基于优势粗糙集的冷挤压件制造成本快速估算

以级优关系代替不可分辨关系，研究了基于优势粗糙集的决策规则获取和多准则排序问题。以冷挤压零件为研究对象，讨论了冷挤压件制造成本的几个影响准则和级优关系的确定，将排序理论应用到其制造成本的快速估算中，得到目标零件的制造成本区间，取得了较好的结果。     

基于成本聚类的产品设计早期阶段成本估算模型

针对产品适应性设计或变型设计早期阶段难以进行精确成本估算的特点,提出大样本条件下基于"成本聚类"的成本估算模型.通过计算参考样本和待估算产品的欧氏距离考察二者的相似度,以欧氏距离集为初始数据分别构造差异矩阵、距离矩阵和相似矩阵,实现对样本的成本聚类分析过程,最终筛选出与待估算产品最相关的样本集合,得到待估算产品成本可能落入的区间.以液压盘式制动器的制动盘零件为实例,验证方法的有效性.试验结果表明,该模型能够有效区分估算样本的相对优劣.     

基于特征映射的机械产品成本估算方法研究

分析了机械产品在设计阶段的成本估算策略，建立了基于特征映射的产品并行成本估算模型，研究了成本特征表达方法，给出特征映射以及成本估算流程，开发了估算软件，并应用于油压减振器的零件设计中，取得较好效果。     

面向大规模定制产品成本估算方法的比较研究

首先分析了大规模定制企业开发成本估算方法对获得客户订单的重要性，接着对适用于大规模定制环境下的成本估算方法进行分类，归纳成几种典型的成本估算方法，并对各个方法的特点进行对比分析，提出了大规模定制环境下成本估算方法的发展趋势，最后针对客户订单的获取和成本估算方法开发提出了自己的看法。     

面向大批量定制的产品成本估算方法研究

研究了大批量定制生产的特点和产品定制层次，并对不同的产品定制层次提出了不同的成本估算方法，建立了面向大批量定制的产品成本估算模型，针对设计定制中需要重新设计的零部件，进行了类似零件成本，制造成本和装配成本的估算，利用该方法可以为定制产品提供快速，合理、科学的报价依据。     

并行工程中面向成本的设计方法的研究

简要介绍了面向成本设计的国内外研究现状，对并行工程中面向成本的设计的含义作了详细分析，并分析了DFC和DTC的区别。根据对全生命周期成本的分析，探讨了全生命周期的成本估算方法，并在此基础上，提出了DPC的成本估算策略。     

基于事例推理和小波网络的大规模定制产品快速成本估算方法研究

分析了大规模定制的产品结构管理和产品生产成本的构成，提出了定制产品成本估算的策略与方法，构建了基于事例推理和小波网络的成本估算模型。该模型对整体定制产品采用事例推理的方法，从事例库中检索最为相似的事例，对定制零件采用小波网络估算成本，然后对成本进行累加与调整，得到最终成本值。最后对某公司定制脚轮的实例进行了分析。     

面向个性化生产的成本估算系统的研究与实现

针对传统成本估算方法在个性化生产环境下存在的不足，提出了以全生命周期BOM为导向的作业成本估算法，并对成本估算过程中BOM的流向和变异进行了研究.建立了系统模型并对各功能模块进行了分析和研究.对成本估算过程中制定工时定额这一关键环节提出了两种切实有效的解决方法.     

基于全寿期过程的塑件生产成本估算的研究

塑件生产成本的估算对报价有重要的作用，而在塑件生产全寿命周期中对产品成本的估算更为准确，所以首先建立了塑件全寿期成本模型。在塑件成本估算过程中，通过塑件特征信息库计算与新塑件相似的案例塑件，并通过与相似件的最大特征距离来确定成本差距最大的几项特征，以此找出在全寿期模型中重要的成本元素，再确定其成本大致的范围。这种方法可以很快地确定其成本，为报价提供有效的依据。     

机械制造工艺成本估算模型

工艺成本是产品成本的核心组成部分。在讨论工艺成本估算的理论依据和传统估算方法的基础上,提出工艺成本估算模型和估算流程,并提出了工艺成本估算的研究方向。     

Modelling of aircraft manufacturing cost at the concept stage

The work presented is concerned with the estimation of manufacturing cost at the concept design stage, when little technical information is readily available. The work focuses on the nose cowl sections of a wide range of engine nacelles built at Bombardier Aerospace Shorts of Belfast. A core methodology is presented that: defines manufacturing cost elements that are prominent; utilises technical parameters that are highly influential in generating those costs; establishes the linkage between these two; and builds the associated cost estimating relations into models. The methodology is readily adapted to deal with both the early and more mature conceptual design phases, which thereby highlights the generic, flexible and fundamental nature of the method. The early concept cost model simplifies cost as a cumulative element that can be estimated using higher level complexity ratings, while the mature concept cost model breaks manufacturing cost down into a number of constituents that are each driven by their own specific drivers. Both methodologies have an average error of less that ten percent when correlated with actual findings, thus achieving an acceptable level of accuracy. By way of validity and application, the research is firmly based on industrial case studies and practice and addresses the integration of design and manufacture through cost. The main contribution of the paper is the cost modelling methodology. The elemental modelling of the cost breakdown structure through materials, part fabrication, assembly and their associated drivers is relevant to the analytical design procedure, as it utilises design definition and complexity that is understood by engineers.     

