机械合金化法制备Fe—Ni系列非晶合金

用机械合金化法制备了Fe-Ni系列非晶合金,用X射线衍射仪对不同机械合金化处理的Fe-Ni系列混合粉末进行了分析。结果表明：在Fe-Ni合金中加入P,B可促进真产生非晶,原子分数分别为Fe40Ni40P20,Fe40Ni40P14B6的混合粉末在高强度机械合金化条件下可获得非晶。     

表面镍磷、镍钴合金镀层提高铸铁齿轮接触疲劳强度研究

研究了HT200灰铸铁齿轮轮齿表面Ni～P和Ni—Co合金镀层的工作性能,采用电子显微镜、光学显微镜等对合金镀层进行了表面形貌、纵剖面界面组织、合金镀层成分,显微硬度等的分析,接触疲劳的试验结果表明能显著提高接触疲劳寿命。     

螺杆钢表面不同激光熔覆层的耐磨与耐腐蚀性能

利用CO_2激光器在38CrMoAl钢表面激光熔覆了Ni35、铁基、钴基和Ni60A合金熔覆层,对比研究了不同熔覆层的组织、耐磨性能和耐腐蚀性能。结果表明:4种熔覆层的显微组织均为细小的枝晶;Ni60A、铁基、钴基、Ni35合金熔覆层的表层硬度分别为771,614,380,290 HV0.1;Ni60A合金熔覆层的耐磨性能最好,磨损率为4.124×10~(-14) m~3·N~(-1)·m~(-1),铁基合金熔覆层、钴基合金熔覆层、Ni35合金熔覆层的耐磨性能依次降低;Ni60A合金熔覆层与钴基合金熔覆层的耐腐蚀性能最好,耐腐蚀性保护评级均为8,Ni35合金熔覆层的次之,铁基合金熔覆层的最差。     

Ni60组织成分对堆焊层性能的影响

采用等离子堆焊技术在低碳钢表面制备Ni60复合堆焊粉末,对低碳钢进行表面改性,分析比较堆焊层的显微组织和表面性能。采用金相显微镜、能谱仪、硬度计等设备观察测试改性层表面性能。结果表明,镍基作为粘结相和强化相弥散在堆焊层中,与堆焊层中碳化物的硬质相,显著提高了堆焊层的耐磨、硬度等性能,同时Ni60复合合金在基体表面均匀分布,显著提高了工件的性能。     

稀土元素含量对铝合金显微组织和性能的影响

制备了不同稀土(RE)元素含量的铝合金铸锭,对其进行均匀化处理后再进行形变热处理,研究了RE含量对其显微组织、力学性能、导电率和耐热性能的影响,最后分析了RE的作用机理及存在形式。结果表明:适量RE的加入能细化铸态合金的晶粒尺寸,但对形变热处理后的组织没有显著影响;RE会降低合金的峰值硬度,提高合金的导电率,当RE的质量分数超过0.1%时会降低合金的拉伸性能;RE能够改善合金的耐热性;RE在合金中主要以β相(AlCuREFeSi)的形式存在。     

铝合金表面2%CeO_2/Ni60A激光熔覆层的组织及耐腐蚀性能

利用激光熔覆技术在6063铝合金表面制备了2%(质量分数)CeO2/Ni60A熔覆层,对它的显微组织、显微硬度和耐腐蚀性能等进行了研究,并与Ni60A合金熔覆层和6063铝合金的进行了对比。结果表明:与Ni60A熔覆层相比,2%CeO2/Ni60A熔覆层的组织更均匀,晶粒更细小,气孔等缺陷更少,且生成了微量Cr3C2、Fe2C、SiC、Fe23(C,B)6等硬质相;在相同的深度处,2%CeO2/Ni60A熔覆层的显微硬度明显高于Ni60A熔覆层的,且最高可达1 180HV;在1mol·L-1H2SO4、3.5%NaCl和1mol·L-1 NaOH腐蚀溶液中,2%CeO2/Ni60A熔覆层的耐腐蚀性能明显优于Ni60A熔覆层和6063铝合金的。     

激光熔覆Ni60和Co-Cr-W合金层的高温磨损特性研究

在4Cr14NiW2Mo耐热合金钢表面熔覆Ni60和Co-Cr-W合金粉末,获得具有良好冶金结合和组织致密的熔覆层。在不同温度条件下（室温、250℃和420℃）,对Ni60和Co-Cr—W熔覆层及其基体材料进行了摩擦磨损试验。研究结果表明：Co-Cr-W熔覆层和基体材料的磨损机制为磨粒磨损、剥层和氧化磨损的共同作用,其摩擦因数随温度的升高而降低;对于Ni60熔覆层,其摩擦因数几乎不受温度的影响,其磨损机制表现为磨粒磨损。在高温条件下,Ni60熔覆层比Co-Cr-W合金熔覆层具有更优良的高温摩擦磨损性能。     

