催化柴油加氢装置节能降耗优化

分析了洛阳分公司催柴加氢装置生产运行中出现的问题，提出了改进意见及方案。使用阻垢剂，可有效降低加氢裂化装置循环氢加热炉热负荷；在分馏系统采用缓蚀剂，有效减缓了装置的腐蚀速率；通过提高原料质量，对反应器催化剂进行工艺处理，可以适当延长加氢精制装置的运行周期。     

高温高压临氢换热器硫化氢腐蚀原因与修复

分析了高温高压临氢换热器硫化氢腐蚀原因,介绍了腐蚀表面现场修复方法,包括腐蚀表面加工、预热、施焊操作与安全防护、焊后热处理及检验等关键工艺。采用ER309LSi不锈钢作为堆焊层,通过合理的焊接工艺,可以减缓温高氢-硫化氢环境下的腐蚀。     

直柴加氢装置加工航煤的工业试验

随着原油性质不断变差,航煤质量控制难度加大,时常出现硫醇硫、银片腐蚀、颜色不合格等问题。为了找到最佳的航煤精制途径,解决航煤质量问题,利用直柴加氢精制装置进行了加工航煤的工业试验。试验证明,直柴加氢精制工艺可行。     

MTBE装置甲醇回收系统腐蚀原因分析及对策

通过腐蚀产物能谱分析,检测塔内工艺物料的p H值、铁离子含量,并对废催化剂进行浸泡实验分析,结合生产工艺条件确定了甲醇回收系统的腐蚀原因是催化剂失活导致工艺介质呈酸性,既存在析氢腐蚀也存在吸氧腐蚀,并提出了相应的防护对策。     

MTBE装置甲醇回收系统腐蚀原因及对策研究

本文为查清MTBE装置甲醇回收系统腐蚀的原因,对该系统的回收塔、换热器和再沸器等设备腐蚀状况逐一进行研究。结果表明,甲醇回收系统的主要腐蚀形式为电化学腐蚀,既存在氢去极化腐蚀,也存在氧去极化腐蚀。同时,根据研究结果制订的工艺措施有效减轻了设备的腐蚀程度。     

钛与其合金的应用及钛的氢脆腐蚀与防护

介绍化工设备中常用的钛与钛合金的种类、性能，腐蚀机理及耐蚀特性；从氢含量，温度、环境、应力等因素入手，讨论氢脆腐蚀的机理，提出了降低钛材中的氢含量，提高钛合金中氢的固溶度，选择正确的热处理工艺，消除残余应力等措施防止氢脆。     

MTBE装置甲醇回收系统腐蚀原因分析及对策

分析了甲醇回收系统的腐蚀原因,分析结果表明,甲醇回收系统的腐蚀是电化学腐蚀,既存在析氢腐蚀也存在吸氧腐蚀,同时还存在机械磨损,分析结果有助于在工艺上采取减轻设备腐蚀方法的选择。     

克劳斯硫磺回收装置设备腐蚀分析及对策

硫磺回收装置的腐蚀是炼油企业面临的普遍性问题,文章探讨了硫磺回收装置中存在的高温硫腐蚀、氢腐蚀、低温H2S腐蚀、低温SO,露点腐蚀、低温SO：露点腐蚀、RNH：（乙醇胺）-CO2-H2S—H2O腐蚀等主要的腐蚀形态,并分析了各种腐蚀形态对应的腐蚀机理,且在工艺和设备方面提出了有针对性的防腐蚀措施。     

催化重整装置氯腐蚀问题的探讨

探讨了催化重整装置氯腐蚀形成的原因和存在的部位,提出了减缓氯腐蚀的可行改进方法。工艺改进包括在脱戊烷塔进料处增设脱氯塔及将低温吸附脱氯工艺和碱洗脱氯工艺串联使用;操作改进包括在线水冲洗、控制循环氢中的水含量和阻止催化剂比表面积的减少等措施。实际生产结果表明,改进措施有效缓解了由氯腐蚀引起的一些问题。     

柴油加氢装置的腐蚀与防护

在高温下的氢和硫化氢以及在低温下的硫化氢和硫化铵、氯化铵是造成柴油加氢装置腐蚀的主要原因。针对装置腐蚀的特点,采用耐腐蚀不绣钢或者加注缓蚀剂以及水洗等工艺措施可使腐蚀得到抑制。     

细菌微生物对工业油田生产的危害及机理研究

细菌微生物在工业循环冷却水系统及油田回注水系统中大量繁殖,严重影响了正常生产运行。细菌微生物主要包括三类:硫酸盐还原菌、腐生菌及铁细菌。详细论述了细菌微生物对工业油田的危害,并阐述了三种细菌各自的腐蚀作用机理。     

