无机陶瓷膜处理轧钢乳化液废水的研究

采用无机陶瓷膜处理轧钢乳化液废水，完全可以解决我国钢铁行业难以处理的乳化液废水问题；国产无机陶瓷膜替代进口同类设备，可大大降低处理成本，具有较大的经济效益和社会效益，其主要技术经济指标与国外同类技术相比具有较大的优势。     

电凝聚处理轧钢乳化液废水的研究

提出了应用电凝聚法处理轧钢生产的含油乳化液废水的有关工艺,试验考察了板间距、pH、电流密度、时间、投盐量等条件对废水处理效果的影响.研究结果表明:当pH为6,电流密度为4 mA/cm2,时间为40min,投盐质量浓度为1.25g/L,板间距为1 cm时,COD的去除率＞99.5%.     

无机陶瓷膜处理冷轧乳化液废水

１前言在钢铁厂,为了消除带钢冷轧时产生的变形热,常以乳化液作润滑、冷却剂。乳化液主要由２１０％的矿物油或植物油、乳化剂和水组成。由于乳化液因水分受热蒸发,使盐含量增加、稳定性降低,也会因氧化或细菌作用而变质,所以要连续排出一部分老的乳化液,补充新的乳...     

无机陶瓷微滤膜处理含油乳化液废水的污染机理探讨

讨论了用陶瓷微滤膜处理含油乳化废水过程的膜污染情况,初步探讨了此分离过程的污染机理;给出了阻力的大致分布,为采用有效方法控制污染提供了依据。     

震动膜超滤技术处理乳化液废水研究

考察了震动膜超滤处理技术对四种不同来源乳化液废水的效果和处理过程中膜通量变化,结果表明该技术对选用不同乳化液废水COD去除率在50.81%~95.25%,油类去除率在71.53%~98.96%,对SS能够100%截留,震动膜出水回收率为82%~85%,处理过程中,膜通量并没有随着运行时间的延长而降低,而是能够保持一定值甚至略有上升,表明震动膜超滤技术能够一定程度上改善膜污染现象,可用于乳化液废水处理预处理。     

预处理+无机陶瓷膜工艺处理乳化液废水的实验研究

实验采用预处理+无机陶瓷膜工艺对机械加工厂产生的乳化液废水进行处理.主要研究影响膜通量的几个操作条件:操作压力、膜面流速、温度对膜通量的影响情况,并确定了膜的合理操作条件;在此合理的操作条件下研究了膜通量、含油量、COD随时间的变化情况.结果表明,操作压力为0.36 MPa,膜面流速为4.66 m/s,温度为60℃时,...     

浅谈超滤法处理钢铁企业冷轧厂乳化液废水

简述了超滤膜技术在冷轧厂含油及乳化液废水处理方面的典型应用.并详细论述了超滤膜工艺的特点、超滤膜材质、超滤膜配置、去除机理、超滤膜工艺的典型操作模式、超滤膜法处理含油废水及乳化液废水的优缺北点、以及其处理效果等.实践证明:采用超滤法处理冷轧厂含油废水及乳化液废水,能达到污水净化的目标.     

人工湿地技术深度处理冷轧乳化液废水的可行性分析

根据国内钢铁行业冷轧乳化液废水的排放及其处理现状,提出了冷轧乳化液废水人工湿地深度处理技术方案.通过技术和经济效益的可行性分析,得出了人工湿地深度处理工艺具有投资低、运行费低、管理要求低等特点,同时利用人工湿地深度处理工艺处理冷轧乳化液废水在经济和技术上是可行的.     

乳化液膜法处理有机萘磺酸类废水的应用及稳定性

介绍了乳化液膜法处理含有机萘磺酸类工业废水的分离技术，分析了萃取过程中表面活性剂种类和浓度、内相浓度、外相pH等因素对膜稳定性的影响，论述了增强液膜稳定性的措施，并提出了该技术的研究进展和应用前景。     

陶瓷膜处理分子筛废液工艺条件的研究

考察了陶瓷膜回收分子筛废液中操作条件对膜通量和膜稳定通量的影响,确定了合适的操作条件：在室温下,操作压力为0．15MPa、错流流速为1．8m／s、料液浓缩倍数为2。同时考察了操作方式对膜通量的影响,认为在恒浓度条件下适时地改变膜组件的进、出口方向对保持膜通量稳定,延缓膜污染起到重要的作用。     

陶瓷微滤膜制乳技术研究

选择水-煤油体系(体积比为水：煤油：10：1)，分别用机械搅拌法和陶瓷微滤膜制备乳液．研究了乳化剂及增稠剂阿拉伯树胶的浓度对乳液稳定性的影响。实验结果表明：对于水一煤油体系，选择质量分数为0．8％的Tween80为乳化剂，加入质量分数为1％的阿拉伯树胶为增稠剂，用0.1μm陶瓷微滤膜为分散介质可以制备粒径分布均匀的乳化液体系，且膜两侧压差及连续相流速对乳液稳定性的影响不大。     

Recovery of microbial polysaccharides from fermentation broths by microfiltration on ceramic membranes

