集装箱船用高强度厚钢板止裂韧性指标值的初步实验验证

针对大型集装箱船用85 mm和90 mm高强度EH40和EH47厚钢板,结合最大设计应力和不同止裂韧性值对应的温度,开展了等温型双重拉伸试验,以验证止裂韧性技术指标值(板厚80 mm时-10℃下止裂韧性Kca≥8 000 N/mm~(3/2))的有效性。结果表明,对于试验用高强度厚钢板,在-10℃、K_(ca)=8 000 N/mm~(3/2)条件下,钢板能够止裂,技术指标值有效。     

高强度厚钢板止裂韧性K_(ca)与常规力学性能的相关性分析

统计分析了28组采用TMCP工艺制造的高强度厚钢板-10℃止裂韧性K_(ca)与屈服强度R_(P0.2)、抗拉强度R_m、-40℃冲击功KV_2、-20℃和-40℃动态撕裂能DTE、零塑性转变温度T_(NDT)的相关性规律,结果表明,-10℃止裂韧性K_(ca)与心部抗拉强度R_m和侧面零塑性转变温度T_(NDT)的相关度较高,随着心部抗拉强度R_m的增高和侧面零塑性转变温度T_(NDT)的降低,-10℃止裂韧性K_(ca)增大;在此基础上建立了-10℃止裂韧性K_(ca)与心部抗拉强度R_m、侧面零塑性转变温度T_(NDT)和板厚t的相关性方程K_(ca)=13.358·R_m-90.530·T_(NDT)-7.324·t~(1.5)或K_(ca)=13.427·R_m-74.845·T_(NDT)-0.635·t~2。     

高强度厚钢板止裂韧性K_(ca)影响因素分析

统计分析了26组采用TMCP工艺制造的高强度厚钢板-10℃止裂韧性(K_(ca)~(-10℃))与碳当量(C_(eq))、晶粒度(GS_)、磷含量(w(P))和板厚(t)的相关性规律,结果表明,提高碳当量、增大晶粒度、降低杂质元素磷的含量、减小板厚均有利于止裂韧性的提高,在此基础上建立了止裂韧性与碳当量、晶粒度、磷含量和板厚的回归方程:K_(ca)~(-10℃)=23 443.45·C_(ep)+276.51·G_S-0.77·w(P)·t~3-2.75·t~(1.5)。     

基于梯度温度型双重拉伸试验的低合金钢板止裂温度估算式

在运用能量守恒原理分析止裂过程的基础上,通过统计52组低合金钢板试验数据,分析了梯度温度型双重拉伸试验测定的止裂温度和应力、板厚、表面-40℃冲击韧性的相关性规律,建立了止裂温度估算式:Tk=-66.1+0.011 8·σ·t2KV2。     

船用低合金高强钢止裂温度相关性研究

为研究不同温度场条件下所测止裂温度的相关性,针对4种批号船用低合金高强钢,分别开展等温型双重拉伸试验和梯度温度型(以下简称"梯温型")双重拉伸试验,测得了等温型止裂温度和梯温型止裂温度.结果表明,在同一主拉伸应力水平下,梯温型止裂温度值均高于等温型止裂温度值,两者差值与主拉伸应力近似呈线性增长关系、与板厚近似呈二次函数...     

船体钢止裂性能表征参量止裂温度和止裂韧性的对比分析

基于AH36、EH36和FH500三种船体钢的梯度温度场型双重拉伸试验结果,对止裂温度和止裂韧性分别作为止裂性能表征参量的特点进行了分析。结果表明,与止裂韧性相比,止裂温度测试稳定性好、工程适用性好,更宜作为船体钢止裂性能的工程应用表征参量。     

Q500qE桥梁钢止裂性能试验研究

针对桥梁用Q500qE高强度结构钢,分别开展了梯度温度型双重拉伸试验、落锤试验和标准圆截面试样拉伸试验,测得了钢板的止裂温度CAT、无塑性转变温度T_NDT、屈服强度R_el,在此基础上提出了CAT与T_NDT、R_el及板厚t的相关性方程。由相关性方程得到的止裂温度计算结果与实测结果的偏差在±5℃以内,表明该方程能够较好地表征止裂温度与无塑性转变温度、屈服强度、板厚之间的相关性。      

MTS万能材料试验机在石油管材止裂韧性测试中的应用

建立起以MTS810.15万能材料试验机为主体的材料止裂韧性试验装置,对石油天然气输送管材进行了平面应变止裂韧性(K_(la))测试.结果表明可以运用MTS万能材料试验机进行材料止裂韧性试验,并对材料的止裂韧性进行了分析探讨.     

