浅谈榫卯结构在古建筑木结构抗震中的作用

本文对榫卯结构的特点进行了介绍，探讨我国古建筑木结构的抗震能力，并通过抗震实例分析榫卯结构的抗震作用。     

桥梁抗震概念设计的应用研究

阐述了抗震概念设计的基本含义，针对拱桥结构体系进行地震响应分析，从结构自身的动力特性着手，对其抗震概念设计进行了探讨，分析研究显示，合理选择伸缩缝的设置位置，可以显著改善全桥结构的抗震性能。     

某电厂碎煤机室结构抗震设计优化

层间位移角已作为检验建筑结构抗震性能的主要指标之一而被广泛应用。某电厂碎煤机室结构设计中，对碎煤机室的结构形式进行了分析与对比。由于室内斜栈桥的存在，钢筋混凝土框架结构对抗震变形非常不利，根据碎煤机室的结构特点，改用钢筋混凝土框架一抗震墙结构，满足了抗震变形验算，进而又对抗震墙的设置方式进行了优化。     

上海东苑古龙城3号楼结构抗震分析

该文利用ANSYS有限元软件对上海某工程高层结构进行了抗震分析，通过对结构的分析，建立了大楼模型。在建立分析模型的基础上，对大楼的抗震性能进行了模态分析和时程分析，为实际工程建设提供了参考意见。     

砌体结构抗震设计的几点意见

阐述了砌体结构是一种传统的墙体材料，在我国各类建筑中占很大的比例，对砌体结构抗震设计及抗震性能进行了分析，介绍了新规范完善了对多层砌体结构构造柱设置的规定，从而提高砌体结构的抗震安全性。     

抗震结构可靠度分析及其应用

对抗震结构可靠度理论进行了分析和研究，并结合可靠度应用，介绍了在罕遇地震时用位移控制结构的抗震能力，平面规则性超限工程的设计和底部框架抗震墙房屋的抗震结构可靠度的研究和应用。     

不同弹塑性分析软件在超限高层建筑抗震性能分析中的联合应用研究

基于性能的设计方法很难将结构整体与局部关键构件的性能用一种结构分析软件全面把握，联合使用目前成熟的动力弹塑性分析软件PERFORM-3D和ABAQUS，可以利用各自特点对结构的抗震性能进行全面评价。以某超限高层结构为例，首先建立该结构在大震作用下所需达到的抗震性能目标，在PERFORM-3D软件中对整体结构在不同水准下的性能目标直接进行定义，使用ABAQUS软件对关键构件的钢骨、钢筋等局部应力状态进行分析。通过对结构构件性能水准的整体判定和关键构件的局部分析，全面评价了该超限高层结构的抗震性能，从而确定其是否达到预期的抗震性能目标。结果表明，两种软件的联合应用既可以反映结构的整体抗震承载力及抗侧刚度，又能够很好地把握结构关键构件的局部应力状态，可以更为全面且可靠地反映结构的抗震性能。     

陕西电力银河大厦结构抗震设计

本文结合陕西电力银河大厦工程抗震设计的实例，对抗震设防烈度为8度区内的B类高度的钢筋混凝土框筒结构的抗震设计方法进行了简要的阐述，重点就结构高度、平面形状、高宽比等问题进行了探讨。采用SATWE及ETABS(美国)计算软件对结构抗震进行了静力分析及动力时程分析的对比，为同类工程设计提供参考。     

基于有限元的采油平台抗震分析

利用有限元软件ANSYS／LS-DYNA对渤海埕北采油平台的三维模型进行了地震波作用下的抗震分析，找出现有平台抗震的薄弱环节，在此基础上对薄弱环节进行加固后再次进行了抗震分析，并且和加固前进行比较，得出了结构的抗震能力明显提高的结论。     

