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《精细与专用化学品》2017,(3)
建立了四氟化硅-甲醇络合物裂解反应器的数学模型,提出了模型的求解方法 ,通过对该模型的模拟计算,分析了裂解反应器操作的影响因素,从设备和操作两方面讨论了优化操作和节省成本的方法,提出了合理的建议。 相似文献
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热等离子体裂解煤制乙炔为超高温毫秒级反应过程,煤粉升温及脱挥发分过程直接决定了反应器的乙炔产率和经济性。建立了描述单颗粒煤粉高温快速裂解过程的机理模型,综合考虑了颗粒自身导热阻力及挥发分逸出煤粉所伴生的热阻效应。模型预测表明颗粒内部传热阻力显著影响煤粉的热裂解过程,与忽略颗粒内部传热阻力相比,脱挥发分时间减慢30%~40%,且颗粒粒径增大该影响越加明显;提高供热流体温度可加速、加强煤裂解反应深度。针对毫秒级煤裂解过程,大于100μm的煤粉或者低于2000K的热流体温度均难于实现满意的脱挥发分行为,所得结果为反应器的设计和操作提供了重要的指导。 相似文献
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在转鼓反应器中实现了油酸臭氧氧化裂解制备壬二酸的连续化操作。考察了转鼓转速、液体流量、气体流量对转鼓反应器内气液传质反应速率的影响。在双膜理论的基础上,利用恩田公式来计算气相传质系数、液相传质系数,建立了转鼓反应器中两步反应速率模型,并将模型预测值与实验值进行了比较。实验结果表明:在转鼓反应器中,油酸氧化裂解反应速率分别随转鼓转速和液体流量的增大,先增大后趋于平缓;随着气体通量的增加,转鼓反应器内油酸氧化裂解反应速率先增大然后减小;在转鼓转速为1 699 r/min、液体流量为45 mL/min、气体流量为3 L/min时,在转鼓内油酸氧化裂解可获得最大的气液传质反应速率。模型预测值与实验值比较,两者吻合得较好,验证了模型的可靠性。 相似文献
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糠醛气相催化加氢制糠醇工艺开发——固定床反应器数学模拟与分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在糠醛气相催化加氢制糠醇单管实验基础上,提出了新的反应动力学模型,建立了该反应体系的拟均相二维平推流数学模型,用Powell优化方法对模型中参数进行估值。所建立模型能正确反映操作条件对反应器内温度分布和糠醇收率的影响,将它用于反应器模拟,计算结果与实测结果吻合较好。本文还应用该模型对糠醛加氢反应器进行模拟分析,得出了优化操作条件。 相似文献
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大庆常压渣油催化裂解反应动力学模型研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
针对大庆常压渣油催化裂解反应体系,建立了大庆常压渣油催化裂解五集总动力学模型,推导出了各集总组分在反应器出口处的浓度表达式,给出了一种用于求取集总模型参数的简单方法。结合实验数据,编程计算求取了该五集总反应网络的速率常数、指前因子和活化能,并对所建集总模型的预测效果进行了初步检验,结果表明该模型对催化裂解汽柴油、气体烷烃和气体烯烃具有较好的预测能力,短停留时间有利于多产低碳烯烃。 相似文献
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基于神经网络和宏观动力学模型的流化床反应器离线故障诊断 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
采用人工神经网络与流化床反应器宏观动力学模型相结合的方法,对丙烯氨氧化流化床反应器的不正常操作进行了故障诊断.经过训练和可靠检验的神经网络能准确辨认故障的发生和类型,流化床反应器宏观动力学模型能根据其知识规则判断引起故障的原因,并提出相应的调节方法,直至反应器操作正常. 相似文献
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The analysis on the feedstock pyrolysis characteristic and the impacts of process parameters on pyrolysis outcomes can assist in the designing,operating and optimizing pyrolysis processes.This work aims to utilize both experimental and modelling approaches to perform the analysis on three biomass feedstocks—wood sawdust,bamboo shred and Jatropha Curcas seed cake residue,and to provide insights for the design and operation of pyrolysis processes.For the experimental part,the study investigated the effect of heating rate,final pyrolysis temperature and sample size on pyrolysis using common thermal analysis techniques.For the modelling part,a transient mathematical model that integrates the feedstock characteristic from the experimental study was used to simulate the pyrolysis progress of selected biomass feedstock particles for reactor scenarios.The model composes of several sub-models that describe pyrolysis kinetic and heat flow,particle heat transfer,particle shrinking and reactor operation.With better understanding of the effects of process conditions and feedstock characteristics on pyrolysis through both experimental and modelling studies,this work discusses on the considerations of and interrelation between feedstock size,pyrolysis energy usage,processing time and product quality for the design and operation of pyrolysis processes. 相似文献
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分析了丁烯水合反应运行过程中床层压降升高的原因,提出了降低反应器压降的方法,有效的保证了水合反应装置的正常平稳运行。 相似文献
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A scheme of autothermal pyrolysis of hydrocarbons in a reactor with fast mixing of the feedstock with a high-temperature heat-carrier
flow is considered. The possibility of providing fast mixing of the components is verified in a series of aerodynamic experiments
in a model setup, where the optimal geometry of the mixer for operation conditions of the pyrolysis reactor is determined.
