脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇ELISA定量检测试剂盒的研制

研制了脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇ELISA试剂盒,用于检测谷物粮食中的脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(Deoxynivalenol,DON)。在抗DON单克隆抗体的基础上,用间接竞争酶联免疫吸附检测试剂盒各项指标。结果为:试剂盒最低检测浓度为20ng/mL,检测线性范围为50～400ng/mL,IC50103ng/mL。平均加标回收率>80%,批内变异系数小于10%,批间变异系数<15%。用试剂盒测定盲样,其结果与德国拜发试剂盒及免疫亲和柱-高效液相色谱检测结果无显著性差异。说明试剂盒指标符合相关技术要求,具有快速、灵敏、准确、方便等特点。     

脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇ELISA定量检测试剂盒的研制*

研制了脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇ELISA试剂盒,用于检测谷物粮食中的脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(Deoxyni-valenol,DON).在抗DON单克隆抗体的基础上,用间接竞争酶联免疫吸附检测试剂盒各项指标.结果为:试剂盒最低检测浓度为20 ng/mL,检测线性范围为50～400 ng/mL,IC<,50> 103 ng/mL.平均加标回收率>80%,批内变异系数小于10%,批间变异系数<15%.用试剂盒测定盲样,其结果与德国拜发试剂盒及免疫亲和柱-高效液相色谱检测结果无显著性差异.说明试剂盒指标符合相关技术要求,具有快速、灵敏、准确、方便等特点.     

化学发光酶免疫法检测玉米中玉米赤霉烯酮

应用抗玉米赤霉烯酮单克隆抗体,以辣根过氧化物酶催化鲁米诺-过氧化氢化学发光体系,建立了一种简便、快速、高特异性的间接竞争化学发光酶免疫法用于检测玉米中的玉米赤霉烯酮。所建立的方法分析灵敏度为0.09 ng/mL,批内变异系数小于9.1﹪,批间变异系数小于14.7﹪,样品的加标回收率为79.6﹪～97.6﹪,所建立的标准曲线相关系数为0.9884,检测线性范围为0.104～1.69 ng/mL,检测时间为60 min。     

脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇酶联免疫检测方法的建立

应用抗脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇单克隆抗体12D1建立了竞争间接ELISA方法,用于检测小麦、玉米中的脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON),最低检出限为20ng/mL,检测范围为20￣460ng/mL。用蒸馏水提取掺合DON(250￣4000ng/g)的小麦样品,回收率为82.1%￣96.6%,变异系数为0.6%￣7.1%。     

直接竞争化学发光酶免疫法检测猪肉中磺胺嘧啶

建立一种检测猪肉中磺胺嘧啶的简便、快速、高特异性的直接竞争化学发光酶免疫法。采用改良的过碘酸钠法制备酶标抗体,以辣根过氧化物酶催化鲁米诺-过氧化氢作为化学发光体系。经优化该方法检测条件为：利用柠檬酸缓冲液稀释抗原包被质量浓度为0.8μg/mL,酶标抗体2000倍稀释,竞争反应25min;所建立的方法分析灵敏度为2.96ng/mL,批内变异系数小于8.32%,批间变异系数小于13.4%,以猪肉为样品的分析回收率为75.6%～103.7%,与其他结构类似物未见明显交叉,所建立的标准曲线相关系数为0.9922、检测线性范围为4.14～244ng/mL、检测时间为25min,可在实际生产中应用。     

纳米均相时间分辨荧光免疫法检测脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇方法的建立

目的:利用抗脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)多克隆抗体,采用纳米均相时间分辨荧光免疫法测定技术(AlphaLISA)建立间接竞争DON定量检测方法.方法:DON-BSA包被发光微粒,生物素化羊抗兔抗体与包被有链霉素的感光微粒共同构成检测试剂,优化检测条件并评价检测性能.结果:该方法的灵敏度为0.007ng/mL,检测范围为0.007～100ng/mL,批内批间变异系数均<5%.不同样品添加回收实验:玉米、小麦、啤酒回收率分别为84%～110%、67%～100%、74%～100%.结论:DON-AlphaLISA是目前DON检测中最灵敏的方法之一,该分析方法稳定性好,可测范围宽,具有很好的应用前景.     

流动注射化学发光法在线检测饮用水中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇

为应对突发性脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇污染饮用水事件的发生,基于脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇对鲁米诺—过氧化氢体系的促进作用,建立流动注射化学发光在线检测脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇的新方法。在优化的试验条件下,该方法测定脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇的线性范围为0.001~4.000 mg/L;检出限(S/N=3)为0.001 mg/L;相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)为1.89%;不同加标水平下的加标回收率为67.33%~94.50%;相对标准偏差(n=3)小于2.34%。该方法具有灵敏度高、分析速度快及操作简便等优点,可应用于突发性脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇污染的在线快速检测和应急预警。     

高效液相色谱法测定粮谷类中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇

利用纯水溶解提取粮谷类样品中的脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇,经过免疫亲和柱净化,并优化提取净化条件,通过高效液相色谱检测其含量。结果表明,采用2 mL滤液上样,经氮吹仪在40 ℃吹干后,用1 mL乙腈-水（20∶80,V/V）定容,在波长220 nm条件下进行检测,色谱峰分离效果良好。脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇含量在20～500 ng/mL范围内线性关系良好（R2=0.999 8）,检出限2 μg/kg,精密度试验结果相对标准偏差（RSD）值为2.4%,回收率为87.6%～98.9%,RSD值为2.04%～2.68%,表明该方法具有良好的精密度和准确性,适用于粮谷类样品中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇含量的定量分析检测。     

液质联用同时检测小麦中三种镰刀菌毒素

研究了小麦面粉中玉米赤霉烯酮、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、雪腐镰刀菌烯醇三种镰刀菌毒素液相色谱-质谱联用同时检测的方法。小麦样品中的毒素提取液经Mycosep 226多功能净化柱净化后，以反相C18柱为色谱柱，甲醇、0．1％乙酸铵水溶液梯度洗脱为流动相，大气压化学电离离子源电离后质谱检测。该方法玉米赤霉烯酮、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇和雪腐镰刀菌烯醇标准溶液的提取离子峰面积与标品浓度分别在3～4500ng／mL、8～5000ng／mL范围内呈良好的线性关系，加标实验中三种毒素平均回收率在70．9％～93．7％之间，检出限分别为5、10、12ng／g，RSD均小于10％，具有很好的精密度。     

直接竞争化学发光酶免疫法检测谷物中的伏马菌素B1

建立1种检测谷物中伏马菌素B1的直接竞争化学发光酶免疫方法。该方法的最佳检测条件为:抗原包被质量浓度0.4μg/mL,酶标抗体3000倍稀释,竞争反应时间20min;检测限为0.13ng/mL,半抑制浓度(IC50)为1.43ng/mL,批内变异系数2.4%,批间变异系数9.2%,以玉米为样品的加标回收率达到100.2%～115.4%。谷物盲样的检测结果显示,该方法与酶联免疫吸附检测试剂盒、高效液相色谱检测结果的相关系数分别为0.9793、0.9851,三者之间无显著性差异,所建立的直接竞争化学发光酶免疫方法可用于谷物样品中伏马菌素B1的大规模快速筛查。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the