对底层框架-抗震墙砖房结构设计的探讨

从抗震概念设计、抗震计算要点、抗震构造三方面，结合新旧规范及算例，对底层框架抗震砖房结构抗震设计，以及框支墙梁的计算进行了分析探讨，提出了该类房屋的广泛适用性。     

框架——剪力墙结构的静力弹塑性分析研究

静力弹塑性方法作为一种评价结构抗震性能和计算结构弹塑性变形的简化方法,近年来得到了广泛应用。但由于传统的定侧力模式的静力弹塑性方法只考虑第一振型,无法反映高层建筑结构的高阶振型影响。为考虑高阶振型的影响,Chopra在振型分解反应谱组合法的基础上,提出了MPA方法。本文首先讨论了应用MPA方法需注意的问题,然后用一个18层钢筋混凝土框架—剪力墙结构为算例,以逐步增量弹塑性时程分析结果为基准,对传统定侧力模式静力弹塑性方法和MPA方法的分析结果进行了对比研究。结果表明,相比于定侧力模式静力弹塑性分析结果,MPA方法的分析结果更接近弹塑性时程分析结果。     

考虑高阶振型影响的改进的多模态推覆分析方法

将结构静力弹塑性分析与地震反应谱结合起来的Pushover方法是一种简单有效的结构抗震能力评定方法,本文简要介绍了这种方法的原理,并在多模态pushover分析方法的基础上,提出了改进的多模态pushover分析方法,用以建立钢框架结构的能力谱曲线。求解结构在性能点处的响应时,为了考虑高阶振型对结构抗震性能的影响,首次把振型质量参与系数应用到模态推覆分析结果的组合中。通过与弹塑性时程分析的比较,表明本文提出的改进的多模态推覆分析方法是可行的和准确的。     

框架结构静力弹塑性分析方法与非线性动力分析方法的对比

介绍了静力弹塑性(Pushover)和非线性动力基本分析方法和原理,为了探讨两种方法下结构分析的差异,对一按现行抗震规范设计的8层钢筋混凝土结构进行了3条地震波作用下的时程分析和5种侧向加载方式的静力弹塑性分析。通过结果的比较,提出对现行规范反应谱中长周期结构罕遇地震作用取值修改的建议。修改后,由两种方法分析所得到的结构在大震下的顶点位移、基底剪力、楼层位移和层间位移等结构反应非常接近。     

静力弹塑性分析——基于性能/位移抗震设计的分析工具

在基于性能/位移的抗震设计研究中,静力弹塑性分析作为计算分析工具越来越受到关注.作者介绍了弹塑性分析在结构抗震设计中的用途,讨论了需要进一步研究的问题.静力弹塑性分析用于日常的工程设计,还有许多配套的研究工作要做.     

Seismic nonlinear static new method of spatial asymmetric multi‐storey reinforced concrete buildings

In order to obtain the seismic demands of spatial asymmetric multi‐storey reinforced concrete (r/c) buildings, a new seismic nonlinear static (pushover) procedure that uses inelastic response acceleration spectra is presented in this paper. The latter makes use of the optimum equivalent nonlinear single degree of freedom system, which is used to represent the general spatial asymmetric multi‐storey r/c building. For each asymmetric multi‐storey building, a total of 12 suitable nonlinear static analyses are needed according to the new proposed procedure, whereas at least 96 suitable nonlinear dynamic analyses are required in the case of nonlinear response history analysis (NLRHA), respectively. In addition, the present paper provides answers to a series of further questions with reference to the spatial action of the two horizontal seismic components in the static nonlinear (pushover) analyses, as well as to the documented calculation of the available behaviour factor of the asymmetric multi‐storey r/c building. According to the paper, this new proposed seismic nonlinear static procedure is a natural extension of the documented equivalent seismic static linear (simplified spectral) method that is recommended by the established contemporary seismic codes, with reference to torsional provisions. Finally, through a restricted parametric analysis carried out in this paper, a relevant numerical example of a two‐storey r/c building is presented for illustration purposes, where the seismic demand floor inelastic displacements are compared with the respective displacements obtained by the NLRHA. Consequently, the new proposed seismic nonlinear static procedure, which uses inelastic response acceleration spectra, can reliably evaluate the extreme values of floor inelastic displacements (on the flexible and stiff side of the building), as is shown by the above comparisons. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