This paper investigates the extraction of microbial polymers (polysaccharides) from fermentation broths of Sinorhizobium meliloti M5N1CS using crossflow filtration through ceramic membranes of various pore sizes from 0.1 to 0.8 µm. The duration of fermentation was set at 70 h in order to maximize the production of high molecular weight polysaccharides (average 2 × 10⁵ Da). The 0.1 µm membrane underwent rapid fouling and was found inadequate for this application. For the other membranes, the sieving coefficients decreased from 95% to about 20% in 90 min, at a slower rate than the permeate flux. The largest permeate and mass fluxes were obtained with the 0.5 µm membrane (18.5 × 10⁻⁶ m s⁻¹ and 20 × 10⁻⁶ gm⁻²s⁻¹). Increasing the fluid velocity from 3 to 6 m s⁻¹ increased both the permeate flux and sieving coefficients, while raising the transmembrane pressure from 50 kPa to 100 kPa increased the flux slightly but decreased the sieving coefficient. Polysaccharide extraction will be maximized by operating at high velocities and low transmembrane pressure (TMP) which may require cocurrent recirculation of the permeate. Experiments with cell‐free solutions showed that the permeate flux is mostly limited by the bacterial layer deposited on the membrane while the presence of cells has a positive effect on the sieving coefficient. Irreversible fouling due to polymer adsorption on the membrane decreased with increasing pore size and velocity but increased strongly with TMP. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry     

陶瓷膜微滤骨架镍催化剂的膜污染机理分析

用孔径为0.2μm的陶瓷膜过滤骨架镍催化剂悬浮液,研究膜污染机理。结果表明,膜污染主要是骨架镍催化剂在膜表面上形成的滤饼层,当操作压力循环变化时滤饼层表现出不可逆性。工业上用过的污染膜和滤饼层的组分分析表明,污染物主要是骨架镍催化剂。应用结果也表明了膜污染原因是骨架镍催化剂在膜表面形成了不可逆性滤饼层。     

无机陶瓷膜处理印染废水的研究

研究了无机陶瓷膜处理印染废水过程,考察了膜孔径,操作条件对处理效果的影响及清洗剂和清洗时间对清洗效果的影响。结果表明:选用200nm的Al2O3膜管处理染料废水效果较好,合适的操作条件为:膜面流速4.2m/s,操作压力0.2MPa,温度30℃,此时渗透通量为129.64L/m2·h,CODCr的截留率达65%以上,色度去除率达90%以上。选择0.5mol/L硝酸溶液为清洗剂,清洗20min后,通量恢复为原来的81%以上。     

Synthesis and in situ functionalization of microfiltration membranes via high internal phase emulsion templating

The continuous phase of high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) can be polymerized to produce highly porous materials, known as polyHIPEs. The aim of this work was to synthesize polyHIPE microfiltration membranes having a hydrophobic bulk and a hydrophilic surface to enhance their performance. Therefore, in situ functionalization was performed through interfacial copolymerization of a hydrophobic monomer (butyl acrylate) in the continuous phase with a hydrophilic monomer (sodium acrylate) in the disperse phase. The functionalization of polyHIPEs was studied by using conductometric titration and Fourier transform IR spectroscopy. We show that the surface charge density of poly(butyl acrylate)‐based polyHIPEs can be controlled by varying the concentration of sodium acrylate in the disperse phase. PolyHIPE microfiltration membranes have higher intrinsic permeability (around 1.31 × 10^?8 m²) in comparison to conventional microfiltration membranes. The interfacial copolymerization of sodium acrylate increases the permeability of microfiltration membranes. In addition, the rejection of polyHIPE microfiltration membranes was studied for the separation of microalgae. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry     

陶瓷膜构型对错流微滤酵母悬浮液性能的影响

采用3种构型的陶瓷微滤膜元件对酵母悬浮液进行错流过滤实验,考察陶瓷膜元件的构型对于其错流过滤性能的影响。结果表明:减小陶瓷膜元件的通道直径可以提高料液在膜表面的剪切力,有助于提高过滤稳定通量和临界压力,在3 m/s膜面流速、0.1 MPa跨膜压差条件下,单管、19通道、55通道的稳定通量分别为96、128、196 L/(m2.h);在3 m/s膜面流速条件下,3种陶瓷膜元件的临界压力分别约为0.15、0.2、0.2 MPa。另外,减小通道直径还可以减小滤饼层的比阻,有利于降低过滤阻力;与提高膜面流速来增大过滤通量的方法相比,减小陶瓷膜的通道直径具有能耗较小的优点。     

Optimizing the electrospinning conditions of polysulfone membranes for water microfiltration applications

Polysulfone (PSU) is a popular material in microfiltration applications. In this study, the preparation of PSU membranes via electrospinning technology was investigated and optimized. Solutions with three different concentrations (15, 20 and 25 wt%) of PSU in dimethylformamide were electrospun at three different feed rates (1.5, 2.5 and 3.5 mL h^?1) and voltages (12.5, 15 and 18 kV). The morphologies of the samples were studied using SEM. The results showed that the samples prepared from a 15 wt% solution concentration have beads‐on‐string morphologies. As the solution concentration is increased to 20 and 25 wt%, the beads disappear and uniform fibers with average diameters ranging from 0.876 to 2.078 μm depending on the voltage and the feed rate are obtained. The optimum electrospinning conditions for the highest wettability with minimum operating pressure were predicted to be a solution concentration of 25 wt%, a feed rate of 3.5 mL h^?1 and a voltage of 18 kV. The prediction was verified by contact angle test measurements and filtration experiments. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry