硅橡胶填充经编间隔织物的抗冲击性能

针对普通经编间隔织物在冲击中易于屈曲、缓冲性能受限的问题,以六角型网眼经编间隔织物为增强体,将2种组分的硅橡胶填充到经编间隔织物的间隔层中,经固化后制成不同填充率的复合材料。使用Instron落锤冲击仪对样品在不同冲击速度下的动态性能进行测试,得到其载荷与位移曲线。结果表明,经编间隔织物加入硅橡胶后,刚度变大,载荷承载力明显提高,织物的变形量减少,且峰值的载荷也相应减小。此外,50%填充的复合材料缓冲性能及透气性较完全填充的织物要好。     

调节服装微循环气候的经编间隔织物

德国德累斯顿工业大学纺织服装学院对经编间隔织物的舒适性能进行了研究，该项计划编号为ALF 13086，主要针对于经编间隔织物的产品开发及其性能研究，目的是探讨经编间隔织物选用纤维材料以及纤维的数量对织物热湿传递性能的影响。     

调节服装徽循环气候的经编向隔织物

德国德累斯顿工业太学纺织服装学院对经编间隔织物的舒适性能进行了研究,该项计划编号为ALF 13086,主要针对于经编间隔织物的产品开发及其性能研究,目的是探讨经编间隔织物选用纤维材料以及纤维的数量对织物热湿传递性能的影响.     

经编间隔织物的冲击性能

为探讨间隔织物在一定冲击能量下对人体(支撑物)的保护性能。采用的原料为在拉舍尔双针床经编机上编织的6种不同结构(不同间隔丝梳栉横移针距、间隔丝直径和织物厚度)的间隔织物。分析了不同织物在一定冲击能量下的应力、能量和能量吸收效率特征。实验结果表明,随着间隔丝梳栉横移针距数的减小、间隔丝直径的增大,冲击产生的应力峰值减小,吸收的能量和能量吸收效率峰值增加,但间隔丝过于接近垂直的织物容易发生倒伏,不利于人体保护。较厚的织物产生的应力峰值小、吸收的能量多,中等厚度的织物能量吸收效率峰值高。刚度或厚度大的织物由于产生的应力峰值小有利于人体保护,但在选择织物结构时还需考虑人体穿着的舒适性。     

Thermal and water vapor transmission through porous warp knitted 3D spacer fabrics for car upholstery applications

This paper deals with water vapor transmission and thermal properties of various warp knitted spacer fabrics. In this work, thermal and water vapor permeability of different spacer fabrics have been evaluated by varying the structure, areal density, thickness, type of raw materials, etc. The air permeability and water vapor transmission of the fabrics were measured using the Textest FX-3300 air permeability tester and PERMETEST. The thermal behavior of fabrics was evaluated by Alambeta instrument. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was performed using new statistical software in order to compare the influence of different fabric parameters on thermo-physiological behavior of samples. This study established that the raw materials, type of spacer yarn, density, thickness, and tightness of surface layer have significant influence on thermal conductivity in spacer fabrics. The parameters which mainly influence the water vapor permeability of these fabrics are porosity, density, and thickness. The empirical model for thermal conductivity calculation shows very high accuracy when compared with experimental results. The statistical model for spacer fabrics also predicts the thermo-physiological properties with very high accuracy. These findings are important requirements for further designing of spacer fabrics for car seats and back supports.     

针织间隔导电织物的压力电阻传感性能

为了研究针织间隔导电织物的压阻传感性能,将镀银锦纶与锦纶/氨纶包覆纱在无缝成型内衣机上进行编织,制备了3种纬编导电织物,将其与经编间隔织物结合,测试并得到了电阻随应变的变化规律,分析了导电区域面积及压缩方式对电阻-应变传感性能的影响。结果显示:压缩面呈平面时,压缩过程分为电阻随应变的增加先缓慢减小、再急速下降两个阶段;曲面压缩时,压缩过程分为电阻微弱减小、缓慢上升、急剧下降三个阶段,其中曲面压缩阶段Ⅲ和平面压缩阶段Ⅱ均具有较好的线性度和灵敏度,且前者灵敏度优于后者;当传感面积为35 mm×35 mm,且从织物横列方向进行曲面压缩电阻的测量时,传感器的综合传感性能最佳。     

