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本文回顾了一个英国主要城市的衰退和复兴经验,以期发现适合于中国东北城市的一般性政策.格拉斯哥早先发展为一个面向出口市场的重工业综合体,由于严重的失业和随之而来的社会问题,其经济在20世纪60至80年代出现了表退.通过在一定范围内针对人、地点和企业发展三大关键要素采取的行动已取得了一定成效,这些努力包括经济结构转型、地方企业的现代化、吸引国内投资、劳动力再培训、扭转物质性退化和废弃、提升住房质量、改善周边环境以及投资交通和其他基础设施等.对于地方当局来说,没有中央政府切实而长期的支持要完成这些任务是十分艰难的. 相似文献
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本研究比较了美国1950~1960年代的城市更新运动与中国从1980年代开始的内城再开发计划。研究发现这两项计划都运用了政府权力和津贴补助,以使大规模的私人或准私人投资在改进居住条件的名义下具有吸引力。作者谨慎地将Logan和Molotch的“增长联盟“概念应用到中国的实际情况中.并声称“增长机器”已经在中国的经济分散化过程中形成。尽管美国的城市更新运动与中国的内城再开发有一些相似之处.城市更新运动是一项命运坎坷的联邦计划,地方政府和中心区商界利益团体合作推进衰退的内城发展,内城与迅速增长的郊区处在竞争中。不同的是,中国的再开发则是由渐渐兴起的地方精英通过分散国营力量来推动的.他们借此在上升的房地产市场中追逐高速增长。本文的比较分析还汇集了对于城市再开发的更多见解。 相似文献
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创造城市工业再发展新空间的机制与途径──就老工业基地改造的思考 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
城市工业的衰退是工业化历史悠久的城市和国家都要经历的阶段.由于城市化和工业化在发展之初存在着高度相互促进关系,城市工业的衰退不可避免地给城市社会、经济、环境带来一系列负面影响.在我国,工业发展又存在粗放生产、外部不经济、结构调整滞后等问题,严重地阻碍了城市健康地向前发展.因此,应寻求城市工业再发展空间,再度激发城市发展的工业源动力. 相似文献
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HelenCouclelis 《国外城市规划》2004,(4):78-78
文章为非专业人士介绍了基于网络的数字城市具有的与现实城市相似的各种特性和功能。数字城市的建设不仅仅是一个技术和操作层面上的议题,同时也涉及社会.文化、政治.意识形态以及宗教等各个领域。作者探讨了这些数字城市概念中涵盖的议题:城市的意识形态、城市结构和功能如何与数字城市找到交汇点?数字城市与实体城市的关系如何?数字城市应建立在什么基础上?城市对人们的意义究竟是什么?要回答这些相关联的问题.必须要建立一个系统的概念框架。通过对各种关于数字城市的实现方式、议题和批评进行较全面考察,作者初步建立了一个数字城市的理论,该理论建立在以下三个领域的结合处:实体城市地区,实体城市地区内的居住社区,以及建立信息社会的可能性和障碍(主要有技术障碍.社会经济障碍和意识形态的障碍)。最后,作者论述了这些理论对数字城市设计的意义。 相似文献
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由于经济快速发展.河南省的城市规模迅猛扩张.新区、新建筑等层出不穷,城市面貌,城市景观日新月异.比起20年前发生了翻天覆地的变化。在繁华的背后.又隐含着诸多不尽人意的地方。现就设计思路问题谈几点自己的认识,与各位同仁商讨。 相似文献
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Pedro Porfírio Coutinho Guimarães 《Urban Research & Practice》2017,10(3):350-366
To overcome the decline of the vitality and viability of town centres across several Western European cities, urban regeneration projects have been implemented. Despite their dissemination, there are shortcomings regarding the evaluation of the impacts produced by such projects. We aim to contribute to the existing literature on the subject by undertaking an evaluation of a retail-led urban regeneration project that was implemented in Lisbon’s historic centre. We conclude that although there were significant outputs, the project was not effective and did not manage to improve the viability of the area as an important commercial area of Lisbon. 相似文献
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曾经繁荣的港埠逐渐被废弃,其所处的城市滨水空间也呈现一派衰败景象,人们不愿接近它。该文从景观更新的概念,以使用者的视角,比较研究国内外相关实例的方法,提出港埠景观更新的原则及要素模型。以期望城市滨水空间重新充满生机并可持续发展。 相似文献
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台南运河是全台湾保存最完整的一条内陆运河,近年来由于沿岸地区产业结构的调整,航运功能逐渐淡化,沿岸地区也逐渐衰退.为了让运河再生并促进沿岸地区的复活.台南市政府着手对其进行更新.在更新规划中体现出来的复活机能构思、分段定位和面积控制等理念为其他滨水城市的更新规划提供了借鉴. 相似文献
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Over the last 50 years, 370 large cities worldwide have severely depopulated, or shrunk, by at least 10%. Johnstown, Pennsylvania, is the third fastest U.S. shrinking city. Primarily a victim of deindustrialization, Johnstown faces severe decline issues related to depopulation, including social disorder and lowered quality of life. This project develops a framework for urban design for shrinking cities, integrating permanent functions into high development potential areas but temporary functions into declining areas. This approach allows for future development to occur through time as the city recovers. Using a GIS-based weighted overlay model to assess the threat level of decline, 4 sites were identified and strategies for each were developed. Master plans to retrofit new functions integrating residents' desire and demands into vacant / abandoned properties were then generated for each site. Rather than chasing hefty attempted quick-hitting developmental incentives, this approach will bring new long-term economic engines and lifestyles to the city due to a diversity in the economic base; it also pays attention to the social dimension of urban regeneration by providing a structured way to promoting social justice and equity in shrinking cities. 相似文献
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Post-socialist context of culture-led urban regeneration – Case study of a street in Novi Sad,Serbia
《Cities》2019
