共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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概率实时时态认知逻辑PTACTLK模型检测面临着与传统模型检测同样的挑战,即状态空间爆炸问题.抽象是缓解状态空间爆炸问题的最为有效的方法之一.为了缓解概率实时时态认知逻辑模型检测中的状态空间爆炸问题,我们给出了一种抽象技术:对于PTACTLK中的实时部分PTACTL,采用抽象离散时钟赋值,把概率实时解释系统的无限状态空间转化成有限形式;对于PTACTLK中的认知算子K,给出了抽象状态关于智体认知等价的定义.定义了概率实时解释系统的抽象模型,给出了抽象模型上概率实时时态认知逻辑的语义,并证明了由抽象技术演绎得到的抽象模型是原始模型的上近似.最后通过一个通信协议来说明抽象技术的有效性. 相似文献
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针对非理想控制信道传输错误对认知系统中多天线多用户协作频谱感知性能影响的问题,提出一种使得认知系统误检概率最小的最优协作用户数选择方案,并推导给出其闭式表达式。该方案首先根据单根天线错误检测概率最小的原则推导出认知用户单根天线最优的判决门限。然后利用“K秩”准则对多天线进行合并,根据认知用户错误检测概率最小的原则推导出最优的“K”值。最后根据认知系统误检概率最小的原则推导出最优的协作感知用户数。通过仿真验证了该方案理论的正确性,并分析给出了控制信道错误概率对认知系统检测性能的影响。相比于传统的协作检测算法,本方案具有更好的检测性能。 相似文献
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为增强机器人的认知情感计算能力,依据PAD情感空间建立结合即时反馈和长期趋势的机器人认知情感生成方法,该文提出一种基于强化学习的机器人认知情感交互模型.首先,依据人际交往心理学理论,模拟人类情感生成过程进行类人情感生成,并从中提取相似性、积极性、共情性3个影响因素;其次,利用强化学习的全局统筹特性,建立响应情感状态与上下文长期情感状态之间的关联关系,从而对机器人情感生成过程进行建模;然后,将3个因素纳入模型奖励机制用于交互情感状态评估,实现模型更新并得到最优情感策略;最后,利用所得最优情感策略对应的最优情感状态对机器人情感状态转移概率进行更新,并依据6种基本情感状态在空间中的情感值,将其映射到连续情感空间中得到机器人的最优响应情感值.主客观对比实验表明,该文模型能有效增加机器人情感表达的细腻性、连续性、积极性以及共情性,还能有效降低机器人对外界情感刺激的依赖性,进一步提升和谐友好的人机交互关系. 相似文献
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无线网络中利用协作分集技术可显著提高传输性能。认知无线网络中采用时间空间联合频谱检测能更充分地利用主用户的空闲频谱空洞。本文对采用时间空间联合频谱检测的认知协作分集系统的中断概率性能进行分析,给出采用选择解码转发中继协议时在瑞利衰落信道下的准确中断概率闭合式。分析和仿真结果表明:采用时间空间联合频谱检测的系统的中断概率性能优于单独时间频谱检测和单独空间频谱检测的系统,而协作分集技术的引入也明显改善了认知用户的传输性能。中断概率的理论结果对于衡量和评估认知网络的频谱检测方案、协作传输方案的性能有重要的理论和实用价值。 相似文献
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三值可逆逻辑综合是可逆逻辑综合的延伸和扩展.为了简化可逆网络,提高三值可逆逻辑门的通用性,对现有三值可逆控制门控制位的生效值扩展为0、1和2.在此基础上提出了基于最小混乱度原则的三值可逆逻辑综合算法.该算法根据三值可逆函数计算其对应真值表中每个变量的相对混乱度和绝对混乱度,以最小混乱度原则选取三值可逆逻辑门,直至真值表中的每个变量的混乱度为零,得到三值可逆网络.该算法的时间复杂度为O(n2×3n),空间复杂度为O(n×3n).实验结果表明,与现有已知算法对比,平均门数更少. 相似文献
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为增强机器人的认知情感计算能力,依据PAD情感空间建立结合即时反馈和长期趋势的机器人认知情感生成方法,该文提出一种基于强化学习的机器人认知情感交互模型。首先,依据人际交往心理学理论,模拟人类情感生成过程进行类人情感生成,并从中提取相似性、积极性、共情性3个影响因素;其次,利用强化学习的全局统筹特性,建立响应情感状态与上下文长期情感状态之间的关联关系,从而对机器人情感生成过程进行建模;然后,将3个因素纳入模型奖励机制用于交互情感状态评估,实现模型更新并得到最优情感策略;最后,利用所得最优情感策略对应的最优情感状态对机器人情感状态转移概率进行更新,并依据6种基本情感状态在空间中的情感值,将其映射到连续情感空间中得到机器人的最优响应情感值。主客观对比实验表明,该文模型能有效增加机器人情感表达的细腻性、连续性、积极性以及共情性,还能有效降低机器人对外界情感刺激的依赖性,进一步提升和谐友好的人机交互关系。 相似文献
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XIAO Jian-yu ZHANG De-yun DONG Hao CHEN Hai-quan . School of Electronics Information Engineering Xi''''an Jiaotong University Xi''''an P.R. China . Institute of Laser Information Shaoyang University Shaoyang P.R. China 《中国邮电高校学报(英文版)》2005,12(4)
1IntroductionFormal methods have attracted more and more atten-tionin the development and verification of high trust-worthy software due toits rigor and precision, whichisbased on mathematics[1 ~4].Formal methods are dividedinto two categories :formal specification andformal ver-ification.Formal verification is based on formal specifi-cation and is used to decide whether a checked systemsupports some given properties . There are two ap-proaches to formal verification: model checking[5]andtheor… 相似文献
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模型检测作为一种形式化验证技术已成功应用于硬件以及协议的性质验证过程,目前正转向软件验证领域并逐渐扩展其应用范围。针对特定的森林防火专家系统的知识库规则,研究其所需满足的性质规范的形式化验证问题。首先将规则体描述为状态迁移图,通过引入转换函数对状态迁移图的变迁过程及状态性质进行了有效说明,然后将性质规范描述为相应的时序逻辑表达式,最后通过实例对模型检测过程进行了详细说明,本文的研究成果有效地说明了将模型检测应用于森林防火专家系统等林业信息系统的可行性与正确性。 相似文献
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《Microelectronics Reliability》2014,54(6-7):1066-1074
The Resilience Articulation Point (RAP) model aims at provisioning researchers and developers with a probabilistic fault abstraction and error propagation framework covering all hardware/software layers of a System on Chip. RAP assumes that physically induced faults at the technology or CMOS device layer will eventually manifest themselves as a single or multiple bit flip(s). When probabilistic error functions for specific fault origins are known at the bit or signal level, knowledge about the unit of design and its environment allow the transformation of the bit-related error functions into characteristic higher layer representations, such as error functions for data words, Finite State Machine (FSM) state, macro-interfaces or software variables. Thus, design concerns at higher abstraction layers can be investigated without the necessity to further consider the full details of lower levels of design. This paper introduces the ideas of RAP based on examples of radiation induced soft errors in SRAM cells, voltage variations and sequential CMOS logic. It shows by example how probabilistic bit flips are systematically abstracted and propagated towards higher abstraction levels up to the application software layer, and how RAP can be used to parameterize architecture-level resilience methods. 相似文献