经编贾卡提花间隔织物的顶破性能

为探讨不同经编提花间隔织物结构的顶破性能差异,采用在拉舍尔双针床贾卡经编机上编织的8种不同提花结构的织物进行顶破性能试验,分析不同织物的顶破强力大小和顶破曲线特征,解释了经编间隔织物的顶破机制,并从提花面结构角度讨论对织物顶破强力的影响。结果表明：平布层和提花层分别影响间隔织物顶破过程的第1、2阶段;间隔层结构决定间隔织物顶破高度;提花面结构决定间隔织物顶破强力大小,厚组织顶破强力大于薄组织,顶破强力与网孔尺寸成反比关系;在鞋用经编提花间隔织物的设计中,可根据鞋面部位和功能需求进行灵活的组织搭配,丰富鞋材的花纹图案。     

Analysis of warp knitted fabric structure. Part I: a 3D straight line model for warp knitted fabrics

It is clear that the geometry of fabrics has an important role in their properties. Hence, to predict the behavior of fabrics, it is essential to define a suitable geometrical model. The structure of warp knitted fabrics is more complex than other fabrics. Therefore, to investigate the behavior of warp knitted structures, we need to define a simple model. The aim of this paper is to present a 3D straight line model for two‐guide‐bar warp knitted fabrics. To verify the suggested model, geometrical parameters, i.e. run‐in and weight per unit area of different samples were used. The investigation showed that in comparison to previous loop models, results of the straight line model correspond more to the experimental values. It is concluded that a straight line model can predict satisfactory geometrical properties of two‐guide‐bar warp knitted fabrics.     

薄型经编毛涤织物的生产工艺

介绍了薄型经编毛涤织物的生产流程、工艺参数和工艺配方,分析大生产过程中原料选择、织造密度张力、预定形、染料选择、染色温度、保温时间、助剂等影响产品质量的关键因素,强调在经编机上织造时上机密度不能太高,送经张力不能太大,以防止断头。采用低温一浴法染色,选用低温型分散染料,采用助剂增溶等技术关键。对织物各项性能测试,并与薄型纬编羊毛织物相比,薄型经编毛涤织物透气性稍差,强力高,抗起毛起球,尺寸稳定性好,是高档服装的优选面料。     

Analysis of warp knitted fabric structure. Part V: experimental study on the initial modulus of warp knitted fabrics

In the previous parts of this series, tensile properties of warp knitted fabrics were investigated using energy method. For this purpose, the geometry of fully threaded two-guide bar structures, i.e. tricot, locknit, reverse locknit, satin and sharkskin were modeled by considering the fabric density, yarn diameter and the number of front and back bar underlaps. Then, the theoretical models for the initial modulus of aforementioned structures were obtained. In the present study, the initial modulus of actual fabrics has been calculated using presented models in previous parts. Then, a new test method was defined for tensile testing of warp knitted fabric, specifically. Thereafter, the initial modulus of prepared samples has been measured by using tensile tester in order to compare with theoretical values, based on derived test conditions. Reasonable agreements between theoretical and experimental results showed that generated models are capable to predict the initial modulus of fully threaded two-guide bar warp knitted fabrics, adequately.     

Characterization and analysis of in-plane shear behavior for glass warp knitted non-crimp fabrics based on bias extension experiment

Abstract

In this article, the in-plane shear rigidity modulus of five commercially available fabrics of glass warp knitted non-crimp fabrics (WKNCFs) was experimentally investigated by uniaxial bias extension test (UBE). The aim was to characterize and compare the shear behavior of relatively high areal density fabrics, while these fabrics could have good potential to be widely used in the composites field. In this work, five fabrics were included: a uni-directional, 2 bi-axial, and 2 tri-axial fabrics. To characterize the shear properties, stress equations were established to deliver the in-plane modulus of shear rigidity as a function to shear angle. The fabric structure of uni-axial or multi-axial had a different influence on the shear resistance mechanics along with the influence of the stitching pattern; both were also presented in the comparison of deformation mechanisms. It was found that the shear behavior of all five fabrics was dissimilar to each other.     

轴向经编织物的拉伸性能及其影响因素研究

通过对轴向经编织物的拉伸性能及其部分影响因素的测试分析,揭示了影响织物拉伸性能的一些重要因素。企业只有合理选择原料、工艺等参数。设计出结构性能合理的织物,才能满足实际应用对复合材料性能的要求。     

Hydroentangling knitted fabrics for improving abrasion resistance

Abstract

Hydroentangling is used as the mechanical finish to improve abrasion resistance of knitted fabrics. The hydroentangling process successfully reduced the amount of loose surface fibers and led to improved abrasion resistance. However, other properties such as fabric thickness and softness were also affected by the treatment.     

