H13热作模具钢激光表面改性处理技术

介绍了H13热作模具钢的激光表面改性处理技术,分析了激光相变硬化、激光表面熔凝、激光合金化、激光冲击硬化等表面处理的特点及应用,研究了表面激光处理工艺的影响因素,以及激光在模具表面处理中的应用.讨论了表面激光改性处理存在的问题,提出了该领域的研究方向.     

激光表面改性技术在有色金属中的应用

前言激光表面改性技术是70年代大功率CO_2激光器出现以后才发展起来的一种新技术。激光表面改性技术主要包括:激光相变硬化、激光重熔、激光表面合金化、激光表面涂覆、激光非晶化、激光粒子注入、激光冲击硬化以及激光表面陶瓷化等工艺。在国外,激光表面改性技术已经成功地应用于黑色金属,并在工业生产中获得了巨大的经济效益和社会效益。我国自1979年开始研究这项新     

物理学对现代表面技术的支撑作用

从真空技术、等离子体技术、激光技术等表面技术发展的几个方面论述了电学、磁学、光学等物理学知识在表面技术中的广泛应用以及对表面处理技术科学的巨大推动作用.指出,物理学的进步对表面技术的进步有着非常重要的支撑作用.     

论激光表面处理技术的应用

激光技术在制造业、医疗仪器、军事、信息等多个领域都具有重要的应用价值,在激光加工技术和工艺设备中,激光加工是重要的工艺。在这一工艺中,尤为突出的是激光表面处理。随着激光处理技术的发展,激光制造技术在制造领域内必将取代传统的机械制造技术,使生产微精密元件成为可能。激光处理技术的发展推动了国民经济和工业的发展,文章介绍了激光的表面处理技术重点的研究方向和应用范围。     

激光技术在材料科学中的应用进展

对激光技术在材料表面改性中的应用、在纳米材料中的应用以及在材料加工制造中的应用等进行了综述,对激光技术在材料科学中应用的进展有一个较全面的阐述。     

轧辊表面激光处理技术的研究进展

轧辊是轧机的主要变形部件.总结了轧辊材质、主要工作形式及失效方式和轧辊表面处理技术应用概况,具体从激光淬火与重熔技术、激光合金化和激光熔覆3个方面介绍了轧辊激光表面处理(修复)技术的研究和应用现状,并展望了激光表面处理技术修复表面失效轧辊的发展前景.     

激光熔覆技术在高端装备易损零部件中的应用研究

针对高端装备易损零部件存在的问题，从结构设计、材料优化、表面强化三个方面研究了高端装备易损零部件性能优化技术，分析了各自的特点，并对激光熔覆技术在高端装备易损零部件生产中的应用及前景进行分析。研究表明：激光熔覆技术已经在航空航天、矿山机械、石油化工、钢铁冶金等领域部分易损零部件制造中应用，采用激光熔覆技术对易损零部件进行表面处理，不仅能够延长易损零部件使用寿命，而且对于节能减排、降低成本具有重要的意义。     

激光表面处理对金属基复合材料耐蚀性能的影响

综述了国内外有关激光表面处理改善金属基复合材料耐蚀性的研究现状,从激光表面熔凝、表面合金化以及表面熔覆等几个方面论述了激光表面处理对金属基复合材料耐蚀行为的影响规律和特点,并讨论了激光参数对金属基复合材料表面处理的影响.研究结果表明,激光表面熔凝可能导致某些金属间化合物和部分增强体分解,减少在复合材料组织中形成原电池从而加速材料腐蚀的机会;激光表面合金化是用激光将涂覆在复合材料表面少量的合金元素熔化,在快冷后形成不同于基体的耐蚀性较高的合金化表面层;激光表面熔覆则是在基体表面形成一层较厚的涂覆合金层,表面的合金层将基体与腐蚀介质隔绝开,从而提高材料的耐蚀性.利用激光表面处理改善金属基复合材料的耐蚀性是一种较为有效的方法.     

