冲头式挤压铸造工艺参数对ZA27合金力学性能的影响

采用正交试验分析了冲头式挤压铸造工艺参数对ZA2 7合金力学性能指标的影响。结果表明 :ZA2 7合金冲头式挤压铸造工艺参数影响的主次顺序为比压、铸型温度、浇注温度和保压时间。在适宜的工艺参数下ZA2 7合金力学性能可以达到 :σb=44 0MPa ,δ5=12 % ,HBS130     

ZA27挤压铸造工艺参数的优化

基于人工神经网络建立ZA27合金挤压铸造工艺参数与力学性能关系模型，采用模拟退火算法对ZA27挤压铸造工艺进行多指标优化。结果表明：当比压为40MPa、铸型温度在230～240℃、浇注温度在540～550℃、保压时间在50s左右时，ZA27合金具有较高的综合力学性能。     

挤压铸造工艺参数对柱塞式大高径比ZA27合金铸件力学性能的影响

研究了大高径比(M=H/D=7)ZA27合金铸件的柱塞式挤压铸造.主要分析了挤压铸造工艺参数对大高径比ZA27合金的通体力学性能和显微组织影响规律,初步确定了适合大高径比ZA27合金铸件柱塞式挤压铸造的工艺参数.试验结果表明,挤压铸造能够改善大高径比ZA27合金铸件的通体力学性能,为扩大锌铝合金的应用范围提供了有力的技术保证.     

分层浇注累积液锻成形大高径比制件界面的力学性能研究

通过2A12液态铝合金分层浇注-累积液锻成形大高径比工艺试验、扫描电镜和Instron万能材料试验机等手段，研究了成形的大高径比制件界面处的力学性能，总结除了工艺参数对界面处的力学性能的影响。研究结果表明：采用分层浇注-累积液锻成形大高径比制件的方法是完全可行的；浇注温度、模具预热温度、施加的压力、浇注层数和加压前停留时间是影响界面处力学性能的主要工艺参数；浇注温度为740℃、模具预热温度为480℃、施加的压力为500kN(比压为218．4MPa)、浇注层数为3层、加压前停留时间为5s时界面处的力学性能最好，微观组织具有等轴晶特点。     

神经网络在ZA27挤压铸造工艺中的应用

采用人工神经网络建立铸造锌铝合金ZA27力学性能与铸造工艺参数关系模型，分析各参数对合金性能的影响规律，为高性能合金的制各提供有益的参考数据。结果表明：比压为67MPa、铸型温度180℃、浇注温度580℃、保压时间30s，ZA27合金具有较好的综合力学性能。     

ADC12铝合金连杆挤压铸造

借助万能材料试验机和光学金相显微镜,研究了工艺参数对挤压铸造ADC12铝合金连杆零件力学性能的影响。结果表明,挤压铸造连杆零件具有较高的表面品质和力学性能,其抗拉强度达到371MPa,伸长率达到7.1%。工艺参数对挤压铸造连杆的力学性能有着较大影响,为获得表面品质较好、微观组织致密且力学性能高的连杆零件,适宜的模具预热温度为300℃,加压前停留时间为8s,浇注温度为700℃,比压为322MPa。     

喷射成形ZA35合金热处理工艺的人工神经网络优化

采用人工神经网络方法,研究了固溶温度、固溶时间、时效温度和时效时间对喷射成形ZA35合金力学性能的影响,建立了喷射成形ZA35合金热处理工艺的人工神经网络模型。模型的输入参数为固溶温度、固溶时间、时效温度和时效时间,输出参数为合金抗拉强度和伸长率。该模型可以预测ZA35合金在不同热处理工艺参数下的力学性能,也可以优化热处理工艺参数。推荐喷射成形ZA35合金热处理工艺参数为370 ℃×4 h固溶处理+150 ℃×7 h时效处理。     

ZA43合金液态挤压组织特征

通过对液态挤压ZA43合金宏观及微观组织的观察分析，研究其不同部位组织特征的成因及影响因素，探讨液态挤压件的成形特点，并提出改善和减少过渡区组织的措施。     

挤压铸造工艺参数对铝合金连杆力学和磨损性能的影响

以不同的挤压铸造工艺参数制备了铝合金连杆,并进行了力学性能和磨损性能的测试与分析。结果表明,随浇注温度增大,加压前停留时间从3 s延长到15 s,铝合金连杆试样的力学性能和耐磨损性能先提高后下降。与640℃相比,720℃浇注的试样抗拉强度增大了9%,伸长率和磨损体积分别减小了24%和51%;与加压前停留时间3 s的力学性能相比,加压前停留12 s的试样抗拉强度增大了51%,伸长率和磨损体积分别减小了21%和49%。铝合金连杆的挤压铸造浇注温度和加压前停留时间优选720℃和12 s。     

挤压铸造方式对ZA43合金力学性能的影响

从合金液的流动和压力损失的角度,研究了两种挤压铸造方式对ZA43合金力学性能的影响。结果表明:冲头式挤压铸造使合金液反向充型流动,改善了ZA43合金的凝固条件,有利于补缩,且压力损失小。柱塞式挤压铸造虽然也加强合金液流动,但没有宏观的充型运动,且压力损失大。为获得高塑性ZA43合金铸件,柱塞式挤压铸造所需的比压比冲头式挤压铸造的大得多。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.     

电化学噪声数据处理方法概述

综述了常见的电化学噪声数据处理方法,介绍了直流趋势剔除、统计分析、快速傅立叶变换(FFT)法计算功率谱密度(PSD)以及小波变换处理电化学噪声信号的基本过程,并阐释了各种数学处理及所得参数的物理意义。