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传统方法无法在RTL验证阶段全面验证SoC系统芯片中的跨时钟域设计.为解决此问题,本文首先提出描述亚稳态现象的等价电路实现,用以在RTL验证中准确体现亚稳态现象的实际影响;然后使用线性时序逻辑对跨时钟域设计进行设计规范的描述;为缓解模型检验的空间爆炸问题,进一步针对跨时钟域设计的特点提出基于输入信号的迁移关系分组策略和基于数学归纳的优化策略.实验结果表明本文提出的方法不仅可以在RTL验证阶段有效地发现跨时钟域设计的功能错误,而且可以使验证时间随实验用例中寄存器数量的递增趋势从近似指数级增长减小到近似多项式级增长. 相似文献
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Model checking based on linear temporal logic reduces the false negative rate of misuse detection. However, linear temporal logic formulae cannot be used to describe concurrent attacks and piecewise attacks. So there is still a high rate of false negatives in detecting these complex attack patterns. To solve this problem, we use interval temporal logic formulae to describe concurrent attacks and piecewise attacks. On this basis, we formalize a novel algorithm for intrusion detection based on model checking interval temporal logic. Compared with the method based on model checking linear temporal logic, the new algorithm can find unknown succinct attacks. The simulation results show that the new method can effectively reduce the false negative rate of concurrent attacks and piecewise attacks. 相似文献
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Invisible formal methods for embedded control systems 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Tiwari A. Shankar N. Rushby J. 《Proceedings of the IEEE. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers》2003,91(1):29-39
Embedded control systems typically comprise continuous control laws combined with discrete mode logic. These systems are modeled using a hybrid automaton formalism, which is obtained by combining the discrete transition system formalism with continuous dynamical systems. This paper develops automated analysis techniques for asserting correctness of hybrid system designs. Our approach is based on symbolic representation of the state space of the system using mathematical formulas in an appropriate logic. Such formulas are manipulated using symbolic theorem proving techniques. It is important that formal analysis should be unobtrusive and acceptable to engineering practice. We motivate a methodology called invisible formal methods that provides a graded sequence of formal analysis technologies ranging from extended typechecking, through approximation and abstraction, to model checking and theorem proving. As an instance of invisible formal methods, we describe techniques to check inductive invariants, or extended types, for hybrid systems and compute discrete finite state abstractions automatically to perform reachability set computation. The abstract system is sound with respect to the formal semantics of hybrid automata. We also discuss techniques for performing analysis on nonstandard semantics of hybrid automata. We also briefly discuss the problem of translating models in Simulink/Stateflow language, which is widely used in practice, into the modeling formalisms, like hybrid automata, for which analysis tools are being developed. 相似文献
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《Microelectronics Reliability》2015,55(11):2468-2480
This paper presents accurate models for the analysis of fault trees based on stochastic logic. To produce the models, probabilistic analysis of static, dynamic and temporal gates is carried out and the probability models are converted to their equivalent stochastic logic gates. A hardware template is also designed for each stochastic logic gate. In the proposed method, users provide fault rates of basic events and immediately evaluate system reliability. Experimental results show that the proposed method is more accurate than previous methods using the proposed stochastic logic gates for dynamic and temporal fault trees. The formula was validated using the Markov model for exponential failure distribution events. The proposed model is applicable for both exponential and non-exponential distributions. 相似文献
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线性时序逻辑模型检测被广泛应用于处理器设计与验证、网络协议验证、安全协议验证等领域.然而到目前为止,该技术只能在电子计算的平台上实现.为了以脱氧核糖核酸(Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid,DNA)为载体对线性时序逻辑(Linear Temporal Logic,LTL)实施模型检测,给出了使用粘贴自动机实现Until算子模型检测的方法.首先,使用粘贴自动机对Until公式的有穷状态自动机(Finite State Automata,FSA)模型进行编码;然后,将系统模型转换为粘贴自动机的输入字符串;最后,用粘贴自动机验证系统是否满足公式.仿真实验结果证实,新方法可实现对LTL逻辑时序算子的检测. 相似文献