基于数据驱动的电网工程竣工结算自动审核系统

电网工程结算数据量庞大,当前系统无法满足实际应用要求.为此,设计了数据驱动的电网工程竣工结算自动审核系统.首先采集电网工程结算审核凭证数据,对数据进行预处理和审核任务分组,通过任务分配与调度策略在MEC服务器上实现结算审核,缓解中心服务器数据处理压力,将审核结果反馈给中心服务器,再归纳、整理完成整个电网工程竣工结算审核...     

浅谈环境监测数据的审核

环境监测审核工作的进行直接关系着最后监测数据的准确性,主要通过对环境监测数据重要性的阐述,以及监测数据“五性”的描述,来说明审核环境监测数据工作的重要性,并提出相关的审核建议.     

浅议地下水水质检验结果的审核

对地下水水质检验结果数据之间关系的合理性从理论上进行了研究,为数据合理性审核提供科学参考.     

关于对环境监测数据审核的论述

结合监测站的实际工作,分析了如何提高环境监测数据审核工作的质量。     

核电厂外围空气吸收剂量率数据质量保证

介绍了福建省各核电厂外围环境空气吸收剂量率数据的质量保证方法。通过高压电离室的仪器比对、不同系统之间的比较、季度期间核查和日常数据审核,确保空气吸收剂量率数据真实、准确和全面,为全省核与辐射监管提供基础性数据和环境决策的科学依据。     

节能量审核工作机制的研究

通过近几年节能量审核工作的开展,我国基本形成了一套节能量审核的程序、方法,但审核工作中的不足之处也逐渐显露。在系统梳理节能量审核工作现状的基础上,结合大量的调研结果及多年的工作经验,针对节能量审核政策、审核程序、审核方法、审核机构等方面存在的问题,提出建设性的对策,以完善节能量审核工作机制,促进节能量审核工作的规范开展。     

汽车制造行业清洁生产整体审核创新探讨

为提高清洁生产审核的效率,北京市顺义区开展了汽车制造行业清洁生产审核创新试点。本文阐述了汽车制造行业清洁生产审核创新的审核思路、审核程序和审核层级,提出了专项清洁生产审核方法,总结了本次清洁生产审核创新试点的审核成效,为全国其他地区的行业清洁生产审核工作提供了参考和借鉴。     

新形势下清洁生产审核工作创新与实现途径的思考

随着技术工艺水平的进步及管理要求的提升,清洁生产审核工作的创新势在必行。本文从审核对象、审核模式、审核内容和审核结果应用四个方面的创新进行分析,梳理现有各个环节存在的问题,提出不同的推进途径。审核对象范围的扩大,使审核工作层次更加丰富,覆盖面更大,可从更高视角看待现有问题,并从全局角度解决问题;审核模式的创新,在保持审核工作延续性的基础上,最大程度地提高了审核效率;审核内容上的创新,加入了“降碳”内容,进一步丰富了审核绩效,提升了审核工作影响力和关注度;审核成果应用创新,使审核工作更好了融入现有管理体系,在与相关工作相辅相成的同时,提升自身重要性。审核工作的创新即是对自身的不断完善进化,更是为实现审核效益最大化的必然选择。     

国家发展改革委 财政部关于印发《节能项目节能量审核指南》的通知发改环资[2008]704号

为规范节能项目节能量的审核方法、审核程序和审核行为,我们编制了《节能项目节能量审核指南》,现印发给你们,请在节能项目节能量审核工作中遵照执行。     

北京市清洁生产知识问答

<正>北京市开展清洁生产审核有哪几个工作流程?政府发布单位提交实施清洁审核评估资金支持政府组织审核单位名单审核申请生产窜核审核评估项目实施绩效验收清洁生产审核实施单位是如何确定的?北京市清洁生产审核实行名单管理制度。强制性审核实施单位名单,由北京市发展和改革委、北京市环保局会同有关行业主管部门按年度发布。自愿性审核实施单位名单实行动态管理,由北京市发展和改革委会同市级相关行业主管部门根据北京市节能减排工作重点,通过公开征集、试点推荐     

