制受限滑模控制工频全桥逆变器分析

该文针对滑模控制单相全桥工频逆变器滑模系数选取困难的问题,基于滑模控制理论建立了单相全桥逆变系统的相变量模型,根据控制受限思想和滑动模态存在条件推导了滑模域与负载电阻和滑模系数之间的数学关系,深入分析了滑模域边界与滑模系数、负载电阻和负载跃变幅度的关系,提出了选取滑模系数的基本原则.基于逆变器加载系统轨线,结合滑模域右边界条件和逆变器期望动态设计指标,给出了一个计算滑模系数的公式,随后给出了切换系数的选取方法,并总结了基于滞环调制的滑模控制器的设计方法.仿真试验采用该方法设计了滑模控制器,结果验证了该设计方法的正确性和有效性.此法操作简便且易于掌握,具有较好理论参考价值和工程推广价值.     

一种新型单相全桥SPWM逆变器设计方法

摘要：针对两级式逆变器,在DC-AC逆变部分,采用单相全桥SPWM调制,再经过低通LC滤波,可输出平滑正弦波。介绍了一种新型单相SPWM逆变器设计方法,即通过基于EG8010纯正弦波芯片的EGS002驱动板产生SPWM驱动波,驱动全桥回路,输出经低通LC滤波,可输出标准正弦波。逆变器驱动板和全桥拓扑以及外围电压反馈电路可实现正弦波逆变器的设计,制作了逆变器,试验测试负载功率3kw,输出正弦波电压波形较好。     

小型光伏逆变器双闭环控制策略研究

文中提出了一种改进的单相光伏并网逆变器双闭环控制策略,电压外环采用准PR调节可以实现对参考电压的无静差跟踪,抑制了电网频率波动对系统的影响,提高了系统的抗干扰能力。电容电流作为电流内环控制量改善了系统的动态响应性能以及带负载能力。建立了系统控制结构模型并进行了参数设计,最后通过仿真验证了所提理论的正确性和有效性。     

新型单相全桥无源软开关逆变器

为改善单相全桥逆变器的运行效率,设计出了一种新型单相全桥无源软开关逆变器,在每个开关周期的换流过程中,利用逆变器的低损耗辅助谐振电路,使开关器件实现软切换以节约电能.辅助谐振电路只含有电感、电容和二极管等无源器件,不会使逆变器的控制变复杂.此外,在逆变器处于死区状态下,负载电流可通过辅助电路进行续流,减小了死区状态对逆变器输出电流波形的不利影响.文中分析了电路的工作过程,在功率为3kW的单相样机上的实验结果表明开关器件能实现软开关,逆变器输出电流波形的畸变率得到了改善.因此,该拓扑结构对于研发高性能单相全桥逆变器具有重要参考价值.     

基于升降压斩波电路的三相DC/AC逆变器研究

为了解决常用的逆变器所带来的问题,我们提出一种新型的带升降压功能的三相DC/AC变换器拓扑,并介绍了其工作原理。借助于PSIM仿真软件,对单相和三相电路进行了仿真研究,提出了由单相组成三相电压输出的构成方法。在列出仿真参数的前提下,给出了负载电压,负载电流以及调制给定电压和逆变器输出电压的仿真结果。仿真结果表明三相DC/AC逆变器可以实现50 kHz高频功率变换下宽输入电压范围工频逆变输出,证明了理论分析的正确性。     

辅助电路与负载并联的新型单相全桥软开关逆变器

为优化单相全桥逆变器的效率,提出了一种新型单相全桥软开关逆变器,其输出端设置了1组与负载并联的辅助电路.在辅助电路处于工作状态时,逆变器桥臂上的主开关能完成零电压软开通和零电流软关断,使该逆变器能通用于中小功率领域和大功率领域.分析了1个开关周期内的逆变器工作流程.在3kW样机上的实验结果表明开关器件实现了软切换,样机在额定功率下的效率达到99.1%.因此,该拓扑结构对于优化单相全桥逆变器的性能具有重要意义.     

