H. H. Goddard and the immigrants.

Responds to comments by D. D. Dorfman (see record 1982-25821-001), D. Gersh (see record 1982-25825-001), R. J. Herrnstein (1981), and L. J. Kamin (see record 1982-25833-001) on the source of data cited in H. H. Goddard's (1917) article on mental tests with immigrants. An attempt is made to clarify what the cited data about the immigrants represent. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The hegemony of natural scientific conceptions of learning.

Questions the adherence to a natural scientific approach to learning in the field of psychology. It is argued that there is a danger of psychologists and educators neglecting meaningful alternatives to natural scientific psychology, such as the human scientific approach. An article by J. G. Greeno (see record 1980-26706-001) is discussed as a case-in-point. (11 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Rejoinder to Allen and Condon's and Heilbrun's Replies

The author continues the debate between himself, (see record 1982-21579-001) and T. J. Condon and G. J. Allen (see PA, Vol 64:6153 and Vol 68:1687) and K. Heilbrun (see record 1982-21704-001) regarding subliminal symbiotic stimulation. Several misconceptions, misunderstandings, and substantive issues embodied in the Condon-Allen and Heilbrun replies are addressed. (11 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Separating ideology from currently available data: A reply to Cotton and Cook and McGlynn.

Responds to criticisms by J. L. Cotton and M. S. Cook (see record 1982-26971-001) and R. P. McGlynn (see record 1982-26992-001) of conclusions reached by the present authors in an earlier article (Johnson et al; see record 1981-05387-001). The data are reexamined, and it is concluded that Cotton and Cook's emphasis on the importance of interactions between goal structures and situational variables was not supported. (13 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Missing the point: A reply to Wogan and Norcross.

Replies to the critique by M. Wogan and J. C. Norcross (see record 1982-26218-001) of the author's (see record 1981-33203-001) original article concerning psychotherapy by reciprocal inhibition. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Theory of serial pattern production: Tree traversals.

Structural information about a serial pattern may be encoded in the form of a hierarchical memory code. Conversely, when the pattern is to be produced, the memory code should be decoded. In this article, a theory on serial pattern production is proposed that builds on F. Restle's (see record 1971-03427-001) theory of structural trees and, especially, on the process models for sequence production developed by J. G. Greeno and H. A. Simon (see record 1974-29157-001). According to the tree traversal interpreter presented in the present paper, a structural tree corresponds to the interpretive process that operates on a hierarchical memory code. A comparative analysis of computational properties and psychological relevance is substantiated by empirical test and extension to recent work on the internal representation of music. (27 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

More on adolescent pregnancy.

Responds to L. Silka's (see record 1982-30189-001) and P. Williams's (see record 1982-30129-001) comments on D. Baumrind's (see record 1982-01029-001) article concerning teenage sexual activity, pregnancy, and birthrate. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Response to "The hegemony of natural scientific conceptions of learning."

Responds to 2 points made by J. W. Osborne (see record 1982-29343-001) in criticism of an article by the present author (see record 1980-26706-001). Three features of phenomenological psychology and the value of a variety of approaches in psychology are discussed. (10 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Antecedents and consequences of satisfaction and commitment in turnover models: A reanalysis using latent variable structural equation methods.

A review of recent models of organizational commitment (e.g., J. H. Morris and J. D. Sherman; see record 1981-33773-001) and turnover (e.g., W. H. Mobley et al; see record 1979-29973-001) indicates that the causal relation between job satisfaction and organizational commitment had been overlooked and that attempts to identify the antecedents of these variables had suffered from conceptual and methodological limitations. To examine these 2 issues, structural equation methodology was used to reanalyze path analysis data from C. E. Michaels and P. E. Spector (see record 1982-10938-001) and A. C. Bluedorn (see record 1982-22265-001). Four causal models were examined. Across both samples, support was obtained for relations between personal/organizational characteristics and job satisfaction and between satisfaction and commitment. Commitment was also an important determinant of turnover intentions. Results suggest that the path analysis technique does not allow for the simultaneous examination of the effects of exogenous variables on 2 or more endogenous variables. (44 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The empirical claims of maximization theory: A reply to Rachlin and to Kagel, Battalio, and Green.

H. Rachlin (see record 1984-02970-001) and J. H. Kagel et al (see record 1984-02959-001) reported errors in the present author's (see record 1982-22589-001) critique of maximization theory. They presented new evidence that demonstrated that maximization accounts better for equilibrium behavior on schedules of reinforcement than did matching. In this article, Prelec argues that the allegations of mathematical and conceptual errors are without substance and the new data do not differentially favor maximization or matching. (12 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Interpreting children's responses to ambiguous messages: A reply to Robinson and Whittaker (1985).

