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为研究耐盐污泥膨胀发生的原因、过程以及控制方法,利用革新MUCT工艺重点考察了10 mg.L-1盐度长期驯化的耐盐污泥在低溶解氧条件下发生污泥膨胀的过程。通过不同方式进行控制,同时比较膨胀前后系统对有机物和氮磷的去除能力,结合污泥微膨胀节能理论提出利用污泥微膨胀提高含盐污水生物处理效率的方法。结果表明:耐盐污泥在长期低溶解氧条件下会发生膨胀;盐度降低导致污泥膨胀加剧;提高盐度可有效抑制其膨胀;当好氧2段溶解氧(DO2)维持在1.0 mg.L-1,好氧1段溶解氧(DO1)维持在2.0 mg.L-1时,污泥容积指数(SVI)维持在190~210 ml.g-1之间,稳定处于微膨胀状态。微膨胀状态下系统出水浊度大大降低,可以利用低氧微膨胀状态提高含盐污水处理效率。 相似文献
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H. van Leeuwen 《臭氧:科学与工程》1988,10(3):291-307
Poor sludge settleability is a problem encountered in many activated sludge wastewater treatment plants. This study was aimed at combatting the unwanted biological growths at the root of this phenomenon with ozone. Ozone dosed directly into the aeration basins of small activated sludge pilot plants treating both domestic and synthetic fuel wastewaters led to a substantial reduction of the bulking problem even at dosages as low as 6 to 10 mg/L. Ozone did not interfere in the delicate nutrient removal processes and significantly enhanced effluent quality. 相似文献
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活性污泥法是目前中国污水处理厂普遍运用的方法。而污泥膨胀是活性污泥法运行的最大危害之一。本文主要研究城市污水处理厂活性污泥法发生污泥膨胀的特性,污泥膨胀的分类,相关理论假说,污泥膨胀的影响因素和控制污泥膨胀的方法。 相似文献
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针对引发丝状菌污泥膨胀的因素较多且其机理模型难以表达的问题,从丝状菌生长动力学角度提出了一种污泥体积指数(SVI)简化机理模型。首先,通过研究丝状菌污泥膨胀的形成过程,分析引发丝状菌污泥膨胀的影响因素,获得了影响因素与SVI之间的关系;其次,确定影响SVI的主要因素,设计出SVI的简化机理模型,并利用数据分析和统计方法校正了模型中的参数;最后,将该简化模型应用于实际污水处理厂,实验结果显示该模型能够较好地反映丝状菌污泥膨胀发生过程,获得较高的SVI预测精度。 相似文献
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《分离科学与技术》2012,47(12):1915-1921
A novel method for the clarification of activated sludge, using sludge blanket filtration, was proposed. The process was tested continuously with activated sludge over 250 days. The proposed process is based on DAF separation, where the mixed liquor is distributed to the surface of the tank, and the clarified effluent is partially recycled with compressed air to the bottom. As a result, a floating blanket of sludge is formed which provides efficient separation of the mixed liquor suspended solids. Various factors, including the extent of sludge bulking, surface loading rate, and the depth of sludge blanket, were evaluated for their effects on the effluent water quality. A pilot-scale study demonstrated that separation by downflow Sludge Blanket Clarification (dSBC) showed better performance than other conventional separation technologies using micro-bubbles, such as DAF. The average effluent solids concentration from dSBC was about 3.0 mg/l, even with a relatively large amount of bulking sludge with a total surface loading of 60 m3/m2/d and air/solids ratio (A/S) of 0.011. This result has not been achievable with either gravitational sedimentation or DAF, even when the total surface loading rate was reduced to 20 m3/m2/d, one third of the value applied for dSBC. Based on these results, the dSBC process may provide a more efficient option for achieving both higher and more stable water quality in an activated sludge system. 相似文献
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Heung-Joe Jung Jae-Wook Lee Do-Young Choi Seong-Jin Kim Dong-Heui Kwak 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2006,23(2):271-278
The activated sludge process is one of the most frequently used processes for biological wastewater treatment. Conventional
gravity sedimentation (CGS), which is widely used as a secondary clarifier in activated sludge processes, has a routine problem
due to floating tendency, called bulking, caused by filamentous microorganisms. Dissolved air flotation (DAF) has been applied
as potential alternative to CGS as a secondary clarifier. A series of experiments were performed to measure physico-chemical
characteristics and removal efficiency of activated sludge flocs. The removal efficiency of flocs corresponding in lag and
exponential growth phases was lower, while that of flocs both in stationary and endogenous phases considerably increased.
