水性环氧树脂涂料固化机理的研究

以自制水性环氧树脂固化剂与自制的E型非离子型水性环氧树脂乳胶混合,于室温下固化交联,观察固化效果与涂膜性能,探究其固化机理,并提出固化模型,以期指导固化剂的结构设计。利用粒径分析、激光共聚焦显微镜(LSCM)、透射电镜(TEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)等测试方法,对其固化过程和固化效果进行了表征。结果表明:固化剂胶粒吸附于水性环氧树脂胶粒表面,随水分挥发,二者相互扩散、融合、交联,但扩散快于交联,最终固化均匀完全,涂膜致密均一。     

An epoxy novolac emulsion system for ambient cure protective coatings

Conclusions  Water-borne two-pack coatings based on a novel low particle size epoxy novolac emulsion, crosslinked with polycycloaliphatic polyamine provide a good balance of several properties. Because the films cured possess a high crosslink density of cross linkage, expectations such as rapid through film drying time, high hardness development at an early stage during cure, very good film formation at 10°C and 80% R.H., and chemical resistance can be met. However, there are also adverse aspects to consider regarding the combination of a water-insoluble hydrophobic polyamine and a modified epoxy novolac emulsion. eg no visible end of pot life, relative short pot life and a brittleness of coatings associated with a tendency to peeling when exposed to salt spray and humid conditions. The study also revealed that the quality of a cured two-component epoxy binder emulsion system depends to a great extent on the quality of the emulsion, particularly on the size and distribution of the droplets. A low particle size epoxy emulsion improves the film formation, drying time, water resistance, gloss, adhesion and hardness. For this purpose epoxy emulsions with a narrow particle size distribution and relatively low particle size (mean value ca. 0.4 μm) can be developed using a proprietary mechanical emulsion process. The aqueous coating system described may be useful for applications where conventional epoxy novolacs are already used as low temperature heat cure coatings like drill pipe coatings, oil pipelines and fuel storage tanks and in fields where their chemical, water and solvent resistance can be utilised. Further ambient cure applications may be protective coatings for indoor use, eg food factories, schools, hospitals and office buildings, industrial maintenance coatings for concrete, mortar, bricks, plaster and wood.     

新型非离子型水性环氧固化剂的合成及性能研究

为提高水性环氧涂料的固化性能和适用期,以自制聚酰胺和生物基戊二胺为起始原料,聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚（ PEGGE）为亲水链段,双酚 A型环氧树脂（ E-51）为疏水链段,邻甲苯缩水甘油醚（ CGE）为封端剂制备了非离子型低温水性环氧固化剂,并与自制水性环氧乳液复配制得双组分水性环氧涂料。考察了环氧固化剂合成工艺参数及涂膜各项性能。结果表明：该固化剂含有较长的柔性脂肪烃碳链和聚醚链段能够提高涂膜的柔韧性;双酚 A型环氧树脂参与扩链反应能够解决与乳液不兼容等问题;苯环结构增加了涂膜的硬度;涂膜室温固化后性能优异,具有良好的物理机械性能、耐水性、耐酸碱性和耐盐雾性。     

乙酰乙酸基甲基丙烯酸乙酯/乙二胺体系对室温自交联苯丙乳液性能的影响

为克服线型结构苯丙乳液聚合物的缺点,采用半连续种子预乳化工艺在乳液聚合中引入乙酰乙酸基甲基丙烯酸乙酯(AAEM),以乙二胺(EDA)为交联剂,获得室温自交联苯丙乳液。研究了AAEM/EDA体系对苯丙乳液聚合物性能的影响,以及在水性涂料中的应用。结果表明,该体系能够在苯丙乳液成膜时发生室温自交联,提高聚合物的耐水性、耐溶剂性、热稳定性与物理机械性能,并改善苯丙乳液涂料漆膜的光泽、耐洗刷性、附着力、耐盐水性与耐盐雾性。     

水性环氧树脂涂料适用期的研讨

研究探讨了水性环氧树脂涂料适用期方面的相关规律与特点。结果表明固化剂乳化型水性环氧树脂涂料的适用期一般较短;其与溶剂型环氧树脂涂料一样,可以用黏度变化来判断其适用期的长短;而对于水性环氧固化剂乳液与水性环氧树脂乳液所组成的水性环氧树脂涂料体系,其适用期较长,并且应以涂膜的性能,如涂膜光泽度的变化来确定。     

Recent advances in aqueous two-component systems for heavy-duty metal protection

Although waterborne coatings have successfully replaced their solventborne counterparts in a variety of areas, their use generally has been limited to applications with relatively modest performance requirements. Recently, advances in technology have allowed for the design of waterborne coatings with performance suitable for more demanding applications. The emergence of two-component waterborne polyurethane coatings exemplifies this trend. These coatings can provide performance similar to that of solventborne 2-pack urethanes, but with much lower VOC. The chemistry of these coatings is discussed, in light of its relevance to some of the technical challenges, e.g., pot life and CO₂-gassing in thick films, unique to these systems. The use of 2-pack waterborne urethane topcoats in combination with low VOC waterborne acrylic/epoxy primers and intermediate coats is also described. Such multiple coat systems offer the promise of long term corrosion protection in severe industrial and marine environments, coupled with very low VOC.     