Satellite-based snow identification and its impact on monitoring photovoltaic systems

Earth observation allows the separation of snow cover and cloudiness using multispectral measurements. Several satellite-based snow monitoring services are available, ranging from regional to world-wide scales. Using these data enables photovoltaic (PV) plant management to differentiate between failures due to snow coverage on a PV system and other error sources. Additionally, yield estimates for solar siting are improved. This paper presents a validation study from January to April 2006 comparing satellite-based datasets with ground measurements from German and Swiss meteorological stations. A false alarm rate, an error due to irradiance underestimation, the availability of daily data, and the classification accuracy are introduced as quality metrics. Compared to Switzerland, generally a higher accuracy is found in all datasets for Southern Germany. The most significant difference among the datasets is found in the error pattern shifting from too much snow (which results in an error due to underestimation of irradiance) to too little snow detection, causing a false alarm in PV monitoring.Overall, the data records of the Land Surface Analysis Satellite Application Facility (LSA SAF), the German Aerospace Center (DLR) and the Interactive Multisensor Snow and Ice Mapping System (IMS) are found to be most suitable for solar energy purposes. The IMS dataset has a low false alarm rate (4%) and a good data availability (100%) making it a good choice for power plant monitoring, but the error due to underestimation relevant in site auditing is large with 59%. If a cumulative snow cover algorithm is applied to achieve information every day as needed both for power plant monitoring and site auditing, both the DLR and the LSA SAF datasets are comparable with classification accuracies of 70%, false alarm rates of 37% and 34%, respectively, and errors due to irradiance underestimation in 26% and 27% of all coincidences.     

Integrity of financial information and firms' access to energy in developing countries

There are strong international pressures on developing countries to achieve the universal energy access 2030 goal and to establish stricter monitoring mechanisms of firms' financial information to attract energy investment. We argue that energy access is both a technical and an economic issue, and hence the integrity of firms' financial information is a key monitoring mechanism. We analyze the impact of financial information integrity on firms' access to energy in 138 developing countries. Our results show that the integrity of financial information is a robust predictor of firm's access to energy. The decision of a firm to have its financial accounts externally audited is associated with a higher probability of better access to energy. The effect depends on country size, but not country development. Other important aspects of business operation, such as financing and corruption, also affect energy access. The financial information integrity effect on energy access depends on the firm's size, industry and geographical location. Country-level macroeconomic, auditing and energy infrastructure conditions play a role too. Economic and financial development, economic openness, the accounting and auditing environment and the technical conditions of energy generation in a country are important controlling factors of the financial information integrity effect. Policy considerations in the developing world aiming at improving firms' access to energy must pay attention to the role of external monitoring mechanisms and the conditions that induce firms to embrace higher level and quality of external auditing.     

Energy auditing kit for cement industries

Energy is now a costly and scarce commodity in any manufacturing industry, and hence, it is essential for each industry to develop an energy auditing kit to find the energy conservation opportunities and methods to reduce energy consumption. Such energy auditing would be unique, depending on the type and need of the specific industry. The auditing kit needs essential tools such as (i) subdivision of the production system of any commodity in several blocks or departments and (ii) a reliable metering or measurement system in each block. The reasons to have the subdivision or smaller pockets of a particular stage of production is to pinpoint the location of the higher energy consumption where greater attention is needed. The reasons to have a suitable metering system is to provide data for the energy audit, allow proper distribution of electrical energy costs to individual departments and to provide historical data on which performance evaluation can be done.     

