法。有关这种新方法的研究结果已被刊登在《美国陶瓷协会杂志》上。这一新工艺利用低温(≤90℃)凝固法来稳定高碱性、低活度的放射性废液,即将废液转化为惰性固化体。科学家们将最终的固化体称作“hydroceramic”(一种素烧多孔陶瓷)。他们称,最终的固化体硬度非常大,性质稳定持久,能够将放射性核素固定在其沸石结构中。这种制备过程类似于自然界中岩石的形成过程。美国能源部(DOE)在华盛顿州… 相似文献
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【西德《原子与电流))1980年第1期报道】据碳化物联合公司报道,他们研究的一种吸附放射性惰性气体(如氪、氙等)的方法获得成功。这种方法能用于流动性的去污站。它是一种化学吸附法。用这种方法可 相似文献
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本文得到了过程e~ e→J/ψ→γB(J~η)、B(J~η)→P_1P_2的矩的光子角分布,提供了确定ξ(2230) 自旋的新途径。 相似文献
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Naoki Zushi Yuki Ikeda Fuminobu Sato Yushi Kato Toshiyuki Iida 《Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology》2013,50(7):663-666
A simple and convenient system with imaging plates (IPs) was well constructed for the radioactivity examination of soil contaminated with radioactive caesium. A set of two IP strips was vacuum-sealed with thin polyethylene film to prevent the IP strips from direct contacting soil and from being moisturized. In the examination of radioactive soil, a stainless steel pipe including this IP strip monitor was put into the ground and then it was kept in a lead container after being pulled out of the ground for the reduction of the surrounding gamma-ray background. In addition, a sensitive reader was well made for the measurement of the photostimulated luminescence through the scanning of a laser beam on the IP strip. It was confirmed from experiments on actual radioactive-caesium-contaminated soil that the IP strip monitor with the reader effectively detected beta-rays from radioactive caesium and could be satisfactorily used for the examination of radioactive soil. 相似文献
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目前,用于分光光度法测定微量钍的显色剂不少,常用的有钍试剂、偶氮胂Ⅰ、偶氮胂羧、偶氮胂Ⅲ和偶氮氯膦Ⅲ。其中偶氮胂Ⅲ为最常用的显色剂,该显色剂只有在中等酸度下测钍才具有较高的灵敏度。其它显色剂在低酸介质中测钍时灵敏度并不理想。偶氮氯膦-mA是由上海师大于1979年首先合成并应用于稀土元素分析的新型显色剂,它为深紫红色结晶粉末,易溶于水,在酸性介质中与钍形成蓝紫色络合物,其结构式如下: 相似文献
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Nidal Dwaikat Mousa El-hasan Wataru Kada Yushi Kato Toshiyuki Iida 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms》2010,268(20):3351-3355
A fast and simple method for the determination of the efficiency coefficient (η) of bare CR-39 detector is presented and discussed. The efficiency coefficient of bare CR-39 detector is then calculated by different ways and the obtained values are found to be comparable to each other. The average value of η of bare CR-39 is found to be 0.20 ± 0.01 tracks cm−2 day−1 per Bq m−3. 相似文献
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L. Bennun E.D. Greaves 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms》2009,267(15):2532-2537
A method for thickness determination of thin amalgamable metallic films by total-reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) is presented. The peak’s intensity in TXRF spectra are directly related to the surface density of the sample, i.e. to its thickness in a homogeneous film. Performing a traditional TXRF analysis on a thin film of an amalgamated metal, and determining the relative peak intensity of a specific metal line, the layer thickness can be precisely obtained. In the case of gold thickness determination, mercury and gold peaks overlap, hence we have developed a general data processing scheme to achieve the most precise results. 相似文献
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The ambiguity of the structure of ~(12)Be especially in the configuration of Be ground state has attracted a lot of attention recently.We notice that the nuclear reaction cross section or at low energy region is sensitive to the surface structure of ~(12)Be,which is greatly impacted by the ground state configuration of ~(12)Be especially by the occupancy probability of the s orbital component.By using existed interaction cross section data of ~(12)Be on C at 790 MeV/nucleon and Glauber model,the upper limit of the s orbital occupation probability of ~(12)Be ground state is roughly determined to be about 56%with Single Particle Model calculations.This demonstrates that the method is very promising to determine the s orbital component of ~(12)Be with proper nuclear-matter density distribution calculations for different orbitals of ~(12)Be ground state.Hence we bring forward to determine the s orbital component of ~(12)Be by measuring the ctr of ~(12)Be on C and Al at several tens of MeV/nucleon.In this paper,the feasibility and detailed experimental scheme of the ctr measurement are carefully studied.The precision of the s orbital occupation probability of ~(12)Be ground state is expected to achieve 9%by using the proposed 2%ctr data. 相似文献