水性带锈涂料的现状与发展

水性带锈涂料的分类:按成膜树脂分为醇酸类、环氧类、油性酚醛类、环氧-煤焦油、环氧-聚乙烯醇缩丁醛类等;按抗锈作用原理分为渗透型、转化型和稳定型三种;阐述了制取水性成膜物质的主要途径和各类涂料的发展以及优缺点.较为系统地介绍了醇酸类、丙烯酸酯类、聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯共聚树脂并介绍了水性防腐涂料用乳胶液的研究进展概况及水性带锈涂料的作用原理,对封闭锈层的方法、铁锈的转化和稳定过程以及水性带锈涂料有待解决的问题均作了详细阐述.     

超支化碳钛笼水性树脂涂层微观形貌及其防污机理的研究

选取超支化碳钛笼水性树脂为研究对象,通过扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)表征了超支化碳钛笼水性树脂及其涂层的微观形貌。采用接触角测量仪测试了超支化碳钛笼水性树脂涂层的油水接触角,并计算了涂层的表面能。通过平板培养法和漆膜浸泡法研究了超支化碳钛笼水性树脂乳液及涂层对大肠杆菌的抗菌效果。研究结果表明:碳钛笼涂层具有优异的防污性能,是微纳结构和抗菌作用协同作用的结果,其中微纳结构对防污性能起主要作用。分析了超支化碳钛笼水性树脂涂层的防污机理,为高效环保防污涂层的制备及应用提供参考。     

非离子水性环氧低温固化剂的制备及固化研究

采用聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚、双酚A型环氧树脂、脂肪族多胺或芳香族多胺合成了非离子型低温干固化水性环氧同化剂.研究了采用不同种类的多胺制备的固化剂、聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚含量对固化剂外观、稳定性及固化性能的影响,研究了水性环氧体系的成膜过程及其活化期,讨论了不同的环氧/胺氢固化比例对最终固化性能的影响.     

水性聚氨酯涂料光泽控制——理论与实践

光泽作为涂料的一个重要的美学价值体现,很大程度上影响涂装产品的客户需求。为了控制水性聚氨酯涂料的光泽,需要从理论上了解涂料光泽与树脂结构的关系。文章首先介绍了涂料光泽的基本理论,在理论基础上探讨了水性聚氨酯结构(聚合物结构的反射率、折射率、分散体粒径、涂膜表面粗糙度以及成膜过程)对涂料光泽的影响。     

Effects of carbon nanotube content on adhesion strength and wear and corrosion resistance of epoxy composite coatings on AA2024-T3

The effects of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) content on the adhesion strength and wear and corrosion resistance of the epoxy composite coatings prepared on aluminum alloy (AA) 2024-T3 substrates were evaluated using atomic force microscopy (AFM), blister test, ball-on-disk micro-tribological test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The adhesion strength of the epoxy composite coatings improved with increasing MWCNT content. Increased MWCNT content also decreased the friction coefficient and increased the wear resistance of the epoxy composite coatings due to improved solid lubricating and rolling effects of the MWCNTs and the improved load bearing capacity of the composite coatings. Finally, EIS indicated that increased MWCNT content increased the coating pore resistance due to a decreased porosity density, which resulted in an increase in the total impedance of the coated samples.     

基料和颜料对乳胶漆光泽的影响

研究了建筑涂料中常用的相同基料、不同颜料,及相同颜料、不同基料时,漆膜光泽随颜料体积浓度（ＰＶＣ）变化的关系。随着ＰＶＣ的增加,漆膜光泽逐渐减弱,但不同的基料及颜料对漆膜光泽的变化影响程度不同。主要探讨了漆膜光泽与基料颜料的折射率、密度、粒径的关系。漆膜的光泽随着基料和颜料折射率的增大、粒径的减小而增大;随着颜料密度增加、颜料分散性降低而减弱。     

Tribological analysis of glass fibers using atomic force microscopy (AFM)/lateral force microscopy (LFM)

By using atomic force microscopy (AFM)/lateral force microscopy (LFM), a comparative study of the topography as well as the tribological properties (at a micrometer scale) of sized E‐glass fibers was done. Normal and lateral deflection signals are recorded when an AFM tip scans a fiber surface. Friction force data were obtained from the forward and backward scans of lateral force images whose contrasts reveal differences in friction coefficient values and, hence, surface chemical heterogeneity of certain‐sized glass fibers. Sizes having an epoxy film former lead to a higher friction coefficient value than those containing a starch film former. Moreover, the epoxy‐containing size is more readily plowed by the AFM tip. Annealing of this size lowers its friction coefficient. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 75: 1013–1025, 2000     