A method for data-driven evaluation of operator impact on energy efficiency of digging machines

Material handling (including digging) is one of the most energy-intensive processes in mining. Operators’ skills and practices are known to be some of the major factors that affect energy efficiency of digging operations. Improving operators’ skills through training is an inexpensive and effective method to improve energy efficiency. The method proposed in this work uses data collected by monitoring systems on digging equipment to detect the monitored parameters that lead to differences in energy efficiency of operators (responsible parameters). After data extraction, removing the outliers, and identifying the operators with sufficient working hours, correlation analysis can be used to find parameters that are correlated with energy efficiency. Regression analysis on pairs of operators is then used to detect responsible parameters. Random sampling is used to overcome missing data issues in the analysis. This statistics-based method is simple and adequately accounts for the high variability in data collected from these monitoring systems. The proposed method was illustrated using data collected on five operators working on a 64-m³ (85 yd³) Bucyrus-Erie 1570w dragline. The case study results show that dump height and engagement/disengagement position of the bucket are the most likely parameters to cause differences between energy efficiency of these operators. On the other hand, cycle time, payload, and swing in time are least likely to influence differences in operator energy efficiency.     

建筑物温室气体排放审计——香港建筑物碳审计指引介绍

本文概述了温室气体排放的相关概念,并以香港建筑物碳审计指引为例,介绍了关于建筑物温室气体排放及减排的审计与报告过程。分析了实行碳审计对建筑物节能减排的作用,以进一步向可持续发展迈进。     

Measurement of CO2 emissions from road freight transport: A review of UK experience

It is possible to estimate CO₂ emissions from road freight transport in different ways, depending on the definition of trucking activity, the degree of reliance on survey, vehicle test-cycle and traffic count data and the geographical scope of the calculation. The emergence of differing road freight-related CO₂ estimates from official sources and revisions to statistical series can frustrate the policy-making process and erode the confidence of industry stakeholders in the validity of the figures. Using UK data, this paper examines the various methods of carbon auditing road freight transport at the national level and compares the results both for a single year (2006) and over a time period. It highlights a series of statistical anomalies and approximations and tries to explain discrepancies that have arisen in the UK data sets. A concluding section considers the general lessons that can be learned from the recent UK experience in this field.     

抓好能源审计 促进节能减排

本文首先从政府机构角度提出了促进能源审计工作的方法,包括正确的政策导向和强有力的推动,开展专业化的技能培训以及加强对审计服务机构的建设。然后从企业的角度分析,提出促进能源审计工作的方法,包括提高企业的重视程度,设置专业能源管理师以及引进新设备新方法等3项措施。     

Auditing energy use in cities

`Energy auditing’ as a technique for obtaining a ‘snapshot’ of the energy flows in a city or urban conurbation is discussed in the context of meeting national and international targets for CO₂ emissions abatement. An audit methodology is presented which addresses the key questions: Who needs to be involved in the audit? How should the city or conurbation be divided? What data are required? How might these data be obtained and then analysed? Which are the areas of significant consumption? A basis for setting local targets for reducing future energy consumption and CO₂ emissions is presented. The scope for auditing major cities and conurbations in the United Kingdom is identified with reference to implementing Local Agenda 21 and satisfying CO₂ emissions reduction targets.     

企业能源审计有关问题的探讨

本文对企业能源审计与企业能量平衡的关系、对企业能源审计的分类和实施过程中的一些问题进行了探讨。     

电力企业综合管理在线审计系统研究与应用

[目的] 为了实现审计工作电子化、规范化、流程化,最大限度解放审计人员的生产力,提高审计质量和资源利用率。 [方法] 从目前的电力企业综合管理的实际出发,通过引入先进理念,应用实施综合管理在线审计系统。 [结果] 是深入推进学习实践科学发展观的有力举措,满足不同层级的审计信息获取需求,提供不同层面、不同维度的决策看板。 [结论] 考核评价企业经营行为的合理性、经营活动的有序性、内部控制的有效性、信息系统的可靠性,使企业管理者能及时获取审计信息,发现企业管理的问题和薄弱点,促进改善企业流程和企业价值增值并确定下步审计重点或者具体审计事项。