光伏发电系统中基于STC89S51的单相全桥逆变器的设计及仿真

本文设计一种光伏发电系统中由单片机控制的单相全桥逆变器,并通过仿真测试达到控制要求。采用全桥逆变结构、单极性SPWM倍频调制的工作方式。经过反复测试,采用PWM法来计算SPWM波的占空比,并设计了控制器。以STC89S51作为控制芯片,采取KeilC和Proteus软件进行软件设计及联合仿真,测试最终结果表明各模块指标满足设计目标要求。     

控制简单的节能型单相全桥逆变器

为改善单相全桥逆变器的功率变换效率,提出了一种控制简单的节能型单相全桥软开关逆变器拓扑结构.逆变器采用简单的受限单极式正弦脉宽调制方法,在每个开关周期的工作过程中,仅需切换1个主开关和1个辅助开关,而且不需要设定谐振电流阈值和实时检测负载电流来控制辅助开关,使逆变器的可靠性和实用性得到改善.在逆变器工作过程中,利用辅助...     

基于数字化技术的可调幅值逆变器设计

该文基于dsPIC33EV型数字信号控制器技术,进行了频率400 Hz、输出电压在幅值15 V～115 V连续可调的逆变器设计.通过控制器生成SPWM波,经过驱动器驱动单相逆变全桥,再通过LC滤波得到正弦波输出;对输入模拟控制量进行采集,通过改变调制比来调节输出电压.该文利用较高的载波频率降低输出波形畸变率;设计了离线...     

基于Buck-Boost逆变器的离散滑模控制仿真研究

为了获得比较理想的正弦输出电压，优化逆变器的动态性能，文中基于Buck—Boost逆变器．采用了离散滑模变结构的控制策略。Buck—Boost逆变器可以获得比直流输入电源高或低的交流输出电压，文中阐述了其工作原理．并结合状态方程，推导出滑模面的存在条件、到达条件和稳定条件，然后对电路参数、控制系数以及控制算法进行了设计。仿真结果表明采用离散滑模控制的Buck—Boost逆变器对系统扰动和负载变化具有很强的鲁棒性，系统具有良好的动态响应。     

A Direct PWM Technique for a Single-Phase Full-Bridge Inverter Through Controlled Capacitor Charging

The controlled-capacitor-charging (CCC) technique is utilized in this paper to synthesize a sinusoidal voltage at the output from the unregulated dc at the input. The method is based on the controlled charging/discharging of a capacitor to realize the desired voltage waveform. A capacitor that is connected across the load is charged/discharged through an inductor by applying high-frequency pulses. The applied pulses could be of either positive or negative polarity, depending on the error signal in the controller. The controller senses the output voltage and current and operates to maintain zero-current switching at every turn-on while keeping the output voltage close to the reference waveform by a tracking-control algorithm, enforcing limits in maximum switching frequency and voltage ripples. This paper presents a direct method of implementing the pulsewidth modulation for the single-phase full-bridge inverter, using the CCC technique. A simple procedure to design such an inverter is also discussed. The proposed controller is simulated in a personal computer simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis. Supporting results from an experimental prototype confirm the usefulness of the proposed controller. The inverter may be used in uninterruptible power supply and many other applications.      

An Optimal Control Method for Buck ConvertersUsing a Practical Capacitor ChargeBalance Technique

A novel control method is presented in this paper which utilizes the concept of capacitor charge balance to achieve optimal dynamic response for Buck converters undergoing a rapid load change. The proposed charge balance method is implemented with analog components and is cheaper and more effective than its digital counterparts since complex arithmetic and sampling delay is eliminated. The proposed controller will consistently cause the Buck converter to recover from an arbitrary load transient with the smallest possible voltage deviation in the shortest possible settling time. Since the controller is nonlinear during transient conditions, it is not limited by bandwidth/switching frequency. Unlike conventional linear controllers, the dynamic response (voltage deviation, settling time) of the proposed controller can be estimated using a set of equations. This greatly simplifies the design process of the output filter. Simulation and experimental results show the functionality of the controller and demonstrate the superior dynamic response over that of a conventional linear controller.      