稀土及固溶处理对AM60B合金组织和力学性能的影响

研究了RE和固溶处理工艺对AM60B合金组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明，AM60B的抗拉强度随着RE的增加有显著提高，屈服强度、伸长率也有所提高。固溶热处理（T4）后，Mg17Al12相基本溶解，稀土化合物Al11RE3相未溶解但形貌略有改变，并且合金抗拉强度进一步提高与RE的加入量有关，当RE的含量达到1.6％时，其抗拉强度达到最高。RE的加入和热处理对合金的硬度基本无影响。     

0Cr27Al6.5Mo2RE电热合金材料

在0Cl25Al5RE 的基础上试制成功含Mo 的1400℃OCr27Al6.5Mo2RE 电热合金。本文介绍合金的成分和主要性能,并与国内外同类产品作比较,表明此合金具有使用温度高、快速寿命值高、抗氧化性优良、高温强度高、比电阻大和在不同温度下的电阻温度系数为负值、变化平稳等优点,有利于提高电炉工作效率。已广泛用作各种高温电炉的发热元件。此外,对提高合金性能的原因进行了分析和讨论。     

透平叶片Fe-Ni基高温合金长期稳定性问题

本文阐述了透平叶片材料Fe-Ni基高温合金在使用过程中组织和性能的变化特征。认为限制合金使用寿命的主要因素是它的组织不稳定性。当使用温度超过某极限值时,组织内将发生γ′相的转化或析出片状的TCP相,从而使性能严重恶化。但只要能掌握TCP相析出的规律,就可以大胆选用Fe-Ni基高温合金作为透平叶片材料。     

Abrasion Resistance of Thermal Sprayed Composite Coatings with a Nickel Alloy Matrix and a WC Hard Phase. Effect of Deposition Technique and Re-melting

Coatings resulting from the spraying of mixtures with different proportions of two commercial alloys, a nickel self-fluxing alloy and a tungsten carbide with cobalt, have been produced using two flame-spraying techniques: HVOF, and powder oxy-acetylene flame spraying. The effect of both hard-phase content and coating-spraying technique on abrasion resistance is discussed in terms of the coatings' mechanical properties and microstructure.     

ZrO_2增强镍基激光熔覆层的组织与性能

在45钢基体表面预涂覆添加不同ZrO2含量的Ni60粉,采用TLF3200TM激光加工机进行激光熔覆,制备了ZrO2增强的镍基熔覆层;研究了ZrO2含量对熔覆层显微组织和性能的影响.结果表明:加入ZrO2可以细化熔覆层的显微组织,当ZrO2的质量分数为1%时,熔覆层的综合性能最好,其表面洛氏硬度为77.1 HRA(显微硬度高达1 930 HV),磨损率为0.654 4 kg·m-2,耐蚀性也明显提高.     

Production of Nickel–Chromium Coatings from Powder by Laser Cladding

Russian Engineering Research - The use of self-fluxing Ni12CrFe and NiCr16SiB3 powder in laser cladding within a protective atmosphere (argon) is considered. The characteristics of the powder are...     

包覆镍CNTs/AM60复合材料铸态显微组织与力学性能

采用机械搅拌铸造法制备了包覆镍碳纳米管(CNTs)/AM60复合材料,研究了包覆镍CNTs加入量对铸态复合材料力学性能的影响规律,并用扫描电子显微镜观察了复合材料的拉伸断口形貌以及显微组织。结果表明:复合材料显微组织为等轴晶,包覆镍的CNTs主要分布在-αMg共晶相内和晶界处,不仅起到细化晶粒的作用,而且还起到搭接晶粒和强化晶界的作用;复合材料的力学性能随CNTs加入量的增多呈现先增大后减小的趋势,当其质量分数为1%时,抗拉强度、显微硬度、伸长率同时达到最大,比AM60镁合金分别提高了46.23%,41.82%,74.52%,弹性模量在其质量分数为1.2%时达到最大。     

火焰喷涂WC合金涂层显微组织的分析

将工件预热到一定温度后对待喷涂表面喷撒镍基自熔性合金粉末,比较了涂层和基体显微组织的不同,分析了涂层显微组织的形成机理,通过能谱确定了其显微结构以及所含的各种元素。结果表明,涂层各种元素分布均匀,与基体之间形成了良好的冶金结合。     