In West European cities, culture has evolved to become a crucial ingredient of regeneration projects, in which stakeholders' cooperation is of utmost importance and economic and social benefits are often well balanced. In contrast, the majority of second-tier Central and East European cities, primarily non-holders of the European Capital of Culture title, still seem to struggle with clearly defining the relationship between culture and urban regeneration, precisely determining the responsibilities of the key actors and making the distinction between social and economic goals in regeneration projects. In this paper, the authors join the emerging discussion on the post-socialist context of culture-led regeneration through a case study of a street in the old core of Novi Sad, Serbia. In an effort to contribute to understanding various challenges that Serbian cities have been facing since the fall of communism, they seek to identify cultural effects of a very distinctive process of transition. They also investigate the interplay between the citizens' cultural preferences, visions of urbanity, private sector's interests and usage of urban space, and discuss the impacts of spontaneous utilization versus exploitation of space and culture. Furthermore, they analyse the outcomes of culture-led transformation conducted in the absence of cultural strategies and in-depth regeneration policies and marked by the laisser-faire attitude of the local authorities. Having completed the analysis, the authors propose the means for redefining the relationship between culture and regeneration in second-tier Serbian cities, yet also in other CEE cities of similar size, emphasizing the role of culture, responsibilities of the local authorities, significance of bottom-up approaches and relevance of place context. 相似文献
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城市更新是城市永恒的主题,城市更新的发展已经经历了近一个世纪的时间.基于历时性和地域性视角对世界范围内城市更新发展阶段进行了梳理,并对城市更新相关术语及内涵的演进进行分析,试图总结出城市更新概念和内涵的变迁,并得出城市更新在当今社会新的内涵,最后得出对于当今上海城市更新建设的启示. 相似文献
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转型期小城市旧城可持续再生的思考 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在分析当前我国小城市旧城再生的背景和意义之后,研究了转型期我国小城市旧城面临的独特问题。指出国内现有的城市更新理论是以大城市为中心的,忽略了小城市的特殊性。以此为基础,利用城市可持续再生的理论,对小城市旧城可持续再生的对策加以分析和研究。 相似文献
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第二次世界大战以来,相关的城市更新活动几乎贯穿了整个英国的城市发展。最近的一次高潮是从1980年代开始旨在解决内城衰落问题、重新赋予内城活力的城市复兴。从英国的城市复兴历史来看,中央政府一直都对其有所影响,并根据社会经济背景的变化进行改革,使之能够更好地适应社会的发展。本文将从城市政治经济的角度,分析1980年代以来英国城市复兴组织的演变和特征,以期对中国有所借鉴。总的来说,这一时期英国城市复兴组织的特征是合作和权力下放,可以大致分为两个阶段。第一阶段是1980年代至1990年代末,以城市开发公司的盛行和中央政府指导下的合作为特征;第二阶段是1990年代末至今.以授权地方、半官方机构进行管理为特征。 相似文献
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城镇衰落现象是城镇一个发展周期中由盛转衰的征兆,是一个复杂的变化过程,其特征、表现形式以及带来的影响等都因地域和诱发原因的不同而具有独特性。目前国内外的相关研究仍处于较为初步的阶段,尤其是我国,研究成果主要集中在宏观层面,缺乏微观的、分类型的专项研究。本文基于对城镇衰落现象研究脉络的梳理,选取特征鲜明的山地城镇作为研究对象,从地质生态变化的角度分析山地衰落城镇,探讨由地质生态变化而产生的山地城镇衰落现象的内在机制,并思索修复此类山地衰落城镇的方法,以期为山地城镇应对地质生态变化和城镇衰落等问题提供参考。 相似文献
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Gijsbert Hoogendoorn Gustav Visser Molefi Lenka Lochner Marais Deidre Van Rooyen Anita Venter 《Urban Forum》2008,19(2):159-174
Urban change has systematically been researched for more than a century. One of the key foci has been the Central Business
Districts (CBDs) of cities. The past decades has seen an extensive literature develop on CBD decline focusing on why such
decay sets in and which strategies, as well as policies, that might be deployed to stimulate the revitalisation of these areas.
The debates are, however, in the main developed within the context of large cities, whilst the geographical focus tends to
be on countries of the post-industrial north. In the South African context, a small, but nevertheless significant literature
has developed chronicling both CBD decline and subsequent revitalisation strategies deployed to reverse such decline. Similar
to the international experience, the focal point has been South Africa’s main metropolitan regions, whilst secondary cities
have remained beyond the investigatory focus. The aim of this paper was to provide an outline of the prospects and obstacles
that face CBD revitalisation in the secondary city of Bloemfontein. It is argued that whilst generic revitalisation programmes
in cities such as Cape Town and Johannesburg have seemingly stemmed further CBD decline, other strategies might be required
in secondary cities such as Bloemfontein.
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Gijsbert HoogendoornEmail: |