球形容器液压胀形计算机模拟系统的开发

针对球形容器液压胀形工艺的特殊要求开发了专用的微机版计算机模拟系统,主程序采用弹塑性非线性有限元程序,专门开发了前后处理程序。本文主要介绍了该模拟系统的前后处理程序设计。     

双层球形容器整体液压胀形有限元数值模拟

本文基于弹塑性大变形三维非线性有限元和间隙接触元，首镒对棱台型双层无间隙球形容器无模胀球成型过程进行了较全面的数值模拟，得到了内外层球壳板面主形规律和胀球过程中不同位置处法向接触力的大小与分布规律，卸载后的间隙分布及贴合情况，内外层壁厚的变化规律。     

铝合金管件液压胀形的实验及仿真分析

为深入了解薄壁管在不同加载路径下的成形情况及变形规律,采用仿真分析与实验测试相结合的方法对薄壁管件在内部液压下的塑性变形特征进行研究,并自行搭建了能够实现铝合金管件液力成形的实验系统,进行了不同工况下的胀形试验.基于ABAQUS非线性有限元软件对铝合金管件液压胀形过程进行数值模拟,通过将仿真结果与实验结果进行对比,验证了有限元模型的正确性,以此为基础,对胀形管件的失效形式、壁厚分布以及合理的加载路径进行研究,并总结了胀形管件的变形规律,为研究复杂变截面管件液压成形提供了有益的参考.     

圆板液压胀形件失稳变形理论和其顶点极限应变的预测

本文依据最小变形能量原理，分析了板料液压胀形件的失稳变形机制；并在此基础上，提出了圆板液压胀形件顶点的极限应变预测方法。采用作者新近提出的正交异形非二次式屈服函数，对一些正并异性板进行了应用；结果表明，预测结果与试验结果基本一致。     

超塑约束胀形贴模过程及厚度分布的FEM模拟

采用大变形刚粘塑性有限元法，成功地模拟了圆板料向轴对称锥形凹模内超塑约事胀形时，胀形件贴模过程，提出了简例磨擦处理方法，给出了保证计算过程稳定性的处理方法。     

汽车桥壳液压胀形工艺的研究及最新进展

介绍了半滑动式液压胀形的基本思想以及小型汽车桥壳的液压胀形工艺过程,在普通液压机上试制出模拟样件。提出了钢管胀压成形工艺,先将两端缩径的管坯进行液压胀形得到轴对称的预成形管坯,再对其内部充液（水）并用模具压制成形,并试制出胀压成形桥壳样件。与液压胀形样件比较表明：胀压成形样件轮廓清楚,桥包部分过渡小圆角贴模性好,壁厚减薄量小,成形液压力低。     

管材无凹模冲孔数值模拟与实验研究

利用DEFORM-3D软件对管材无凹模冲孔进行了一系列有限元模拟，根据模拟得到的数据建立了数学模型，定量分析了管材无凹模冲孔时凹坑变形量的大小与钢管的直径、孔的大小、壁厚、材质和模具设计等工艺设计参数之间的关系，再根据实验测量值，修正了模拟偏差，得到了无凹模冲孔凹坑变形量与成形参数之间的数学公式，     

一种新型平板壳体的整体胀球过程有限元模拟与实验研究

提出一种新型平板焊接多面壳体(棱台组合壳体)的整体胀形造球工艺技术,并应用非线性有限元法与实验相结合使这一工艺实施成功,其产品在建筑供水系统中得到应用,并由此方法导至了双层球罐整体胀形的成功。     

钨合金丝材无模流变成形温度梯度及流动应力梯度

分析了目前钨合金丝材加工技术特点、变形过程存在的技术问题，分析了采用无模流变成形技术加工钨合金丝材的可行性及变形机制，确定了钨合金丝材无模变成形的温度场模型和流动应力模型，得到了钨合金丝材无模流变成形变形区温度梯度及流动应力梯度。     

X100管线钢的高温变形力学行为

采用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机对X100管线钢进行单道次压缩试验,研究其变形抗力与应变量、应变速率和变形温度的关系,利用回归分析确立合适的变形抗力数学模型,并将模型预测值与试验值进行比较。结果表明,变形温度对X100管线钢变形抗力影响显著;高温低应变速率更有利于X100管线钢回复和再结晶的发生;应变速率过高会引起非稳态变形,不利于X100管线钢轧制过程的控制;利用回归分析确定的变形抗力模型能够准确预测X100管线钢的变形抗力,相关系数为0.986。     

Hot deformation behavior of microstructural constituents in a duplex stainless steel during high-temperature straining

The hot deformation characteristics of 1.4462 duplex stainless steel （DSS） were analyzed by considering strain partitioning between austenite and ferrite constituents. The individual behavior of ferrite and austenite in microstructure was studied in an iso-stress condition. Hot compression tests were performed at temperatures of 800-1100~C and strain rates of 0.001-1 s-1. The flow stress was modeled by a hyperbolic sine constitutive equation, the corresponding constants and apparent activation energies were determined for the studied alloys. The constitutive equation and law of mixture were used to measure the contribution factor of each phase at any given strain. It is found that the contribution factor of ferrite exponentially declines as the Zener-HoUomon parameter （Z） increases. On the contrary, the austenite contribution polynomially increases with the increase of Z. At low Z values below 2.6. x 1015 （lnZ---35.5）, a negative contribution factor is determined for austenite that is attributed to dynamic recrystallization. At high Z values, the contribution factor of austenite is about two orders of magnitude greater than that of ferrite, and therefore, austenite can accommodate more strain. Microstructural characterization via electron back-scattered diffraction （EBSD） confirms the mechanical results and shows that austenite recrystallization is possible only at high temperature and low strain rate.     