对结构静力弹塑性分析方法的几点改进

探讨了结构静力弹塑性分析方法的基本原理，指出了该方法目前存在的缺陷，基于模态Pushover法（MPA）提出了根据振型参与重量来确定对结构地震反应起主要影响的振型数以及两阶段的侧向力加载模式，并对确定结构目标位移的方法作了一些改进。采用动力时程分析法和改进的静力弹塑性方法，对一个优化钢框架结构的地震反应进行了数值模拟分析，其结果表明，采用本文改进的静力弹塑性分析方法对结构进行推覆分析，能较准确地模拟结构的地震反应，具有易操作、计算精度高的优点。     

On the applicability of pushover analysis for seismic evaluation of medium‐ and high‐rise buildings

The assumption that the dynamic performance of structures is mainly determined from the corresponding single‐degree‐of‐freedom system in pushover analysis is generally valid for low‐rise structures, where the structural behaviour is dominated by the first vibration mode. However, higher modes of medium‐ and high‐rise structures will have significant effect on the dynamic characteristics. In this paper, the applicability of pushover analysis for seismic evaluation of medium‐to‐high‐rise shear‐wall structures is investigated. The displacements and internal forces of shear wall structures with different heights are determined by nonlinear response history analysis, where the shear walls are considered as multi‐degree‐of‐freedom systems and modelled by fibre elements. The results of the analysis are compared with those from the pushover procedure. It is shown that pushover analysis generally underestimates inter‐storey drifts and rotations, in particular those at upper storeys of buildings, and overestimates the peak roof displacement at inelastic deformation stage. It is shown that neglecting higher mode effects in the analysis will significantly underestimate the shear force and overturning moment. It is suggested that pushover analysis may not be suitable for analysing high‐rise shear‐wall or wall‐frame structures. New procedures of seismic evaluation for shear‐wall and wall‐frame structures based on nonlinear response history analysis should be developed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An improved consecutive modal pushover procedure for estimating seismic demands of multi‐storey framed buildings

An improved consecutive modal pushover (ICMP) procedure is proposed to enhance the accuracy of conventional CMP procedure for estimating seismic demands of tall buildings. It accounts for inelastic structural properties and interaction between vibration modes. The displacement increment at the roof of buildings used in each stage of pushover analyses is modified based on the displacement contribution of each mode. The performance of the proposed ICMP procedure is verified against three high‐rise frames subjected to various ground motions. The results obtained from the ICMP procedure are compared with those from the nonlinear time history analysis, conventional pushover analysis, and CMP analysis. The comparison shows the advantages of the ICMP over the other pushover procedures. It is concluded that the ICMP procedure is more accurate than the CMP procedure.     

Seismic assessment of masonry arch bridges

In this paper, the seismic performance of existing masonry arch bridges is evaluated by using nonlinear static analysis, as suggested by several modern standards such as UNI ENV 1998-1 2003, OPCM 3274 2004, and FEMA 440 2005. The use of inelastic pushover analysis and response spectrum approaches becomes more difficult when structures other than the framed ones are investigated. This paper delves into the application of this methodology to masonry arch bridges by presenting two particular case studies. The need for experimental tests in order to calibrate the materials and the dynamic properties of the bridge is highlighted, in order to correctly model the most critical regions of the structure. The choice of the control node in the pushover analysis of masonry arch bridges and its influence on seismic safety evaluation is investigated. The ensuing discussion emphasizes important results, such as the unsuitability of the typical top node of the structure for describing the bridge seismic capacity. Finally, the seismic safety of the two bridges under consideration is verified by presenting an in-depth vulnerability analysis.     

Pushover方法的准确性和适用性研究

Pushover方法作为一种建筑结构弹塑性地震响应的简化近似计算方法和抗震性能评价方法已得到广泛应用。但由于其理论基础不严密,其准确性需要给予必要确认,同时其适用性也应受到一定的限制。本文以逐步增量弹塑性时程方法的结果为基准,分别以一个普通6层RC框架结构和一个18层RC框架-剪力墙结构为例,对Pushover方法的准确性和适用性进行了分析研究。结果表明,Pushover方法仅适用于以第一振型为主的高度不大的结构,且应采用两种以上的侧力模式;对于高阶振型影响较大的结构,该方法的准确性较差,承载力预测显著偏低。