Different Approaches to the Investigation and Testing of the Ni-Based Self-Fluxing Alloy Coatings—A Review. Part 2: Microstructure,Adhesive Strength,Cracking Behavior,and Residual Stresses Investigations

After presenting general facts about Ni-based self-fluxing alloy coatings and describing the wear and corrosion studies in Part 1, Part 2 of the article deals with the review and systematization of the investigations on behavior of these coatings exposed to external mechanical loading (cracking behavior, adhesive strength, fatigue), residual stresses, and microstructure (particle state, phases, porosity, dilution, dissolution) considering the period from 2000 to 2013. The following deposition technologies are included: flame spraying, high-velocity oxy/air fuel spraying, detonation gun spraying, electric arc spraying, plasma spraying, plasma-transferred arc welding, and laser cladding. In addition to the review of investigations on microstructure and effects of external loading and residual stresses, reference is also given to papers describing the application of the Ni-based self-fluxing coatings, as well as to those in which these coatings were used as a reference material or an addition to obtain a composite coating.     

MoDTP或MoDTC与Ni—P合金镀层的协同效应

研究了二烷基二硫代磷酸钼（简称ＭｏＤＴＰ）和二烷基二硫氨基甲酸钼（ＭｏＤＴＣ）的摩擦学性能。结果表明，油中加ＭｏＤＴＰ与不加添加剂相比，４５钢耐磨性提高４．６８倍，摩擦系数降低５０．２４％。且ＭｏＤＴＰ的减摩性和耐磨性均优于ＭｏＤＴＣ。还考察了Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金镀层的摩擦学性能，发现用基础油润滑时，Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金镀层的耐磨性比４５钢提高６．２倍，但摩擦系数却高出２０．３５％。此外，ＭｏＤＴＰ与Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金     

Improvement of the fretting damage resistance of Ti-811 alloy by Cu/Ni multilayer films

The Cu/Ni multilayer films were prepared on the titanium alloy surface by ion-assisted magnetron sputtering deposition (IAD) technique. The Cu/Ni multilayer films could significantly improve the resistance of fretting wear and fretting fatigue (FF) of Ti-811 alloy at room temperature. The FF resistance of the titanium alloy substrate did not increase monotonically with increase in the modulation period thickness of the Cu/Ni multilayer films. The Cu/Ni multilayer films with modulation period thickness of 200 nm had the highest FF resistance among the prepared Cu/Ni multilayer films for its comprehensive properties with high toughness, high strength and good lubricating action.     

镍基合金喷熔层摩擦学行为与机制的研究

采用热喷熔工艺制备了两种镍基合金喷熔层,并选用高锰钢、不锈钢作为对比材料,研究了镍基合金喷熔层的摩擦磨损性能。研究结果表明：镍基合金喷熔层具有良好的耐磨损性能和较低的摩擦系数。镍含量对喷熔层的摩擦学性能有显著影响,高镍含量的镍基合金,其耐磨性能明显优于低镍含量的镍基合金。在低速轻载条件下,镍基合金喷熔层的磨损机理为微观犁削;高速重载时,表现为粘着磨损和磨料磨损,其中高镍含量的喷熔层表面形成了致密的转移膜,有效地降低了磨损率。     

Tribological properties of flame sprayed Fe–Ni–RE alloy coatings under reciprocating sliding

Fe–Ni–RE self-fluxing alloy powders were flame sprayed onto 1045 carbon steel. The tribological properties of Fe–Ni–RE alloy coatings under dry sliding against SAE52100 steel at ambient conditions were studied on an Optimol SRV oscillating friction and wear tester in a ball-on-disc contact configuration. Effects of load and sliding speed on tribological properties of the Fe–Ni–RE coatings were investigated. The worn surfaces of the Fe–Ni–RE alloy coatings were examined with a scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and an energy-dispersive spectroscopy(EDS). It was found that the Fe–Ni–RE alloy coatings had better wear resistance than the SAE52100 steel. An adhered oxide debris layer was formed on the worn surface in friction. Area of the friction layer varied with variety of sliding speed, but did not vary with load. The oxide layer contributed to decreased wear, but increased friction. Wear rate of the material increased with the load, but dramatically decreased at first and then slightly decreased the sliding speed. The friction coefficient of the material was 0.40-0.58, and decreased slightly with the load, but increased with sliding speed at first, and then tended to be a constant value. Wear mechanism of the coatings was oxidation wear and a large amount of counterpart material was transferred to the coatings.