一种含氮高铬冷轧辊用钢的热变形行为研究

对一种8%Cr冷轧辊用钢在950～1200℃以0.1～10s~（-1）的变形速率进行热压缩变形,通过流变曲线分析、动力学分析及热加工图技术等方法表征其热变形时的力学行为,并对变形后的显微组织进行观察。结果表明：Cr8N钢的加工硬化率和流变应力随着变形温度的升高和应变速率的降低而降低,功率耗散百分数随着Z参数的增大而降低;上述变形条件下Cr8N钢的热变形激活能为542kJ/mol,加工硬化指数为5.25;获得了该钢的热变形方程以及Z参数和峰值应力间的关系。     

压缩变形对BNbRE钢组织的影响

利用Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机研究了变形量、变形道次数等对BNbRE钢组织形态的影响.利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜,观察了BNbRE钢试样的组织形态,利用洛氏硬度计测试了试样的硬度值.结果表明,随着变形量的增加,BNbRE钢显微组织明显变细.变形量越大,珠光体的片间距就越小,珠光体的强度和硬度就越高.在其他条件相同时,变形道次数对BNbRE钢显微组织影响不大.     

圆钢管再生混凝土柱轴压试验研究

通过8根圆钢管再生混凝土柱进行轴压试验,研究构件长细比、钢管壁厚以及添加废弃混凝土块体等因素对试件轴压性能的影响,获得试件承载力、轴向变形、轴向和环向应变等参数。试验表明,钢管再生混凝土试件主要为弹塑性失稳破坏;构件长细比对试件的承载力有一定影响,轴向承载力随着试件的长细比的增大而减小;钢管壁厚对试件的承载力影响较大,钢管壁厚越大,其极限承载力就越大;添加混凝土块体对轴压承载力影响不大。     

Research on flow stress in ferrite deformation of a Ti-IF steel

The experiments of the ferrite warm deformation of ultra-low carbon （ULC） Ti-IF steel were carded out on a hot simulator and the influences of deformation temperature, strain, and strain rate on the flow stress were analyzed. New flow stress models suitable to ferrite warm forming of Ti-IF steel were given on the basis of analyzing the influence of deformation technology parameters on the flow stress.     

ZG20SiMn铸钢的应变疲劳行为研究

为了深入理解ZG20SiMn铸钢在应变疲劳期间的循环变形及断裂行为,在应变控制模式下针对ZG20SiMn铸钢的疲劳行为进行了研究.结果表明,在应变控制的加载模式下,ZG20SiMn铸钢可表现为循环硬化和循环稳定特征,主要取决于外加总应变幅的高低,且其弹性应变幅、塑性应变幅与疲劳断裂时的载荷反向周次之间表现为单斜率线性行为.透射电镜分析结果表明,ZG20SiMn的疲劳变形机制主要为波状滑移机制.扫描电镜分析结果表明,在不同的外加总应变幅下,疲劳裂纹均以穿晶方式萌生于ZG20SiMn铸钢试样表面,并以穿晶方式扩展.     

20CrMnTiH钢临界应变模型研究

采用THERMECMASTOR-Z热模拟试验机,对20CrMnTiH钢试样进行热模拟试验,研究材料的变形温度和应变速率对峰值应变的影响。采用Sellars模型结构建立20CrMnTiH钢的临界应变数学模型。根据热模拟试验结果,用MATLAB软件进行回归分析,得出模型的待定系数。误差分析结果表明,该临界应变模型的预测精度较高。     

High temperature plastic deformation behavior of non-oriented electrical steel

High temperature plastic deformation behavior of non-orientated electrical steel was investigated by Gleeble 1500 thermo-mechanical simulator at strain rate of 0.01−10 s⁻¹ and high temperature of 500–1 200 °C. The stress level factor (a), stress exponent (n), structural factor (A) and activation energy (Q) of high temperature plastic deformation process of non-orientated electrical steel in different temperature ranges were calculated by the Arrhenius model. The results show that, with dynamic elevation of deformation temperature, phase transformation from α-Fe to γ-Fe takes place simultaneously during plastic deformation, dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization process, leading to an irregular change of the steady flow stress. For high temperature plastic deformation between 500 and 800°C, the calculated values of a, n, A, and Q are 0.039 0 MPa⁻¹, 7.93, 1.9×10¹⁸ s⁻¹, and 334.8 kJ/mol, respectively, and for high temperature plastic deformation between 1 050 and 1 200 °C, the calculated values of a, n, A, and Q are 0.125 8 MPa⁻¹, 5.29, 1.0×10²⁸ s⁻¹, and 769.9 kJ/mol, respectively. Foundation item: Project(2005038560) supported by the Postdoctoral Foundation of China; Project(05GK1002-2) supported by Key Program of Hunan Province