纺织品吸湿速干性能指标及测试方法的确定

为了确定纺织品的吸湿速干性能测试指标,概述了吸湿速干性能测试方法与评价的现状,介绍了标准中确定的考核项目及其考核指标,并进行了验证试验;试验结果表明,标准规定的测试方法及考核指标可靠可行。     

纤维成分对面料吸湿速干性能影响研究

对不同纤维成分的面料通过GB/T 21655.2—2009进行吸湿速干性能测试分析,通过控制单一变量法对织物的浸润时间、吸水速率、最大浸湿半径、液态水扩散速度、单向传递指数等指标分析,得出纤维成分对吸湿速干性能的影响,其中面料中氨纶含量在11%～18%时,吸湿速干性能较好,而100%聚酯纤维面料吸湿速干性能较差,本文结果为吸湿速干纺织品的选择和评价以及开发提供一定的参考。     

吸湿速干功能性面料开发及其生产实践

文章从原料选用、组织设计到上机实践以及后整理等方面介绍一款吸湿速干面料的开发过程,对面料进行吸湿速干性能判定,测试了浸湿时间、吸水速率、渗透面最大湿润半径以及渗透面液态水扩散速率等指标,得出面料的吸湿速干各指标符合国标要求,测试结果显示该面料具有良好的吸湿速干性能。     

吸湿速干纺织品的测试评价

阐述了纺织品吸湿速干的原理和影响吸湿速干性能的主要因素,以及改善合成纤维织物吸湿速干性能的方法;对纺织品吸湿速干性能评价方法标准GB/T 21655.1-2008和GB/T 21655.2-2009进行了对比分析,并就其主要项目与方法,包括滴水扩散时间、芯吸高度、透湿量和速干性等进行解读.     

吸湿速干型纺织品的概述及其测试方法

阐述了纺织品吸湿速干的原理及吸湿速干纺织品所具有的特性。分析了滴水扩散时间、吸水率、芯吸高度、蒸发率、干燥速率及动态水分传递法等吸湿速干评价指标的国内外测试方法。     

纺织品吸湿速干性标准的对比

针对吸湿速干纺织品评价过程中标准选用问题,分别采用GB/T 21655.1—2008与GB/T 21655.2—2009两个标准对Coolmax蜂巢网眼针织物和Coolplus/JC3/1破斜纹机织物的吸湿速干性能进行测试和评定,并对标准的适用性进行了探讨。对比分析结果评定的一致性、数据的稳定性、试验的方便性及指标的科学性等方面发现,两个标准在评定同一织物吸湿速干性时存在不一致性。GB/T 21655.1—2008测试数据针对性强,波动小,对针织物与机织物采用不同的指标评定值,但测试仪器多,过程复杂,时间长,适用于吸湿速干纺织品研究时使用;GB/T 21655.2—2009测试时间短,自动化程度高,但测试数据波动大,对针织物与机织物采用相同的指标评定值,适用于快速检测时使用。在服装检测时,可根据需要选取GB/T 21655.1—2008,以更准确地评价服装的吸湿速干性能。     

基于模糊相似优先比的织物吸湿速干性评价

通过制织23种吸湿速干机织物,测取芯吸高度、扩散面积、干燥速率等吸湿速干性能指标,运用模糊相似优先比的方法,对织物的吸湿速干性能通过优先比秩位排序,综合评价织物性能的优劣。结果表明,模糊相似优先比在织物比较方面具有实用意义。     

基于吸湿速干性评价的运动服洗涤参数优化设计

目前,关于运动服装精细化洗涤的研究尚属空白。生活中消费者通常采用棉织物洗涤程序对运动服进行大强度、长时间的洗涤,造成运动服吸湿、排汗、速干等功能受到破坏。基于洗涤过程中运动服装吸湿速干性能的变化规律,设计了科学的运动服装洗涤程序,实现运动服的精细化洗涤。以吸湿速干评价指标,包括浸润时间、吸水速率、浸润半径和扩散速率为响应,通过正交分析得出水温、转速、主洗时间、漂洗次数等洗涤参数的最佳组合选择,并以此为依据,设计了运动服洗涤程序。在美的MFC100型滚筒洗衣机上,以具有吸湿速干性能的运动服为试验材料,对设计的运动服洗涤程序与棉快洗程序进行测试,讨论洗涤次数对运动服吸湿速干性能的影响。试验结果表明,设计的运动服洗涤程序相比棉快洗程序能够明显减少洗涤对运动服装吸湿速干性的损伤,可以更好地保护运动服的功能性。     