γ-TiAl基合金快速熔凝组织转变的规律

采用激光表面快速熔凝技术处理了γ-TiAl基合金的拟连接表面，原位观察了激光处理组织在不同温度下保温过程中组织转变的特点，研究了处理温度对组织转变速度的影响以及组织细化的规律，结果表明，用激光表面快速熔凝处理所得到的γ-TiAl基合金拟连接表面的枝晶组织，在一定的温度下可转变为细小的等轴晶粒组织，为后续的超塑连接提供了良好的保障。     

物理方法对纤维素纤维的表面处理及其应用研究进展

综述了近几年等离子体、激光、γ射线、电晕和真空紫外辐射等物理方法在纤维素纤维的表面处理领域中的研究进展,着重分析了这些物理改性方法对纺织品、复合材料以及纸制品表面性能的影响,并展望了未来的发展趋势。     

从石油工业的技术创新看波普尔科学哲学思想

科学技术创新在石油工业发展中起着极其重要的作用。我国石油工业从无到有，从技术落后到技术成熟的历史发展过程，无不与科学技术进步紧密相联。其中，科学哲学思想对于技术理论创新具有重要的指导作用。以几个石油工业中技术理论创新的实例，分析了波普尔科学哲学思想在技术理论创新中的指导作用。     

Status and Prospect of Remanufacturing Technology for Tubing and Sucker Rods

As the main consumables, huge amount of tubing and sucker rods are abandoned annually. The current remediation technology could only enable part of abandoned tubing and sucker rod to be reused in a degraded way, leading to a big resource waste. The production, use and remediation methods of tubing and sucker rod are analyzed here. Remanufacturing technology of abandoned tubing based on self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) is proposed. Economic, environmental and social benefits of large scale application of this technology are evaluated. And then various factors that restrict the popularization of remanufacturing technology in the petroleum industry are studied and suggestions are given in the end. The results indicate that unlike conventional remediation methods, remanufacturing technology can extend the service life of abandoned tubing to reach or even exceed that of a new one. Meanwhile it can also reduce the cost effectively, and achieve significant economic and social benefits. We should expand remanufacturing technology areas in the petroleum industry and achieve stable, healthy development in the low oil price situation. The scientific standards for remanufactured products should be enacted, and new management mode of the remanufactured products should be developed.     

Feasibility of electrokinetic soil remediation in horizontal Lasagna cells

An integrated soil remediation technology called Lasagna has been developed that combines electrokinetics with treatment zones for use in low permeability soils where the rates of hydraulic and electrokinetic transport are too low to be useful for remediation of contaminants. The technology was developed by two groups, one involving industrial partners and the DOE and another involving US EPA and the University of Cincinnati, who pursued different electrode geometries. The Industry/DOE group has demonstrated the technology using electrodes and treatment zones installed vertically from the soil surface. We have demonstrated the feasibility of installing horizontal electrodes and treatment zones in subsurface soils by hydraulic fracturing, a process that we adapted from petroleum industry practices. When horizontal electrodes were connected to a dc power supply, uniform electrical potential gradients of 10-40 V/m were created in soil between the electrodes, inducing electroosmotic flow that facilitated movement of water and contaminants into treatment zones between the electrodes.     

光纤光栅传感技术及其在石油工业中的应用

阐述了光纤光栅温度和应变传感的响应机理．对光纤光栅多参量区分测量技术和光纤光栅传感网络复用与解调技术进行了综合评述．结合光纤光栅传感技术的本质突出优势和石油工业特点,讨论了其在油气生产中温度和压力测量、测井技术、地震波检测、长距离石油管道监测等方面的应用．     

高能束表面改性技术的研究现状及发展趋势

随着现代工业的发展,各行业对高性能涂层和高效环保加工工艺的要求越来越高。高能束表面改性技术是一种新型的表面改性技术,可以获得综合性能优异的涂层,具有能量密度特别高、非接触式加热、热影响区小、对工件基材的性能及尺寸影响小、工艺可控性强、便于计算机控制、环保等优点。高能柬表面改性技术包括了激光表面改性技术、电子束表面改性技术、离子注入表面改性技术、高密度太阳能表面改性技术。本文介绍了各种高能束表面改性技术的原理、应用现状和发展趋势。综述了高能束表面改性技术作为一种绿色环保技术,不会造成环境污染,拥有极大的发展潜力和经济效益,国内外都在积极的进行研究,以便得到综合性能更好的涂层,推动表面技术的发展。     