Permeability and impact properties of warp-knitted spacer fabrics for protective application

An experimental investigation was carried out to study the effect of interlining material on the comfort and dynamic deformation characteristics of body armour. Suitable plies of interlining materials were selected based on the fabric comfort properties and the impact resistance specified for ballistic application. Kevlar woven fabric was used to block the projectile, and the spacer fabric was used as an interlining material to ensure wearing comfort and for imparting impact resistance. The yarn denier of the middle and bottom layers of the spacer fabrics was maintained constant, and three different deniers were used for the face layer. Three different plies of spacer fabrics were analysed by means of thermophysiological comfort properties to select the suitable interlining material for body armour. The experimental results confirm that the number of plies of spacer fabrics has significant influence on the ballistic armour characteristics than the face layer denier as proved by two-way ANOVA. The substantiated spacer fabric was used as an interlining material, and the depth and area of deformation were analysed. The research findings demonstrated that the three-plied warp-knitted polyester spacer fabric produced better results than single- and five-plied spacer fabrics. One-way ANOVA and Turkey’s HSD also confirmed the influence and interaction of different plies of spacer fabrics.     

Analysis of water absorbency into knitted spacer structures

The absorbency properties of knitted structures are very important in designing garments that both remove liquid sweat from the skin and provide tactile and sensorial comfort to the wearer. Water absorbency by knitted spacer structures was experimentally investigated using a gravimetric absorbency tester to record absorbency rate, total absorbency and time taken to saturate the structure. The geometry of spacer structures was analysed and a model created to define the capillary characteristic in the spacer yarn. Absorbency into the spacer structures was modelled using the fabric parameters, the capillary radius and the properties of water. Experimental and theoretical results were compared to validate the models.     

反应性阳离子水性聚氨酯对羊绒针织物抗起毛起球整理

以自制的阳离子型水性聚氨酯对纯羊绒针织物进行抗起毛起球整理,研究了整理剂应用工艺对纯羊绒针织物抗起毛起球整理效果的影响.研究结果表明:在整理剂最佳的应用工艺下(整理剂用量为80％ (owf)、工作液pH值5～6、处理浴温度40～50℃,20 min、热固工艺100℃烘干、110 ～120℃,5 min、浴比1∶25),助剂可显著提高羊绒针织物的抗起毛起球性能.其起毛起球等级可以提高2.0 ～2.5级,且织物的手感和白度等风格不受整理剂的影响.     

用于复合材料的针织间隔织物的开发

描述了在横机上开发两种间隔物的方法.织物有两睂外层,用U形或V形交连结构连接而成,主要应用领域为轻质复合材料.     

增强水泥基用经编多轴向网格织物结构设计

针对增强水泥基用的经编多轴向网格织物进行结构设计,通过对增强水泥基复合材料所用的经编多轴向网格织物结构特点进行分析,以增强水泥基复合材料为出发点,从经编多轴向织物的网格尺寸和力学性能角度,对增强纱原料和规格的选择、增强纱的铺设方向和排纱方式以及捆绑结构的设计等方面进行了阐述,随后讨论,得出了关于纱线间隙和织物面密度的计算方法,最后设计和生产某种规格的经编四轴向网格织物,并对此织物的力学性能的验证,证明可以根据实践中水泥基复合材料的要求设计出相应的多轴向网格结构。     

拼接对针织物拉伸性能和服装压力的影响

为了分析拼接工艺对针织物服用性能的影响,通过对15种锦纶/氨纶弹性针织物分别进行10%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%拉伸率下的拉伸力值测试。从15种织物中优选3种进行拼接组合,并测试其拉伸性能,建立了单种针织物拉伸力值和拼接针织物拉伸力值的回归方程;测试了不同拉伸率下单种针织物试样和拼接针织物试样的服装压力,并建立了拉伸力值、拉伸率和服装压力的回归方程,总结了织物拉伸力值与服装压力的相互关系,能够辅助预测弹性针织物拼接后的拉伸力,为针织服装压力的相关研究提供参考和指导。研究结果表明:弹性针织物纵向与横向的拉伸率呈高度正相关。拼接针织物试样拉伸力与单种针织物试样拉伸力间存在显著相关性,且拼接针织物拉伸力受2种织物中拉伸力较大织物的影响大。通过拉伸率、拉伸力及服装压力的回归方程能够较好的预测服装压力。     

纺织帕尔帖元件——改性、等离子涂层结构的间隔织物

阐述了源于将帕尔帖元件与间隔织物相复合的一工业发展项目。目标是基于帕尔帖效应生产一种可以利用直流电进行制冷的织物。在该项目的后续研究中。开发了一种由特殊的超传导包缠线和实验用半导体涂层纱构成的间隔织物。