A new single-phase five-level PWM inverter employing a deadbeat control scheme

A single-phase five-level PWM inverter is presented to alleviate harmonic components of the output voltage and the load current. Operational principles with switching functions are analyzed. To keep the output voltage sinusoidal and to have the high dynamic performances even in the cases of load variations and the partial magnetization in filter inductor, the deadbeat controller is designed and implemented on a prototype. The validity of the proposed inverter is verified through simulation and experiments. To assess the proposed inverter, it is compared with the conventional single-phase three-level PWM inverter under the conditions of identical supply DC voltage and switching frequency. In addition, it is compared with the five-level cascaded PWM inverter.     

Feedback Linearization of a Single-Phase Active Power Filter via Sliding Mode Control

The aim of this work is the application of the feedback linearization theory to a single-phase shunt active power filter, since this technique has been successfully applied to other areas of power electronic. The active filter is linearized by means of a nonlinear transformation of the system model, deduced from the application of Tellegen's theorem to the system. After that, a sliding mode controller is proposed to impose a desired dynamic behavior on the system, giving robustness and insensitivity to parameter variations. Moreover, the proposed controller ensures proper tracking of the reference signals and simplifies the overall control design. The controller was implemented into a low cost DSP. Experimental and simulation results are provided.     

A voltage control strategy for current-regulated PWM inverters

Alternative voltage control strategies for current-regulated PWM inverters are analyzed, including previously established feedforward and feedforward/feedback controllers and a newly proposed decoupling feedback control strategy. The steady-state and dynamic characteristics of each of these control methods are illustrated and compared for a selected inverter design. It is shown that the feedforward controller exhibits steady-state error and an undesirable overshoot of the output voltages during startup. The addition of a feedback loop eliminates the steady-state error and reduces the overshoot; however, the natural response is underdamped regardless of the choice of feedback gains. A decoupling feedback control strategy that eliminates the disadvantages of the feedforward and feedforward/feedback controllers is described. Using the decoupling feedback controller, it is possible to eliminate the steady-state error and place the closed-loop poles wherever desired. Moreover, if the closed-loop poles are selected appropriately, it is possible to eliminate the overshoot of the output voltages during startup transients     

A novel photovoltaic inverter topology based on common mode current suppression

ABSTRACT

Aiming at the problems of large leakage current and low efficiency of existing transformerless single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic inverters, a novel transformerless single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic inverter topology is proposed. In this topology, two freewheeling diodes are added to the single-phase full-bridge inverter, and the filter inductors are moved between the upper and lower bridge arms, so that the common mode voltage remains constant during the switching period and the common mode current is effectively suppressed. Finally, through simulation and the experimental platform of 3kW single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic inverter, it is verified that compared with the traditional full-bridge topology, the novel topology can effectively suppress the common mode current, while compared with the H5 and H6 topology, the novel topology reduces the system loss and improves the system efficiency.     

节能型单相全桥谐振极逆变器

单相全桥逆变器处于硬开关状态时,随着开关频率的增大,开关损耗明显增大,影响逆变器效率的提高.为解决这一问题,提出了一种节能型单相全桥谐振极逆变器,在逆变器处于死区状态时,将要开通的主开关并联的谐振电容的电压能减小至零,主开关动作时能完成零电压软切换,双向辅助开关动作时能完成零电流软切换.讨论了电路的工作流程,实验结果表明主开关和辅助开关完成了软切换动作.该单相全桥软开关逆变器可以向高开关频率的场合推广应用.     

无源器件辅助换流的单相全桥软开关逆变器

为提高单相全桥逆变器的转换效率,提出了一种无源器件辅助换流的单相全桥软开关逆变器拓扑结构,通过在逆变器桥臂上增加辅助谐振电路,实现了开关器件的软开关动作.辅助谐振电路中无辅助开关器件,只含有电感、电容和二极管等少量无源器件,这有利于降低辅助电路的成本,而且不会使逆变器的控制策略复杂化.此外,在逆变器处于死区状态时,负载电流能通过辅助谐振电路续流,可以改善逆变器输出电流波形的畸变率,减小了死区的不利影响.文中详细分析了电路的工作过程,在功率为4kW的单相实验样机上进行了实验验证,获得的实验结果表明在轻载和满载时逆变器的开关器件都能实现软开关,逆变器输出电流波形的畸变率都得到了改善.因此,该无源器件辅助换流的单相全桥软开关拓扑结构对于提高逆变器的性能具有重要意义.