MTS万能材料试验在石油管材止裂韧性测试中的应用

建立起以ＭＴＳ８１０．１５万能材料试验机为主体的止裂韧性试验装置，对石油天然气输送管材进行了平面应变止裂韧性测试，结果表明可以运用ＭＴＳ万能材料试验机进行材料止裂韧性试验，并对材料的止裂韧性进行了分析探讨。     

船体钢止裂温度与无塑性转变温度相关性分析

基于AH36、EH36和FH500三种船体钢的梯度温度场型双重拉伸试验和落锤试验结果,对止裂温度和无塑性转变温度的相关性进行了分析。结果表明,三种船体钢止裂温度与无塑性转变温度之间存在一定的对应关系,反映了两种试验方法之间存在一定的相关性。     

止裂韧性K_(ca)的测试结果不唯一性证明

针对国际船级社规范UR S33《Requirements for use of extremely thick steel plates》中规定的止裂韧性Kca的测试要求,基于包含温度场参量的计算式证明了止裂韧性Kca测试结果存在不唯一性。     

双重拉伸试验方法与ESSO试验方法等效性研究

针对船用高强度厚钢板分别开展了梯度温度型双重拉伸试验和梯度温度型ESSO试验,分析了两种试验方法的等效性。结果表明,在试验误差范围内,两种试验方法所测结果基本一致,在高强度厚钢板止裂性能评价方面具有等效性。同时,基于能量守恒原理对等效性机理进行了初步分析。     

DYNAMIC CRACK PROPAGATION AND CRACK ARREST INVESTIGATED WITH A NEW SPECIMEN GEOMETRY: PART II: EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON A LOW-ALLOY FERRITIC STEEL

The novel experiment developed in our Institute to investigate crack initiation, rapid crack propagation and crack arrest with one specimen, the ring test, was applied to a ferritic HSLA pipeline steel. The maximum crack speed achieved in these experiments was between 230 m/s and 1165 m/s. The fracture toughness at crack arrest, K_Ia, was determined by a static analysis of this specific test. In all cases, it was found that K_Ia was much lower than K_Ic. The values of K_Ia decrease when the maximum crack speed increases, the results being largely scattered. The fracture toughness at crack arrest is therefore not an intrinsic parameter of the material for a given temperature. Cleavage fracture obtained under these conditions is characterized by the existence of numerous cleavage microcracks, mechanical twins and unbroken ligaments. The decrease in fracture toughness when crack speed increases is related, using the Beremin or the RKR model, to the high strain rates at the tip of a rapid propagating crack. A model which takes into account the effect of unbroken ligaments left in the wake of a propagating crack is developed to account for the large values of K_Ia which were occasionally measured.     

冲击能量对ESSO试验结果的影响

对90mm厚EH47船用钢板进行了不同冲击能量下的梯度温度型ESSO试验以分析冲击能量对试验结果的影响.结果表明,采用下限冲击能量测得的-10℃止裂韧性值与双重拉伸试验所测值基本一致,但根据WES:2815-2014规范确定的上限冲击能量测得的止裂韧性值明显低于前两者测得的结果,建议后续在ESSO试验中针对90mm厚钢板选用冲击能量下限值进行试验.     

Dynamic and static characterization of compact crack arrest tests of navy and nuclear steels

Recent experimental and computational work by Link and associates has demonstrated that relatively small (W = 150 mm) single edge notched tension specimens (SE(T)) can be used to obtain crack arrest data high in the ductile-to-brittle transition of ferritic structural steel using dynamic computational techniques if a thermal gradient is utilized to aid in the crack arrest. Testing has been reported on two important navy structural steels that clearly defines the relative capability of the two materials to arrest rapidly growing cracks. The HY100 material demonstrated the expected large difference between the initiation and crack arrest toughnesses which has made it impossible in the past to measure crack arrest toughness for this material using the standard ASTM procedure (E1221). The HSLA-100 steel, however demonstrated a much higher crack arrest toughness and a correspondingly smaller drop in toughness below the initiation toughness. This small difference between initiation toughness and arrest toughness suggested that the E1221 procedure, using wedge loaded, compact crack arrest (CCA) specimens would be applicable to this material. Two important issues could then be investigated using this material. First, having completed the expensive and relatively complex testing of the SE(T) specimens using tensile loading and a thermal gradient, a second, quite different geometry could be tested using the E1221 procedure, allowing an important comparison between the crack arrest measurements made using these two distinct geometries. Historically, obtaining crack arrest results using one test configuration has been so difficult, that there have been very few reports of results for the same material using two different test geometries. Transferability of the laboratory results to structural applications has thus been a matter of conjecture. Furthermore, if the E1221 CCA specimens were strain gaged to obtain crack velocity data, and analyzed using the dynamic computational procedure used by Link on the SE(T) specimens, it would be possible to compare the results the E1221 static analysis with the results of the dynamic computation procedure to determine the degree of conservatism present in the E1221 standard procedure.The results of this work have shown that the crack arrest toughness results obtained on these two specimen geometries are similar and hence insensitive to the test geometry and the difference resulting from the application of the complex dynamic computational procedure or the E1221 static analyses is small.