An experimental reactor is designed and manufactured for verification of the concept proposed. A scheme of the propane pyrolysis
reactor is given. Products of combustion of a hydrogen-air mixture are used as a heat carrier. Experimental distributions
of the flow temperature and concentration of the injected substance at the exit of the reactor agree with results obtained
in the model setup. The mixing time is demonstrated to be smaller than the residence time of the mixture in the reactor mixer
by more than an order of magnitude, which allows the process to be arranged under controlled conditions. In addition to experimental
research, several detailed kinetic schemes of hydrocarbon pyrolysis are tested on the basis of available experimental data.
Results of kinetic calculations for the operation conditions of the experimental setup are presented.
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Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 5, pp. 38–44, September–October, 2008. 相似文献
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介绍了裂解汽油全馏分加氢过程中发生的环戊二烯热二聚及双环戊二烯热分解反应。该转化反应导致了二段加氢反应器双烯值高于一段出料的双烯值,并缩短了二段加氢反应催化剂的运行周期,提出了降低影响的措施。 相似文献
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介绍了该装置加氢反应器的工艺流程和优化前运行参数。从温度,压力方面分析了造成反应器参数波动的原因,并提出了相应的解决方案。 相似文献
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简述了高压低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)管式反应器除去粘壁的重要性,并简要介绍了生产LDPE装置的工艺流程,分析了高压管式反应器可能产生物料粘壁的原因,并提出了预防措施和具体的解决方法,进而保证了装置生产能力满负荷运行和保证了产品质量指标。 相似文献
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以 SL-Ⅱ型乙烯裂解炉反应管为对象,结合烯烃厂裂解工艺参数,对管内石脑油裂解反应过程进行了模拟研究。裂解反应模型采用 Kumar 提出的分子反应模型,模拟得到了管内油气流速、温度、裂解产物的变化规律。结果表明,近壁层流层的存在使得管内油气径向速度、温度梯度较大,二维管内模型可以更全面地描述裂解反应过程。模拟得到的裂解产物收率与裂解炉的生产运行数据进行了比较,两者基本一致,验证了裂解反应模型的合理性。 相似文献
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M. G. Ktalkherman I. G. Namyatov V. A. Emel’kin 《Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering》2013,47(6):667-675
Detailed measurements of temperature and product distributions are carried out during the pyrolysis of liquefied petroleum gases in a model reactor where the inlet conditions of the feedstock/heat carrier fast mixing are realized. The developed theoretical process model involves the detailed kinetic scheme that is tested by the reference data and our experiments. The yield of the most valuable product of petrochemistry, ethylene, substantially increased as compared to the conventional furnace-pyrolysis method is the specific feature of the performed experiments results. By the results of the numerical simulation, the effect of temperature, pressure, and residence time in the reactor on the pyrolysis product composition is determined. The calculation results enable to optimize operation conditions for the fast-mixing reactor. 相似文献