Responds to E. J. Robinson and S. J. Whittaker's (see record 1985-25142-001) statement that the present author's (see record 1982-05434-001) interpretation of children's responses to ambiguous referential communications could not have been due to the hypothesized performative bias. It is argued that Robinson and Whittaker did not empirically test the hypothesis and so cannot say that their results contradict it. (11 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"International Psychology": Answer to Robert J. Smith.

Replies to a comment by R. J. Smith (see record 1983-29210-001) on the author's article on international psychology (see record 1982-29234-001). The author clarifies points surrounding Marxist psychology, Kritische Psychologie, radical psychology, and similar approaches. He reminds Dr. Smith that these approaches are very popular in Latin America. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A three-wave longitudinal analysis of the causal ordering of satisfaction and commitment on turnover decisions.

L. J. Williams and J. T. Hazer (see record 1986-23287-001) explicated the antecedents and consequences of job satisfaction and organizational commitment on turnover. Their causal model related personal and organizational characteristics to satisfaction, satisfaction to commitment, and commitment to turnover intention. Their structural equation reanalysis of cross-sectional data from C. E. Michaels and P. E. Spector (see record 1982-10938-001) and A. C. Bluedorn (see record 1982-22265-001) support the model. The present study applied structural equation methodology to assess the plausibility of this model with longitudinal data from 440 Ss. Only partial support was obtained for the model. The relations among satisfaction, commitment, and reenlistment intention changed with increased tenure in the organization. This finding suggests that commitment and satisfaction may be either cyclically or reciprocally related. The implications for future turnover research are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Nonparametric effect size estimation: A reply.

Responds to criticisms by J. Krauth (see record 1984-00282-001) of the nonparametric effect size proposed by the present author and G. Andrews (see record 1982-11171-001). It is noted that Krauth's argument indicates the existence of 2 types of effect size, individual- and population-specific, that are of interest in different contexts and disciplines. (2 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Derived IQ estimates from the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery in neuropsychiatric disorders.

Investigated relationships between estimates of IQ derived by S. E. McKay et al (see record 1982-04758-001) and by A. Prifitera and J. J. Ryan (see record 1982-00171-001) from the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery, using Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) IQ values as the criterion. Ss were 64 severely disturbed neuropsychiatric patients (mean age 31.75 yrs). Findings were similar to those of the previous studies regarding Luria-Nebraska correlations with standard IQ scores and question the utility of IQ estimates when relatively precise indicators of intelligence are required. Subsamples of schizophrenics and depressives are also analyzed. (3 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

On the pitfalls of "Ptolemaic" psychology: A reply to Sawusch and Mullennix.

In their reply to the present authors (see record 1986-05428-001), J. R. Sawusch and J. W. Mullennix (see record 1986-05440-001) proposed a counterinterpretation of the authors' results regarding conceptualizations of selective adaptation with speech and described some previously unpublished data that they took to be inconsistent with the present authors' unified adaptation-level account of selective adaptation and contrast effects. It is argued that this counterinterpretation requires a series of purely ad hoc assumptions that render the 2-stage theory of Sawusch and P. Jusczyk (see record 1982-00351-001) almost completely vacuous. It is also shown that the new data of Sawusch and Mullennix are definitely not incompatible with an adaptation-level account. (15 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

What about the question of integration? A reply to Apfelbaum and to Ellis

Responds to B. Apfelbaum's (see record 1982-06074-001) and A. Ellis's (see record 1982-06089-001) critiques of the present authors' (see record 1980-30751-001) article concerning the integration of psychoanalytic and behavior therapies. The replies to both authors are addressed separately. (8 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Adolescent sexuality: Comment on Williams' and Silka's comments on Baumrind.

Responds to comments by L. Silka (see record 1982-30189-001) and P. Williams (see record 1982-30129-001) on D. Baumrind's (see record 1982-01029-001) article on teenage pregnancy, reemphasizing that the public health problems presented by teenage abortion and birthrate mandate a return to a less permissive type of sex education in the schools and an increase in social sanctions for irresponsible parenthood. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Reply to Rathbun and Smith: Who made the Hooper blooper?

Comments on J. Rathbun and A. Smith's (see record 1982-20174-001) criticisms of J. L. Boyd's (see record 1981-09211-001) validity study of the Hooper Visual Organization Test (VOT). Mere use of a screening test does not imply acceptance of the notion that brain damage is a "unitary disorder." Evidence is presented supporting the general sensitivity of the VOT to lesions of both the right and left hemispheres. The rationale for including the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test is clarified. (5 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)