纳米材料在油田开发中的应用

纳米材料作为一种高新技术产物,在生命科学、电子学、医药学等领域已展现出广阔的发展前景,在石油行业亦有着很大的应用潜力。将纳米材料引入石油工程领域,实现纳米科技和现有油田技术的有机结合,有助于为油田的高效可持续开发提供技术支撑。综述了纳米材料在油藏描述、钻井完井液、增产增注、提高采收率等领域的应用和研究进展,并对其未来发展提出了几点建议。     

Anwendungsfelder moderner Oberflächentechnik bei Anbietern oberflächentechnologischer Dienstleistungen

Concerning the transfer of results from research and development into commercial business practice for small and middle sized enterprises, offering surface‐technological services, the situation is generally better than aspected. This is the conclusion arrived at by the Institut for knowledge transfer at the University of Bremen (IfW) after carrying out a random analysis of the enterprises offering surface technology services. The study is a component of the project “Technology transfer surface technology”, which is accomplished on behalf the Federal Ministry for education and research (BMBF) by the VDI Technologiezentrum. Two thirds of the enterprises asked plan to introduce new procedures or modernize and/or supplement existing procedures in the next two years. All the same one third plans on top of this to use new layer materials. At present the situation regarding the application of modern surface technology, shows that the correct application of the surface and layer technologies bears fruits. The degree to which thermal spraying and the PVD and CVD techniques are applied has increased. Old procedures are rapidly being displaced by innovative and more pollution free procedures – especially in the field of thermal treatment. The technological developments planned for the next two years by the enterprises asked show that the degree with which the technologies specified above are spreading will continue to increase. Also the predication as to, which industries will be ranked in the future as important customers of the surface‐technological services, is changing. While the enterprises evaluate the situation toke restrained in the electro‐technology and electronics industry. An increased demand from air and space industry is expected. Moreover a clear increase in the paper and graphic arts industry is predicted.     

Engineering development of high gradient magnetic separators

The commercial development of high gradient magnetic separation began in 1969 when the first industrial, cyclic high gradient magnetic separators were sold to the J.M. Huber Corporation by Magnetic Engineering Associates, Sala's predecessor, for processing high grade paper coating clays. Since that time, high gradient magnetic separation for the processing of high quality clays has come to be fully accepted in the United States kaolin industry. A number of large cyclic separators of the Sala design, with capacity ratings above 60 tph have been constructed under license from Sala and installed in major U.S. clay producers' facilities. Applications of high gradient magnetic separation technology to mineral processing and water treatment have been explored(1,2,3,4). The cyclic high gradient magnetic separators utilized in the clay industry may be employed for most water treatment applications since the volume of magnetic material to be removed is a relatively small percentage of the total flow volume through the machine. In the majority of mineral separation and beneficiation problems, the feed percentage of magnetics is more than 1 to 2 percent and to solve this problem efficiently a continuous high gradient magnetic separator has been developed by us. A 15 tph continuous pilot separator is now operating in our Cambridge pilot plant and is able to process ores with the effectiveness of the cyclic high gradient magnetic separators.     

超高强Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金研究综述

综述了超高强Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金的元素构成及合金化机理,介绍了超高强Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金的先进制备技术和热处理技术,阐述了超高强Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金的制备原理和热处理强韧化机制,展望了高Zn含量超高强Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金的发展趋势和前景。旨在为超高强Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金材料产业的持续发展提供理论参考。     

Research on petroleum patent valuation based on Value Capture Theory

The valuation of patent technology is a research hotspot in the area of intellectual property. How to objectively value a patent is still a thorny issue, especially in industries with long industry chains like the petroleum industry. This paper combines with the technical characteristics of the petroleum industry, builds up a set of patent value evaluation systems including the index system, the calculation of indicator weights, the determination of scoring criteria, and the expert score calculation innovatively. The model constructed based on the Value Capture Theory effectively combines the cost method and the benefit method in traditional assessment methods, avoiding the problem of obtaining the patent transaction data that market method required. The calculating process which adopts triangle fuzzy matrix increases the objectivity of the evaluation process. Different criteria for eight different fields of petroleum are applied in this paper, which make each specific patent evaluation model suitable for the petroleum industry. In addition, the process of evaluation becomes relatively simple and easy to implement.