Mechanochemically initiated polymerizations II. Influence of some factors on the mechanochemical homopolymerization of acrylonitrile by vibratory milling

The paper is an evidence for the capacity of mechanical energy, released by vibratory milling (VM) to activate homopolymerization reactions. The polymerization of acrylonitrile without any initiators or classical catalysts is presented. The influence of some parameters of the mechanical process (filling ratio, duration, wearing degree of the milling bodies, reaction medium) was studied. Kinetical aspects of mechano-chemical homopolymerization of acrylonitrile at different conditions are discussed.     

Comparison of the surface energetics data of eucalypt fibers and some polymers obtained by contact angle and inverse gas chromatography methods

This study compares two approaches to determine the surface energy of solids, and its acid-base components in particular: inverse gas chromatography (IGC) and analysis of contact angle data using the Good-van Oss theory. The comparison is made in the context of wood fibers from Eucalyptus globulus and Eucalyptus regnans pulped by the kraft and neutral sulfite semi-chemical (NSSC) processes, and of selected polymers. Contact angles on wood fibers were measured using the Wilhelmy method and on polymer samples using the sessile drop technique. For the dispersive component of the surface energy, the level of agreement between the two approaches was reasonable, using alkanes for the IGC measurements and diiodomethane for the Wilhelmy and sessile drop techniques. However, agreement was poor for the acid and base characteristics when monopolar probes were used for IGC and water, formamide, and diiodomethane for contact angle measurements. The Good-van Oss approach suggested that all fibers and polymers are monopolarly basic, whereas IGC measurements suggested that they are bipolar. When new values were used for the acid and base components of the surface energy of the liquid probes based on the values for water proposed by Della Volpe and Siboni, all samples still appeared strongly basic. This is inconsistent with the chemical nature of the lignocellulosic fibers. Thus, the Good-van Oss approach provides a poor indication of acid-base properties of the surfaces of solids in suggesting that lignocellulosic fibers and polymers are strongly basic. The above issues as well as potential problems in measuring the surface energy of lignocellulosic fibers using the three-liquid procedure and the Good-van Oss approach are discussed.     

艾叶浸膏挥发性成分及其热裂解产物的全二维气相色谱飞行时间质谱分析

应用全二维气相色谱飞行时间质谱分析了艾叶浸膏的挥发性成分,共检测到210种物质,鉴定出65种匹配度较高的物质,主要为萜烯类物质及其氧化物。应用热失重技术(TG)分析了艾叶浸膏的热失重行为,TG曲线显示艾叶浸膏主要失重区域在145～643℃,其中,145～465℃主要是挥发性及半挥发性物质的挥发,而在465～643℃发生复杂裂解反应。通过热裂解技术分析了艾叶浸膏在不同温度下的裂解产物,结果表明,艾叶浸膏中的挥发性成分包括萜烯类、醇类、脂肪烃类在300℃以下主要是通过蒸馏作用直接转移,而随着裂解温度升高至600～900℃,产生了呋喃等增香物质,同时也生成了羰基化合物、萘、茚等有害物质。