柴油自热重整制氢反应及反应器

设计了带预热段的绝热管式反应器(A型)和带喷嘴及预热段的绝热管式反应器(B型),设计了相应流程并组建了柴油自热重整制氢装置,以直馏柴油为原料,研究了2种反应器内的柴油自热重整制氢反应行为。研究结果表明:2种结构的反应器均能用于柴油自热重整制氢,采用带喷嘴的绝热管式反应器可以确保雾化及气化效果良好,柴油热裂解生成甲烷的反应有助于柴油制氢过程。     

Hydrotreating Model Comparison of Raw Castor Oil and its Methyl Esters for Biofuel Production

Some of the main problems during vegetable oil hydrotreating are the high heat of reaction released, the huge quantity of expensive hydrogen required, and the high corrosion rates in the equipment. Some insights into the advantages and disadvantages of processing raw vegetable oils or their respective fatty acid methyl esters are given. The ASPEN Plus process simulator was used for the simulation of a hydrotreating process, with two different feedstocks coming from the same plant: raw castor oil and castor oil methyl esters. That process was modeled with two stoichiometric reactors in series. The technical viability of using methyl esters as hydrotreating feedstock for the production of biofuels such as green gasoline and diesel is demonstrated.     

Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz in Systemen mit neuen Energieträgern und Brennstoffen

Corrosion and corrosion protection in systems utilizing new energy sources and fuels . New energy carriers such as methanol, ethanol, hydrogen, and biogas are of increasing interest for the substitution of the fossil fuels oil, natural gas, and coal. The analysis of production, handling, and use of such energy carriers with regard to materials and corrosion protection technology gives various results. Some of the problems can be solved by conventional technologies (production of ethanol and biogas). For others, further development work is needed (production of methanol; methanol and ethanol as substitute motor fuels). The problems encountered within the framework of a hydrogen energy technology are known and can be solved for the handling of hydrogen but they are still unsolved for special production processes (hybrid processes with sulfuric acid).     

高效缓蚀阻垢剂在小型柴油发电机循环水的应用

新型KA-1缓蚀阻垢剂用于小型柴油发电机组循环冷却水处理,解决了设备的结垢、腐蚀等问题,实际运行效果显著,经济效益和社会效益明显。     

循氢机循环量及相关参数波动分析报告

加氢精制装置全年处理量120万 t,于2008年1月建成投产.以常减压直镏柴油和少量焦化汽柴油为原料,将原料中金属、硫、氮、氧等脱出.2010年1月在装置高处理量时,循环氢压缩机入口流量、原料泵出口流量、新氢机出口压力、系统压力等相关参数均出现波动.通过类似异常情况中的数据的比对和查找相关资料得出结论以供参考.     

炼厂柴油罐腐蚀的预防

炼油厂的柴油罐腐蚀具备局部性、隐蔽性,发生穿孔后处理比较麻烦。以抚顺石化储运厂柴油罐防腐工作为例,介绍了柴油罐腐蚀的影响因素、腐蚀的特点及分析和预防的办法。     

柴油微乳酸体系的制备及其性能研究

The microemulsified acid system composed by diesel oil, hydrochloric acid and emulsifier was investi- gated in this paper. The stability of microemulsified acid and the phase behavior of the microemulsified system Were studied. The size distribution and the corrosion inhibition performance were also observed. The results showed that the diesel oil microemulsified acid system possessed small size and good stability under different temperature.The tolerance to CaCl2 reached 80 g·L^-1. Compared with the same concentration hydrochloric acid solution, the corrosion inhibition performance of the diesel oil microemulsified acid system was remarkable.     

安庆石化蜡油加氢装置开工过程及问题处理

着重介绍了蜡油加氢装置反应系统的主要开工步骤,以及在开工过程中出现的主要问题及解决方法,为装置的一次试车成功提供了保障,同时优化了催化、裂解装置的原料性质,改善了全厂生产汽柴油生产方案。     

Experimental investigation of the effects of diesel-like fuel obtained from waste lubrication oil on engine performance and exhaust emission

In this study, effects of diesel-like fuel (DLF) on engine performance and exhaust emission are investigated experimentally. The DLF is produced from waste engine lubrication oil purified from dust, heavy carbon soot, metal particles, gum-type materials and other impurities. A fuel production system mainly consisting of a waste oil storage tank, filters, a reactor, oil pump, a product storage tank, thermostats and control panel is designed and manufactured. The DLF is produced by using the system and applying pyrolitic distillation method. Characteristics, performance and exhaust emissions tests of the produced DLF are carried out at the end of the production. The characteristic tests such as density, viscosity, flash point, heating value, sulfur content and distillation of the DLF sample are performed utilizing test equipments presented in motor laboratory of Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Gaziantep, Turkey. Performance and exhaust emission tests for the DLF are performed using diesel test engine. It is observed from the test results that about 60 cc out of each 100 cc of the waste oil are converted into the DLF. Characteristics and distillation temperatures of the DLF are close to those values of a typical diesel fuel sample. It is observed that the produced DLF can be used in diesel engines without any problem in terms of engine performance. The DLF increases torque, brake mean effective pressure, brake thermal efficiency and decreases brake specific fuel consumption of the engine for full power of operation.