2000年我国气瓶爆炸事故情况

据 2 0 0 1年第 4期《中国锅炉压力容器安全》邢友新报道 ,据国家质量技术监督局统计 ,2 0 0 0年共发生锅炉、压力容器、气瓶、压力管道爆炸事故 15 5起 ,严重事故 15 1起 ,死亡 175人 ,受伤 36 8人 ,直接经济损失 4 5 0 3 2 3万元。该文章列出了 2 0 0 0年锅炉、“土锅炉”、压力容器、气瓶、压力管道事故统计表。现将“气瓶”类事故统计表转列如下 (气瓶包括 :液化气钢瓶、工业气体钢瓶、液氯钢瓶等 ) :2 0 0 0年气瓶事故统计表名称 2 0 0 0年 1999年增减 (% )爆炸事故 (起 ) 413 1+ 3 2 3严重事故 (起 ) 2 3 -3 3死亡人数 (人 ) 3 92 9+…     

氧气瓶爆炸事故信息两则

●据了解 ,2 0 0 0年 11月 1日上午 7时 35分 ,沈阳市第一钢铁厂大院内突发爆炸 ,氧气瓶库房 (30多ｍ2 )夷为平地 ,五六十只氧气瓶散落四周 ,有两三只气瓶变成铁板 ,墙倒塌 ,门窗玻璃震碎。幸好室内无人 ,仅使 3人受伤。据悉为液氧汽化充装 ,液氧泵为 5 0 0升 /时的大泵 ,而充灌的仅十几只钢瓶。这样 ,液氧泵容量大 ,汇流排上瓶子少 ,速度快 ,时间短 ,遇上其它条件 ,就发生爆炸。据说 ,沈阳另一起液氧汽化充装氧气瓶爆炸 ,死亡事故也是这种工况。沈阳液化气体公司 (原沈标氧气厂 )也采用液氧汽化充装 ,但他们的液氧泵为 2 0 0～ 2 5 0升 /时…     

一起集装格氧气瓶爆炸事故的分析

介绍一起集装格氧气瓶爆炸事故经过和破坏情况,通过对事故现场勘查、气瓶破坏情况以及钢瓶残片和残油的分析,确定事故为化学性爆炸。阐述事故现场勘查情况和钢瓶残片化学分析结果,提出了预防措施。     

建议气瓶充装前增加气瓶音响检查项目

高压无缝钢瓶的充装前检查 ,在现有的标准或规程中是没有音响检查这一项内容的 ,只有在气瓶定期检验时 ,根据国家标准GB 130 0 4— 1999《钢质无缝气瓶定期检验与评定》中有音响检查的要求 ,但气瓶定期检验周期为二至五年。有关资料表明 ,当氧气瓶中进入海水或其他腐蚀物 ,则该瓶使用半年至一年后 ,瓶体被腐蚀处的剩余壁厚不到 2mm ,这样的气瓶如混入充装站 ,在充装过程中就很有可能发生事故。所以 ,只在气瓶定期检验中才进行一次音响检查 ,已经不能满足气瓶充装安全生产的需要。气瓶充装前的音响检查 ,可引用GB 130 0 4—1999《钢质无缝…     

氧气钢瓶爆炸事故三则

据中特网报道 :2 0 0 2年 3月 31日至 2 0 0 2年 4月 4日全国各地共发生氧气钢瓶爆炸事故三起 ,造成 4人死亡 ,1 0人受伤。●2 0 0 2年 3月 31日 1 4时 1 5分 ,辽宁鞍山市海城市腾鳌特区福安工业气体厂氧气充装车间发生气瓶爆炸事故 ,死亡 3人。●2 0 0 2年 4月 3日夜 ,西安市胡家庙水产肉类专营市场发生氧气瓶爆炸事故 ,一男子被炸不幸身亡。据目击者讲 ,事故发生在晚 8时 1 8分 ,市场内紧邻马路的一家经营氧气、乙炔的店面门外 ,伴着一声巨响 ,一男子被炸飞到马路对面 ,当场死亡。同时一个氧气罐也“飞”过马路 ,“闯”进一家正在营业的饭…     

锡山市一起氧气瓶爆炸事故分析

<正>1997提6月7日下午1:30左右,正值雷电之时,江苏省锡山市气体公司装在汽车上的两只氧气瓶同时发生爆炸,汽车炸毁,另炸毁气瓶10只,在气瓶装卸台上的一名装卸工受伤。笔者作为特邀专家对该次爆炸的性质、原因等进行了鉴定。为防止重复事故发生,现将事故原因分析如下,供同行参考。     

浅谈机动车用液化石油气钢瓶定期检验

目前许多地区机动车用液化石油气钢瓶还在使用,一些地区数量还非常大。因此,为了保证气瓶的安全使用,防止气瓶事故的发生,进行机动车用液化石油气钢瓶的定期检验是非常必要的。对机动车用液化石油气钢瓶定期检验的流程、检验过程、检验方法、注意事项等进行了叙述分析,为检验人员提供一些借鉴。     

气瓶安全与检验问答(五)

问 :据说国家对气瓶的使用寿命已作出规定 ,不知是怎样规定的 ?答 :当前 ,国家只是对液化石油气钢瓶、钢质无缝气瓶、钢质焊接气瓶的使用寿命作出了规定 ,分别载于 GB8334- 1 999《液化石油气钢瓶定期检验与评定》、GB1 30 0 4 - 1 999《钢质无缝气瓶定期检验与评定》、 GB1 30 75- 1 999《钢质焊接气瓶定期检验与评定》三个国家标准中。其中 ,对液化石油气钢瓶的使用寿命定为 1 5年。同时 ,对定期检验期限作了如下修订。“对在用的 YSP- 0 .5型、YSP- 2 .0型、YSP- 5.0型、YSP- 1 0型、YSP- 1 5型钢瓶 ,自制造日期起 ,第一次至第…     

无锡发生两起氧气瓶爆炸事故

无锡发生两起氧气瓶爆炸事故１９９７年４月２日，无锡市第二锅炉辅机厂发生一起氧气瓶爆炸事故。该厂焊工在打开一只氧气瓶阀门用氧过程中，气瓶发生粉碎性爆炸，造成一人死亡。经初步调查事故原因，该氧气瓶中混入可燃性气体，与氧气混合形成爆鸣性气体，遇有焊枪明火发...     

无锡发生两起氧气瓶爆炸事故

<正>1997年4月2日,无锡市第二锅炉辅机厂发生一起氧气瓶爆炸事故。该厂焊工在打开一只氧气瓶阀门用氧过程中,气瓶发生粉碎性爆炸,造成一人死亡。经初步调查事故原因,该氧气瓶中混入可燃性气体,与氧气混合形成爆鸣性气体,遇有焊枪明火,发生爆炸,是一起化学性爆炸。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...