An Intelligent Knowledge-Based System for Product Cost Modelling

An intelligent knowledge-based system for product cost modellingis presented in this paper. The developed system has the capability of selecting a material, as well as machining processes and parameters based on a set of design and production parameters; and of estimating the product cost throughout the entire product development cycle including assembly cost. The proposed system is applied without the need for detailed design information, so that it can be used at an early design stage, and, consequently, redesign cost and longer lead time can be avoided. Hybrid knowledge representation techniques, such as production rules, frame and object oriented are employed to represent manufacturing knowledge. Fuzzy logic-based knowledge representation is applied to deal with uncertainty in the knowledge of cost model to generate reliable cost estimation. This paper deals with cost modelling of both a machining component and an injection moulding component, which is a process that gives high production rates, excellent quality and accuracy of products, and low manufacturing cost. Based on the analysis of the moulded product life cycle, a computer-based cost model was developed which integrated the relationship between cost factors, product development activities, and product geometry. The estimated cost included the costs of material, mould and processing. The system has been validated through a case study.     

基于知识和CAD的结构设计自动化和优化系统分析

结构设计自动化可以加快结构设计,缩短结构设计周期。结构设计优化是根据价值工程原理,对众多结构设计方案进行成本估计,选择成本最低的方案。准确的成本估计不仅在结构设计优化中起着重要作用,而且在业主的项目决策和投资控制中起着重要作用。但是,由于设计阶段的时间限制,一般很少针对结构工程进行多方案的设计、成本估计和优化。本文探讨了基于知识和ＣＡＤ技术在结构设计自动化和优化方面的应用,建立了结构设计自动化和优     

柔性输送机的应用

由于人力资源成本的不断上涨,制造性企业为了节约成本,提高利润,不得不采用高自动化设备和自动化生产线来代替人工操作。因此,越来越多的输送机被应用到自动化生产线上。传统的输送带在高自动化的生产线上由于其维护成本高、油脂污染、噪声和空间限制等特点而出现了局限性,无法满足要求。通过介绍柔性输送机的组成、特点和优点,为自动化设计工程师提供一种借鉴的方案。     

Function-based cost estimation integrating quality function deployment to support system design

When designing a new system, often cost is a critical factor in determining whether the system will be carried out or not. For assessing the feasibility of a system being developed in future, estimating the cost of system in the conceptual phase becomes more and more important. This paper presents a cost estimation method based on function characteristics and the technique of quality function deployment (QFD). The cost structure of systems is first determined according to four cost items: the direct material cost, the direct labour cost, the variable factory overhead and the fixed factory overhead. Based on the cost structure, the total costs of some well-known competitive products of the developed system are then investigated. The function levels of these well-known products are identified one by one by means of the QFD technique. By integrating the information about the competitors costs and the function levels, a set of cost factors which are used to evaluate the system costs is derived by using the least-square-method. As a result, the total cost of the designed system can be estimated quickly through simple steps of calculation. Furthermore, the successful probability of a system being designed within someone budget can be assessed in advance.     

Developing an integrated framework for feature-based early manufacturing cost estimation

The major objective of concurrent engineering is to consider the related downstream manufacturing during the design stage. Estimating manufacturing cost during the early design stage is one area that has been given little attention by researchers. However, if the product manufacturing cost can be estimated during the design stage, designers can modify a design to achieve proper performance as well as a reasonable cost at an early stage of the product development process.Basically, manufacturing cost is determined by shape complexity, product precision and tooling process. That is, if these data can be obtained and considered during the design stage, estimating manufacturing cost during the early product development stage will become a feasible task.In this research, a framework for estimating the manufacturing cost in terms of a feature-based approach is proposed. This system tends to estimate the manufacturing cost of a design according to the shapes and precision of its features. The objective of this research is to provide a tool to assist a designer, who has little knowledge about the manufacturing process, to estimate the fabrication cost of a design during its conceptual stage, in order to reduce unnecessary costs in the downstream process.     

基于质量控制技术的产品成本-利润优化模型

提出产品质量保障过程中的成本与利润关系优化模型，以敏捷响应大规模定制生产中满足用户需求及质量要求前提下，完成对产品利润空间的正确测算。由产品生命周期中各形成过程出发，分析在产品质量控制过程中的设计参数、故障率及过程修复等影响要素及成本与利润函数，充分考虑了生产商与销售商的质量控制成本与产品利润的关联关系，给出过程控制中基于成本-利润优化目标的设计参数制定策略及其对产品质量的有效控制方法和相关应用实例。     

集装箱运输的登机桥模块化设计

模块化设计可将登机桥各部分分解为一个个较小的标准模块,以装入集装箱运输,节省运输成本,提高生产效率。主要探讨登机桥的模块化设计方案,并与当前的登机桥进行了成本比较分析,对运输线路较远的项目具有明显的优势。     

An economic machining process model with interval parameters

The primary objective of a machining economics model is to determine the optimal cutting parameters that minimize production costs while satisfying some design constraints. When the parameters in a machining economics model have interval values, the associated problem becomes an interval machining economics problem, and the objective value will also have interval value; that is, lying in a range. This paper develops a solution method that is able to derive the interval unit production cost of a machining economic model with interval parameters. A pair of two-level machining economics problems is formulated to calculate the upper bound and lower bound of the unit production cost. Based on the duality theorem, the two-level machining economics problem is transformed into the one-level conventional geometric program. Solving the corresponding pair of geometric programs produces the interval of the unit production cost. The results indicate that the cost interval contains more information for making decisions.