The rise velocity of floc/bubble agglomerates was calculated by using a population balance (PB) model explaining the distribution
of floc/bubble agglomerates. The experimental results of flotation efficiency showed a similar tendency with the results predicted
by PB model for the rise velocity and distribution of floc/bubble agglomerates. It was found from our study that the DAF process
was very effective as a secondary clarifier in the activated sludge process. 相似文献
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污泥膨胀是在污水处理过程中常常遇到的重大难题.文章系统介绍了活性污泥膨胀的特点和类型,总结分析了污泥膨胀的影响因素,为有效控制实际运行中出现的污泥膨胀问题提供了依据. 相似文献
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采用SBR好/缺氧工艺,考察了好氧饥饿对于丝状菌膨胀污泥中硝化细菌活性及污泥性能的影响。结果表明,14 d的好氧饥饿过程(无外加底物,保持曝气)中,氨氧化细菌(ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, AOB)表现出更高的饥饿敏感性,其好氧衰减速率[(0.42±0.06)d-1)高于亚硝酸盐氧化菌(nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, NOB)的好氧衰减速率[(0.34±0.05)d-1]。恢复阶段初期,系统出现了明显的亚硝酸盐积累现象,这主要归因于AOB具有在环境发生改变时做出快速反应的能力,具体体现在AOB较NOB具有更高的活性恢复速率上。此外,好氧饥饿能够快速杀死丝状细菌,迅速改善膨胀污泥的沉降性能,使污泥的SVI由170 ml·g-1快速下降到30 ml·g-1。胞外聚合物(extracellular polymeric substances, EPS)和溶解性微生物产物(soluble microbial products, SMP)能够相互转化,并为饥饿污泥提供一定的碳源和能源,保证了细菌在饥饿环境中长期的细胞维持。 相似文献
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以实际氧化沟工艺污水处理厂为对象,研究了氧化沟污泥膨胀特性;以小试模拟试验系统为对象,分别研究了投加季铵盐、PAM和次氯酸钠以及调整运行工艺参数等对氧化沟污泥膨胀的控制效果。试验结果表明,实际污水处理厂的丝状细菌为微丝菌(Microthrix parvicell);在连续投加50 mg/L的季铵盐2 d以后,污泥膨胀问题得到有效控制;用2 mg/L的PAM控制氧化沟污泥膨胀较适宜,较短的时间内即可有效控制;30 mg/g MLSS的次氯酸钠可以使处于膨胀状态的氧化沟系统快速得到控制;提高氧化沟的溶解氧含量和污泥负荷,有助于抑制污泥膨胀和丝状菌增殖。 相似文献
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为实现丝状菌膨胀的好氧颗粒污泥(AGS)的修复,通过在序批式活性污泥(sequencing batch reactor activated sludge process,SBR)反应器中设置厌氧生物选择段以抑制丝状菌生长,并研究了修复过程中污泥基质降解动力学参数变化。膨胀AGS表面包裹了大量丝状菌(污泥体积指数SVI高达186.56mL/g),但恢复过程中膨胀AGS的比例逐渐减少,表面逐渐变得清晰、规则,21d时污泥膨胀趋势已完全得到遏止,最终AGS的污泥沉降比SV30/SV5、SVI和颗粒化率分别为0.92、48.74mL/g及92.79%,并表现出良好的污染物去除效果。通过双倒数法拟合得到丝状菌膨胀AGS的饱和常数和最大比增长速率分别为75.67mg/L、0.47h–1,该值略高于普通活性污泥,但远低于恢复稳定后AGS的354.47mg/L、1.43h–1。因此,在厌氧生物选择段创造的高底物浓度环境下,AGS中菌胶团细胞可优先获得基质并实现增殖,而丝状菌由于生长受到抑制而逐渐被淘汰,最终在22d内实现膨胀AGS的修复。 相似文献
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介绍了低温环境下城镇污水处理厂发生非丝状菌活性污泥膨胀的机理特征,以及对污水处理的影响;提出了通过SVI值、镜检、观感判断非丝状菌污泥膨胀的方法和解决措施。通过采取物化方法改良活性污泥组成结构提高其沉降性能,调整控制生化系统合适的MLSS、DO浓度、稳定进水量、内外回流比等工艺参数,能有效提高污泥的沉降性能,将SVI值由400 m L/g左右降至150 m L/g以下,达到理想的泥水分离效果,出水水质稳定达标。 相似文献