低温阳离子抑菌吸湿快干涤纶织物的开发与性能研究

本文应用改性低温阳离子可染的十字形截面涤纶长丝与抑菌涤纶长丝开发了一种抑菌吸湿快干的多功能涤纶织物,运用十字正交法以缎纹组织制得一系列具有吸湿速干和抗菌功能的低温阳离子染料可染织物。首先采用振荡法测定织物的抑菌性能,再通过测定其芯吸高度、滴水扩散速度、吸水率、蒸发速率、透湿性等指标对其吸湿速干性能进行评价,然后运用TOPSIS算法进行综合分析。结果表明,交织面料具有优秀的抑菌性能,且十字形截面吸湿快干涤纶纬纱比例越高,织物的吸湿速干性能越佳,十字形涤纶与抑菌涤纶比例为1︰4时交织所制得的织物综合性能最优。     

羊毛、Coolmax~混纺针织物吸湿速干性能研究

采用16.67 tex的羊毛和Coolmax ~纤维进行混纺,从而改善羊毛混纺针织产品的湿舒适性,通过回潮率、芯吸高度、滴水扩散时间等吸湿性指标,以及透湿量、蒸发速率等速干性指标进行评价,探讨不同羊毛含量对羊毛、Coolmax ~混纺针织物吸湿速干性能的影响。结果表明:随着羊毛含量的提高,回潮率和滴水扩散时间逐渐增加,芯吸高度和透湿量逐渐降低,蒸发时羊毛的起始蒸发速率高于羊毛、Coolmax ~混纺针织物,随着蒸发的进行,混纺针织物的蒸发速率随Coolmax ~比例的增加而增加。综合各项评价指标,羊毛含量不超过50%时,羊毛、Coolmax ~混纺针织物能达到吸湿速干要求。     

Moisture Effects on the Material Properties of a Jute/Epoxy Laminate: Impulse Excitation Technique Contribution

Natural fibers have enormous potential and offer many advantages. However, the lack of confidence in their structural performance has limited their wider adoption. Among concerns, include susceptibility to higher water absorption. The aim of this paper is to characterize the impact of the water absorption of jute/epoxy composite material using a new approach. This material has a potential to be used in automobile industries (door panels, dashboards, etc.) and in the civil engineering (skins of the sandwich panels in the building). The method of characterization used is original and based on the impulse excitation approach. The mechanical properties identified are correlated to those obtained by classical methods of characterization such as: three points bending and shear tests. Results show clearly that the rate of water absorption decreases physical (resonant frequency) and mechanical properties (Young’s modulus) of jute/epoxy laminate. At the mass saturation, we recorded a decrease in the proper frequency around 10%, and the Young’s modulus in this case loses 28% to 38% of its initial value. In addition, water bath temperature had an important impact on the coefficient of diffusion as well as on the degradation of mechanical properties.     

婴幼童口水巾产品唾液吸收性能测试及评价方法研究北大核心CSCD

口水巾是婴幼儿必备的清洁纺织品,但目前国内外对口水巾产品的唾液吸收性能尚无标准方法。为研究制定适用于口水巾的唾液吸收性能的测试方法和评判准则,文章以人造唾液为溶液,选择合适的仪器、材料,探究试验方法,将样品分为针织和机织纱布两组,每组各有3种样品,通过测试样品在唾液中的芯吸高度、滴液扩散时间、抗渗液性,得出产品颜色、层数、组织结构、纵横向对产品的唾液吸收能力有不同程度的影响,吸收效果最佳的是A组针织蓝色围嘴,吸收效果最差的是B组6层鼓包纱布三角巾。进一步总结试验方案,研究制定适用于口水巾的唾液吸收性能的标准。     

Development of Antimicrobial Feminine Hygiene Products Using Bamboo and Aloevera Fibers

Absorbent disposable products, such as sanitary napkins, diapers, tampons, incontinence products, panty shields, wipes, etc., are mostly single-use items and are designed to receive, absorb, and retain body fluids and solid wastes. This paper reports the development and analysis of sanitary napkin made of two different fibers, namely, aloevera and regenerated bamboo. The antimicrobial effect of these samples is compared against bacteria such as E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Superabsorbent polymer like sodium polyacrylate has been incorporated into the napkin to enhance their absorption capacity. Various tests such as product absorption capacity, liquid strike through, and rewet under load have been carried out to study the performance of the sanitary napkins.     

