超监界CO2萃取甘草素

介绍在超临界状诚下，用ＣＯ２作萃取剂，用水－乙醇作夹带剂从甘草中萃取甘草素、异甘草素、甘草查耳酮Ａ及甘草查耳酮Ｂ的实验方法；研究了超临界ＣＯ２萃取过程中的最佳工艺条件。     

超临界CO2萃取技术及其应用

本文介绍了超临界ＣＯ２萃取技术的基本原理阐述了超临界ＣＯ２萃取技术的主要特点和萃取工艺以及超临界ＣＯ２萃取技术的应用。     

超临界CO_2萃取天然产物

综述了近年来超临界ＣＯ＿２萃取天然产物的技术进展以及产品的优越性，尤其是它在高附加值的精细化工产品如香料、化妆品用油及医疗保健品方面的应用。     

Cd~（2＋）与Cu~（2＋）、Co~（2＋）、Ni~（2＋）的非有机溶剂萃取分离研究

本文研究了ＰＥＧ－Ｚｉｎｃｏｎ－（ＮＨ＿４）＿２ＳＯ＿４体系对Ｃｕ~（２＋）、Ｃｏ~（２＋）、Ｎｉ~（２＋）、Ｃｄ~（２＋）的非有机溶剂萃取行为，结果表明：在ｐＨ５．５～８．５（Ｋ＿２ＨＰＯ＿４－ＫＨ＿２ＰＯ＿４）的水溶液中，Ｃｕ~（２＋）、Ｃｏ~（２＋）、Ｎｉ~（２＋）可被ＰＥＧ相几乎完全萃取，而Ｃｄ~（２＋）基本上不被萃取，从而获得了Ｃｄ~（２＋）与Ｃｕ~（２＋）、Ｃｏ~（２＋）、Ｎｉ~（２＋）混合离子的定量分离。     

超临界CO2萃取螺旋藻中β—胡萝卜互的研究

以超临界ＣＯ２萃取螺旋藻中β－胡萝卜素,结果表明,萃取压力越高,温度赵高、ＣＯ２用量越多,收率就越大。超临界ＣＯ２萃取螺旋藻中β－胡萝眩素适宜操作压力３０ＭＰａ、温度５０℃、萃取时间２ｈ。在该条件下得到的萃取物占被萃粉的４．５％,、β－胡萝卜素的含量为３．４％,对β－胡萝卜素的萃取收率 为９４％。该萃取物色泽纯正,气味自然,可作为产品出售。     

超临界CO2萃取玉米胚芽油工艺的研究

本文研究采用超临界ＣＯ２从玉米胚芽中萃取油品的工艺条件，运用响应面法探讨了萃取压力、萃取温度和物料粒径在油品产率为９０％时对ＣＯ２消耗量的影响，确定了最佳工艺参数，分析比较了超临界ＣＯ２萃取、正己烷索氏萃取和压榨三种方法对油品质量和脂肪酸组成的影响。     

用超临界CO_2清洗部件的新型工业装置

用超临界ＣＯ＿２清洗部件的新型工业装置ＣｈｅｍｉｃａｌＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ，１９９３，１００（９）：１７４家公司提供了使用超临界ＣＯ＿２来清洗各种ＣＰＩ产品和机器的设备。这些商行是ＡｕｔｏｃｌａｖｅＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｓ（伊利，美国宾夕法尼亚州）、ＣＦ...     

CaO-SiO_2-CaSO_4-CaF_2-Al_2O_3系统中3C_2S·3CaSO_4·CaF_2的形成动力学

３Ｃ＿２Ｓ·３ＣａＳＯ＿４·ＣａＦ＿２是水泥熟料烧成中应用ＣａＳＯ＿４和ＣａＦ＿２作为复合矿化剂时重要的中间化合物。探讨了Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３存在时３Ｃ＿２Ｓ·３ＣａＳＯ＿４·ＣａＦ＿２的形成动力学。研究发现Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３的存在促进了３Ｃ＿２Ｓ·３ＣａＳＯ＿４·ＣａＦ＿２的形成反应，降低了固相反应活化能，提高了控制反应过程组分ＣａＯ的扩散速率。     

取代的羧基甲氧基丁二酸作缓蚀剂

９４－００８　取代的羧基甲氧基丁二酸作缓蚀剂用取代的羧基甲氧基琥珀酸化合物ＲＣＨ（ＣＯ＿２Ｈ）ＯＣＨ（ＣＯ＿２Ｈ）ＣＨ＿２ＣＯ＿２Ｈ抑制水溶液系统中铁合金的腐蚀，Ｒ＝（ＣＨＯＨ）＿ｎＣＨ＿２ＯＨ，（ＣＨＯＨ）＿ｍＣＯ＿２Ｈ，或（ＣＨＯＨ）＿ｒ（ＣＨＯ...     

超临界CO2萃取木香挥发油的研究

采用超临界ＣＯ２流体萃取木香挥发油。探讨了压力、温度、ＣＯ２密度对挥发油收率的影响，研究了萃取的最适宜条件。对水蒸汽蒸馏法与超临界萃取法进行了比较。     

亚硝酸钠催化氧气氧化溴化双酚A制备四溴双酚A

发展了以亚硝酸钠为催化剂,溴素为溴化试剂,通过分子氧氧化溴化双酚A制备四溴双酚A的方法,这是一个新颖、有效的催化氧化方法。考察了溶剂、温度、n(双酚A)∶n(溴素)、催化剂用量、氧气/空气通入时间以及溴素的滴加速度对反应的影响,确定了最佳的反应条件,即:n(双酚A)∶n(溴素)∶n(亚硝酸钠)=1∶2.15∶0.1,反应温度25℃,反应时间2 h。在此反应条件下,四溴双酚A的分离收率可达95.0%(以双酚A计)。该反应具有溴素的利用率高,原子经济性强,反应副产物仅为水,绿色无污染等优点。     

一例稀有CisAB血型血清学及遗传机理分析

目的对1例献血者血型血清学鉴定为A2B血样进行基因型分析。方法应用常规血型血清学方法进行血型鉴定;采用PCR-SSP法进行ABO初步基因分型的检测,并对ABO基因第6和第7外显子的核苷酸序列进行扩增、测序和分析。结果血型血清学鉴定为A2B亚型,基因分型为BB型,初步判定为B(A)型;基因测序发现两条等位基因第6外显子均不存在261delG及297 G/G,判定该献血者血型为B与B基因的组合,经与A101核苷酸序列比对,对第7外显子的核苷酸序列分析发现,有一条核苷酸链上有526C>G,657C>T、703G>A及803G>C点突变,另一条核苷酸链上有297A>G、526C>G、657C>T、703G>A、796C>A、803G>C及930G>A点突变,确定该献血者血型基因型为CisAB02/B101。结论血型血清学对CisAB和B(A)判定有一定的局限性,通过核苷酸序列及分析能够明确本例献血者基因型为CisAB02/B101。     

Bel亚型的血型血清学特征及其遗传背景分析

目的分析Bel亚型的血型血清学特征及其遗传背景。方法采用红细胞凝集试验检测先证者及其家庭成员红细胞上的A、B、H抗原和血清中的抗-A、抗-B抗体;凝集抑制试验检测唾液中的A、B、H血型物质;吸收放散试验检测红细胞表面是否存在B抗原。用序列特异性引物多聚酶链式反应技术(PCR-SSP)进行ABO血型基因分型。结果先证者与其父确定为Bel亚型;先证者的两个妹妹分别为ABel亚型和A型;先证者的母亲、配偶、女儿、儿子分别为A、AB、A和B型。结论Bel亚型有家族遗传性。     

界面缩聚法合成四溴双酚A聚碳酸酯的工艺研究

以光气和四溴双酚A(TBBPA)为原料经光气界面缩聚,合成了四溴双酚A聚碳酸酯,并对四溴双酚A与光气投料比、催化剂种类及其用量、分子量调节剂用量4个因素进行考察。优化工艺条件为:四丁基氢氧化铵为催化剂,对叔丁基酚(TBP)为分子量调节剂,n(四溴双酚A)∶n(光气)=1∶1.3,n(四溴双酚A)∶n(对叔丁基酚)=1∶0.028,n(四溴双酚A)∶n(四丁基氢氧化铵)=1∶0.022。该方法操作简单,产品分子量分布窄,易于工业化生产。     

Structure‐Based Design of a Eukaryote‐Selective Antiprotozoal Fluorinated Aminoglycoside

Aminoglycosides (AG) are antibiotics that lower the accuracy of protein synthesis by targeting a highly conserved RNA helix of the ribosomal A‐site. The discovery of AGs that selectively target the eukaryotic ribosome, but lack activity in prokaryotes, are promising as antiprotozoals for the treatment of neglected tropical diseases, and as therapies to read‐through point‐mutation genetic diseases. However, a single nucleobase change A1408G in the eukaryotic A‐site leads to negligible affinity for most AGs. Herein we report the synthesis of 6′‐fluorosisomicin, the first 6′‐fluorinated aminoglycoside, which specifically interacts with the protozoal cytoplasmic rRNA A‐site, but not the bacterial A‐site, as evidenced by X‐ray co‐crystal structures. The respective dispositions of 6′‐fluorosisomicin within the bacterial and protozoal A‐sites reveal that the fluorine atom acts only as a hydrogen‐bond acceptor to favorably interact with G1408 of the protozoal A‐site. Unlike aminoglycosides containing a 6′‐ammonium group, 6′‐fluorosisomicin cannot participate in the hydrogen‐bonding pattern that characterizes stable pseudo‐base‐pairs with A1408 of the bacterial A‐sites. Based on these structural observations it may be possible to shift the biological activity of aminoglycosides to act preferentially as antiprotozoal agents. These findings expand the repertoire of small molecules targeting the eukaryotic ribosome and demonstrate the usefulness of fluorine as a design element.     

4A沸石的应用、现状及发展前景

介绍了4A沸石的结构和理化性质,从替代三聚磷酸钠的角度对其进行了分析。同时介绍了含4A沸石助剂洗衣粉的理化指标。简述了4A沸石的合成工艺。指出了4A沸石的应用现状以及发展前景。     

Development of Selective Inhibitors for Human Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 3A1 (ALDH3A1) for the Enhancement of Cyclophosphamide Cytotoxicity

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 3A1 (ALDH3A1) plays an important role in many cellular oxidative processes, including cancer chemoresistance, by metabolizing activated forms of oxazaphosphorine drugs such as cyclophosphamide (CP) and its analogues, such as mafosfamide (MF), ifosfamide (IFM), and 4‐hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4‐HPCP). Compounds that can selectively target ALDH3A1 could permit delineation of its roles in these processes and could restore chemosensitivity in cancer cells that express this isoenzyme. Here we report the detailed kinetic and structural characterization of an ALDH3A1‐selective inhibitor, CB29, previously identified in a high‐throughput screen. Kinetic and crystallographic studies demonstrate that CB29 binds within the aldehyde substrate‐binding site of ALDH3A1. Cellular proliferation of ALDH3A1‐expressing lung adenocarcinoma (A549) and glioblastoma (SF767) cell lines, as well as ALDH3A1 non‐expressing lung fibroblast (CCD‐13Lu) cells, is unaffected by treatment with CB29 and its analogues alone. However, sensitivity toward the anti‐proliferative effects of mafosfamide is enhanced by treatment with CB29 and its analogue in the tumor cells. In contrast, the sensitivity of CCD‐13Lu cells toward mafosfamide was unaffected by the addition of these same compounds. CB29 is chemically distinct from the previously reported small‐molecule inhibitors of ALDH isoenzymes and does not inhibit ALDH1A1, ALDH1A2, ALDH1A3, ALDH1B1, or ALDH2 isoenzymes at concentrations up to 250 μM . Thus, CB29 is a novel small molecule inhibitor of ALDH3A1, which might be useful as a chemical tool to delineate the role of ALDH3A1 in numerous metabolic pathways, including sensitizing ALDH3A1‐positive cancer cells to oxazaphosphorines.     

Structure-activity relationships of phenylalkylamines as agonist ligands for 5-HT(2A) receptors

Agonist activation of central 5-HT(2A) receptors results in diverse effects, such as hallucinations and changes of consciousness. Recent findings indicate that activation of the 5-HT(2A) receptor also leads to interesting physiological responses, possibly holding therapeutic value. Selective agonists are needed to study the full therapeutic potential of this receptor. 5-HT(2A) ligands with agonist profiles are primarily derived from phenylalkylamines, indolealkylamines, and certain piperazines. Of these, phenylalkylamines, most notably substituted phenylisopropylamines, are considered the most selective agonists for 5-HT(2) receptors. This review summarizes the structure-activity relationships (SAR) of phenylalkylamines as agonist ligands for 5-HT(2A) receptors. Selectivity is a central theme, as is selectivity for the 5-HT(2A) receptor and for its specific signaling pathways. SAR data from receptor affinity studies, functional assays, behavioral drug discrimination as well as human studies are discussed.     

阿奇霉素及其关键中间体的合成研究进展

以红霉素A为原料经肟化反应、贝克曼(Beckman)重排反应、还原反应和N-甲基化还原反应制备大环内酯类药物阿奇霉素是一条合理的合成技术路线.本文着重评述了阿奇霉素和关键中间体红霉素A(E)肟、红霉素A6,9-亚胺醚、9-脱氧-a-氮杂-9a-类红霉素A的合成方法,提出今后阿奇霉素及其关键中间体合成工艺研究方向和需解决的关键问题.