环氧树脂基双组分水性聚氨酯的制备及其在木器涂料中的应用

为提高双组分水性聚氨酯的室温交联速度,将N-苄基乙醇胺引入到环氧树脂制备了环氧树脂基水性多元醇,表征了多元醇的化学结构,并测定了其相对分子质量、粒径分布和玻璃化温度等主要技术参数。将环氧树脂基水性多元醇与多异氰酸酯配合制备了双组分水性聚氨酯,采用红外光谱法研究了室温交联反应过程。研究结果表明:多元醇分子结构中引入苄胺基加快了双组分水性聚氨酯的交联反应速度。将双组分水性聚氨酯制备成水性木器涂料,漆膜具有优异的耐冲击性、附着力、柔韧性、光泽、耐液体介质、硬度、丰满度等性能。     

非VOC成膜助剂在水性丙烯酸木器涂料中的应用研究

研究了高沸点成膜助剂在水性丙烯酸木器涂料中的应用,并和二丙二醇丁醚DPnB比较,进行了涂料黏度稳定性、涂膜光泽、硬度建立、打磨性、抗黏连、铅笔硬度的测试.测试结果表明,该成膜助剂对于聚合物颗粒的溶胀作用比DPnB更强,不影响涂料的贮存稳定性,涂膜光泽高,随放置时间的加长,涂膜的摆杆硬度逐渐上升且涂膜硬度建立没有出现显著...     

紧固件防护涂层的制备及耐蚀性能研究

阐述了水性含氟涂层和水性纳米铝粉环氧涂层的配方及固化工艺研究,制备用于紧固件腐蚀防护的水性有机涂层。使用DSC对涂层的工艺进行了优化,使用SEM对涂层表面形貌进行了表征。利用电化学阻抗谱(EIS)对两种涂层的耐腐蚀性能进行了研究,结果表明:制备出的含氟涂层致密孔隙少,耐腐蚀性能明显优于水性纳米复合涂层。     

100%UV固化涂料的最佳消光效应

一般溶剂型涂料和水性涂料使用消光剂来获得低光泽或亚光效果，但对100％UV固化涂料体系，因固化时涂膜收缩很少而使其消光相当困难。尽管如此，采用特殊表面处理的消光剂仍可获得理想的亚光效果。为了获得生产上稳定的低光泽，除选用合适的消光剂外，还要考虑配方组成、施工和固化条件，甚至底材对涂膜光泽的影响。本文讨论了消光剂、配方组成、施工和固化条件等对100％UV固化涂料光泽的影响。     

浅谈防流挂增稠剂对水性木器涂料光泽的影响

验证了无机增稠剂、纤维素醚类增稠剂、碱溶胀丙烯酸型增稠剂、聚氨酯型增稠剂在水性木器涂料中的防流挂效果,对比了不同体系增稠剂对干膜涂层光泽的影响程度。结果表明:无机与纤维素醚类对涂层有消光作用;碱溶胀丙烯酸体系中不同品种、规格对光泽影响情况差别较大;聚氨酯类增稠剂对光泽影响最小,是制备水性亮光木器涂料的首选防流挂增稠剂。     

Waterborne acrylic-epoxy coatings

Waterborne two-component acrylic-epoxy coatings are gaining popularity as topcoats in moderate duty industrial and high performance architectural (HIPAC) applications. This increased popularity is due to their attractive handling, application, and performance properties, along with their low solvent content and odor. The objectives of this work were to characterize the cure and property development of these coatings, evaluate performance properties of cured films, and investigate a new epoxy resin dispersion in existing acrylic-epoxy formulations. These evaluations confirmed that existing acrylic-epoxy coatings have long pot life and short dry times while displaying a range of chemical resistance and physical properties. IR spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results indicated that the extent of cure at ambient conditions over a 21-day period was minimal; however, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and solvent swell results did illustrate noticeable crosslink density development under these conditions. DSC results demonstrated more complete reaction and cure after heating. Direct substitution of a novel epoxy resin dispersion into these formulas resulted in lower required solvent content, shorter dry time, higher gloss, higher crosslink density, and improved water and scrub resistance. Presented at the 79th Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, on November 5–7, 2001, in Atlanta GA. 7201 Hamilton Blvd., MailStop R3108, Allentown, PA 18195-1501.     

High performance waterborne coatings based on dispersions of a solid epoxy resin and an amine-functional curing agent

A novel, waterborne epoxy system comprised of non-ionic stabilized dispersions of a solid epoxy resin and an amine curing agent has been designed for ambient-cure coatings. The performance characteristics of coatings formulated from the new system have been compared to a standard system. The new system produced formulated coatings with robust performance over a wide range of amine-to-epoxy stoichiometries (65 to 130%). At 100% stoichiometry, the new system was found to have lower VOC, faster hardness development, better gloss, and higher impact resistance than the standard system. The new formulations also exhibited superior water and salt spray resistance, and a definitive viscosity rise at the end of potlife. Unlike the standard system, coating morphology of the new waterborne system was found to be similar to a solvent-based coating. For the new system, good coalescing solvents, as judged by gloss and gloss potlife, were found to have low solubility parameters and high boiling points. Presented at the 76th Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, on October 15, 1998, in New Orleans, LA. P.O. Box 1380, Houston, TX 77251-1380.