凉爽锦纶纤维的热湿性能

为探讨凉爽锦纶纤维的热湿性能,测试分析了纤维的细度不匀、拉伸性能、摩擦抱合性能、沸水收缩率和含油率等基本性能;在此基础上,通过差热分析、热重分析、降温实验、吸湿实验和放湿实验分别研究了凉爽锦纶纤维的热性能、降温性能和吸放湿性能。结果表明,凉爽锦纶纤维的细度不匀、拉伸性能和摩擦抱合性能比普通锦纶略差,沸水收缩率和含油率与普通锦纶相似;凉爽锦纶纤维的差示扫描量热曲线与普通锦纶存在一定差异,在织造、染整等加工过程中的控制温度应低于370℃;凉爽锦纶纤维的降温性能、吸放湿性能均优于普通锦纶。     

基于低温等离子体技术的胶原纤维表面改性和鞣制化学作用

就低温等离子体对胶原和皮革表面处理以及辅助皮革鞣制过程进行了剖析。通过不同等离子体气体对胶原纤维表面的改性处理后,可以增加或引入新的活性官能团,包括羧基、羟基、磺酸基、氨基等,降低胶原纤维与鞣剂分子间的反应活化能,有助于提高铬的吸收与结合率,减少铬用量,降低废液中铬的排放量;或增进了原本与胶原交链作用较弱或鞣性较差的金属离子,如Ti、Al、Fe、Si等,与胶原之间的反应活性,从而使这些无毒的金属离子能够取代铬鞣;或在聚合性气体介质中(如丙烯酸及丙烯酸酯类、偶链剂等),通过等离子体接枝聚合,直接在胶原蛋白质分子链间形成网络化的交链作用,从而实现无铬清洁鞣制技术。     

The influence of calendering parameters on performance properties of needle-punched nonwoven cleaning materials including r-PET fiber

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of calendaring process parameters on performance properties of needle-punched nonwoven materials including recycled polyester (r-PET) fiber. For this purpose; nonwoven materials produced by carding and needling processes with two different blend ratios have been calendered with different temperatures and roll clearances. The physical and performance properties of the samples such as thickness, bulk density, abrasion resistance, water absorption properties have been determined according to the standard test methods. The results derived from the tests were statistically evaluated by Design Expert^® software and the effects of chosen parameters on physical and performance properties of the samples were assessed. It was observed that additional thermal bonding process with calendering enhanced the performance properties compared to non-calendered samples and the excessive increase in calendering parameters yields to decrease in abrasion resistance and water absorption capacity.     

柔性降噪复合材料的研制及其性能分析

选择聚丙烯为纤维原料采用纺丝成网法制成吸声非织造布,以铜、铁粉末为主要隔声材料采用挤出成型工艺制成隔声片材,经化学粘合复合工艺研制出非织造降噪复合材料。对该降噪复合材料的降噪性能进行了测试分析,结果表明这是一种轻质、吸声隔声效果较好的新材料。     

Evaluation and improvement of thermo-physiological comfort properties of firefighters’ protective clothing containing super absorbent materials

In this research, super absorbent materials were incorporated into the internal layer of the firefighters’ protective clothing with the aim of increasing absorption of sweat to improve the thermo-physiological comfort properties. The performance properties were evaluated following the standard test methods (ISO 6942:2002 and ISO 9151: 1995(E)) and the thermo-physiological comfort-related properties were evaluated by measuring the transport properties such as air permeability, water sorption and evaporation, thermal resistance and water vapour resistance of the fabric assemblies with super absorbent materials. The results indicated that it is possible to improve the comfort properties of the protective clothing by the incorporation of super absorbent materials into the internal layer. The use of super absorbent materials is likely to help in the absorption of sweat in higher amount and keeping the skin and internal microclimate dry, which in turn improves the comfort level. The performance properties of all the combinations satisfied the requirements for firefighter’s clothing as mentioned in AS/NZS 4967-2009.     

超吸水纤维的主要性能

研究超吸水纤维的线密度,断裂强度和伸长率、表面形态、吸水倍率等主要性能。结果表明：超吸水纤维具有优异的吸水能力,吸水倍率超过120 g/g,吸水体积膨胀后仍能保持近似纤维凝胶态的结构,适合于开发吸液材料;纤维截面呈圆形,表面光滑,无卷曲,强度和断裂伸长均很小且离散性大,断裂强度小于0.8 cN/dtex,断裂伸长率小于5.5%,力学性能较差,难以作为单一原料开发产品,需与其他纤维混合制成高吸液材料。     

SX-865澄清剂在低度白酒中的澄清机理

SX-865澄清剂主要成分为天然无机俚型硅酸盐粘土,化学成分主要是Si和Mg;具有大的表面积和孔隙度、较好的电动电位、较好的膨胀性、较好的阳离子交换性能、良好的选择吸附性、良好的流变性、良好的催化性能。吸附机理为通过增加大层间距,提高吸附有机物质,加快过滤速度。