我国首条油菜籽脱皮冷榨生产线在湖北建成

2005年5月24日，武汉工业学院胡健华教授的科研项目——“油菜籽脱皮冷榨制纯天然油的方法”获得国家发明专利。同时，由该院与湖北嘉禾粮油有限公司合作，我国首条油菜籽脱皮冷榨生产线也在湖北建成。     

双低油菜籽冷榨浸出的产品质量及效益分析

双低油菜籽是优质的油料资源，为了进一步开发利用双低油菜籽资源，对双低油菜籽脱皮、调质、冷榨、浸出的产品质量和效益进行初步分析，其主要产品油和粕的质量好，附加值高，经济和社会效益显著。     

冷榨脱皮菜籽油氧化稳定性研究

油菜籽是我国最重要油料作物之一,冷榨脱皮菜籽油是绿色、无污染食用油脂产品。该研究采用Schaal烘箱加速法,以TBHQ、PG、VE为抗氧化剂、V_C为增效剂,及过氧化值为试验指标,研究光线、温度等对冷榨脱皮菜籽油抗氧化性能影响。结果表明,光线、温度对冷榨脱皮菜籽油氧化过程均有影响,且温度影响显著;TBHQ对冷榨脱皮菜籽油具有良好抗氧化效果,V_C具有协同增效作用,而PG和VE则无显著作用。     

油菜籽及其脱皮冷榨应力应变关系的神经网络模型

进行了单面渗流下油菜籽及其脱皮冷榨的应力、应变试验,研究了不同加载速率对应力、应变关系和出油量的影响,建立了基于BP神经网络的应力、应变关系模拟模型,对油菜籽及其脱皮单面渗流一维冷态压榨下的应力、应变关系进行了模拟.结果表明,在相同压榨应力下,加载速率对其应变关系和出油量的影响均较大,应变和出油量均随加载速率的减小而增加;脱皮油菜籽的应变大于未脱皮油菜籽的应变.BP神经网络模拟油菜籽的应力、应变是一种有效的方法.     

油菜籽加工技术研究进展

油菜籽是世界第三大油料,我国油菜籽种植面积和总产居世界首位。油菜籽是食用、饲用和能源用的重要原料,目前世界各国对油菜籽的高效加工利用技术均展开了广泛的研究。简要介绍了油菜籽脱皮冷榨膨化工艺技术,无有机溶剂油脂高效提取工艺技术,菜籽饼粕同步提取多酚、多糖、植酸和浓缩蛋白工艺技术,Burco食用菜籽蛋白制备技术等目前油菜籽加工技术研究的最新成果。     

油菜籽的现代加工技术

结合传统的油菜籽加工工艺，介绍了许多最近开发的新技术及其应用前景，如油菜籽的脱皮技术、微波与红外加热灭酶技术、挤压膨化取油和脱皮冷榨制油技术、水酶法提取菜籽油、菜籽蛋白粉和菜籽蜜的工艺、TOP全脱胶工艺以及通过连续离心吸附法从大量的溶液中除去少量杂质的中心吸附技术等。     

砂辊式油菜籽脱皮机的研制

油菜籽脱皮是生产冷榨菜籽油的一道关键工序。传统的齿辊式脱皮机在油菜籽脱皮过程中产生的粉末度较大,半仁和整仁率低,增加了皮仁分离难度,降低了原料利用率。所开发的砂辊式菜籽脱皮机通过一对砂辊,采用差速传动,在挤压、剪切和摩擦力的综合作用下,实现油菜籽快速脱皮。与传统的菜籽脱皮机效果相比,这种新型的菜籽脱皮机的脱皮率可达97%~99%,半仁和整仁率更高,粉末度更低。脱皮后的产物有利于籽仁的分离,减小了原料中籽仁的损失。     

油菜籽干法脱皮技术研究

介绍了油菜籽干法脱皮技术的研究情况。通过对油菜籽种皮结构、不同脱皮方法及不同脱皮工艺条件的实验研究，得出了油菜籽干法脱皮完全可行的结论；了解了油菜籽干法脱皮中应注意的一些问题，并在此基础上设计了油菜籽脱皮机。     

脱壳冷榨生产纯天然油茶籽油

在借鉴油菜籽脱皮冷榨研究的基础上,结合油茶籽的化学组成特点确定了油茶籽综合加工工艺,并建成了国内首条生产线.对生产工艺过程、设备选择、技术参数进行了介绍,对得到的脱壳冷榨油茶籽油质量指标进行了测定,结果表明,除酸值外其他各项质量指标均达到较高水平.     

油菜籽的现代加工技术

结合传统的油菜籽加工工艺 ,介绍了许多最近开发的新技术及其应用前景 ,如油菜籽的脱皮技术、微波与红外加热灭酶技术、挤压膨化取油和脱皮冷榨制油技术、水酶法提取菜籽油、菜籽蛋白粉和菜籽蜜的工艺、TOP全脱胶工艺以及通过连续离心吸附法从大量的溶液中除去少量杂质的中心吸附技术等。     

油菜籽加工工艺技术经济分析及发展趋势

对油菜籽制油的几种工艺进行了技术经济分析,并对未来5年内中国油菜籽加工业的发展趋势进行了预测.分析表明,脱皮制油新工艺的产出投资比和吨料加工利润均比未脱皮制油工艺高.随着新工艺、新技术、新设备的完善、成熟、推广和使用,我国油菜籽加工业的规模将向大型化发展,油菜籽的加工企业将更加重视油菜籽(特别是双低油菜籽)的综合加工利用和菜籽油的深加工.而目前的预榨-浸出制油工艺以其设备投资小、见效快等优点,在今后很长时间内仍将为我国多数油菜籽加工企业所采用.     

大豆热脱皮工艺探讨

大豆脱皮是近年发展起来的大豆油脂生产的先进技术。大豆脱皮对提高大豆油脂生产效果和产品质量的重要性已为业内人士所共识。就新型的大豆热脱皮工艺及实际生产效果进行了阐述和探讨，以期为国内大豆脱皮工艺的研究和发展提供一些经验和参考。     

大豆脱皮技术研究进展

介绍了大豆脱皮的意义,对比分析了大豆热脱皮、冷脱皮、温脱皮、前脱皮、后脱皮、整粒脱皮、微波-真空脱皮和预冻脱皮的工艺流程、原理、优缺点,分析不同种类大豆脱皮机优缺点,根据经验,给出工艺和设备的优化建议,为大豆脱皮提供参考。     

双低菜籽脱皮膨化加工工艺的研究与实践

通过对预榨浸出工艺改造为脱皮膨化加工工艺,研究了脱皮膨化工艺的技术操作要点,分析了该工艺的经济可行性.实践证明,双低菜籽脱皮膨化加工工艺不仅可以提高产量,降低动力和蒸汽消耗,降低毛油精炼成本,而且可显著改善脱皮菜籽粕质量,提高双低菜籽加工的经济效益.     

大豆脱皮系统

该文综述大豆脱皮系统中冷脱皮,温脱皮和热脱皮工艺产生和演变过程,重点总结归纳冷脱皮与热脱皮区别,及三种经典热脱皮工艺特点,并对大豆脱皮各种产品优点进行简要总结。     

Dehulling characteristics,sensory and functional properties of flours from selected cowpea varieties

BACKGROUND: The knowledge of dehulling characteristics is very important in the selection of cowpeas for flour production. In this study the sensory and functional properties of cowpea flour as influenced by dehulling method (wet and dry/mechanical dehulling) and cowpea variety (white, maroon and mottled) were investigated. RESULTS: White cowpea showed a significantly different (P < 0.05) and higher dehulling rate (DR > 97%) for all dehulling methods. Maroon and mottled cowpeas were poorly dehulled (DR < 10%) when using the wet method (WD). Dry dehulling (DD) was effective on all three varieties (DR > 94%). The highest yield of flour was observed with white cowpea (80% for DD and 96% for WD). The beany odour intensity of flours was dependent on the method of dehulling used. Flour functionality was more significantly influenced by cowpea variety than by dehulling method. CONCLUSION: Dry dehulling could be recommended for cowpea flour production, as this method was found to be more effective on the selected cowpea varieties. Owing to the observed variation in flour functionality among cowpea varieties, the choice of a particular variety for flour production will depend on the intended use of the flour. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

大处理量花生脱红衣机脱皮装置的设计

基于花生果仁及其红衣的物理特性,分析了国内外现有脱红衣机(或类似设备)的工作特点,提出了一种新型大处理量花生脱红衣机的研发方案,对脱红衣机核心装置——脱皮装置的结构进行了设计,对实现脱皮装置多功能的关键问题进行了较为深入的探讨。     

The effect of pre-treatment on the strength and dehulling properties of pigeonpea grain

Summary The effect of different pre-treatments, i.e. grain scarification, chemical treatment and hot milling, on the strength and dehulling properties of pigeonpea grain was studied by measurement of the forces required for removal of the seed coat from cotyledons and of cotyledons from each other. The dehulling index, dehulling time, product recovery and amount of intact pearled grain were determined after dehulling the pre-treated grain. The results revealed that a significant ( P  < 0.05) reduction in seed coat adhesion could be obtained by urea treated scarified grain when hot milled. This, in turn, increased the dehulling index for both the cultivars studied, with subsequent reduction in dehulling time, resulting in a high product recovery of about 81%, and an increased quantity of intact pearled grain of about 39%.     

Pretreatment of pigeonpea grain for improvement of dehulling characteristics

Summary Pigeonpea grain (c.v. C11) was used for optimization of dehulling pretreatments. Treatments applied for dehulling were soaking in urea solution and hot milling. Second order polynomial equations were developed to describe a dehulling index and dehulling time. Response surface methodology was also used. Treatment with urea solution was applied to both nonscarified and scarified grain. Different concentrations, solution-to-grain ratios and duration of treatments were tested in five levels as independent factors in the first set of experiments. In the second set, hot milling, heating time and heating temperature were factors in five levels. Hot milling was followed by optimized treatment with urea solution. The levels of these factors were optimized to give a maximum dehulling index and minimum dehulling time, this would yield the maximum product recovery and reduce grain scouring. The results revealed that hot milling after urea treatment of scarified grain increased the dehulling index by about 11% and, consequently, reduced dehulling time by approximately 65% when compared with the treatment followed in commercial mills. This subsequently increased the product recovery and intact pearled grain by about 19 and 23%, respectively.     

油茶果脱壳技术与设备研究

对油茶果生物学特性进行了研究,根据其特点采用挤压、搓碾的脱壳方式研制了带有锥形辊筒结构的油茶果脱壳机。油茶果含水量和辊筒转速是影响脱壳效果的主要因素,适宜的脱壳工艺条件为油茶果含水量40%~60%、辊筒转速120~180 r/min,在此工艺条件下,脱壳率大于等于92%,产量大于等于2 t/h。