在线预测高炉炉底炉缸侵蚀模型的研究方法

采用有限元法、两点法和边界元法，分别建立了高炉炉底炉缸侵蚀的数学模型并分析了三种方法的特点。这些模型可离线或在线监测高炉炉底炉缸侵蚀状况。马钢2500m^3高炉炉底炉缸在线侵:高炉炉底炉缸1150℃侵蚀线处于第七层碳砖的中部位置，形如“象脚”。因此，认为高炉炉底炉缸侵蚀状况基本正常。     

马钢2500m~3高炉炉底炉缸侵蚀模型的研究

针对马钢2500m~3高炉,利用有限元法、两点法及两者相结合的方法,开发了高炉炉底、炉缸侵蚀的数学模型,该模型可离线或在线监测高炉炉底、炉缸侵蚀状况。研究结果表明,高炉炉底、炉缸1150℃侵蚀线处于第七层碳砖的中部位置,形如“象脚“。因此,认为高炉炉底、炉缸侵蚀状况基本正常。     

高炉炉缸炉底侵蚀模型的开发及应用

用有限元法建立了高炉炉缸炉底侵蚀推测二维模型，可在线提供高炉炉缸炉底温度场及侵蚀线图，为高炉安全生产，实现高炉长寿和炉缸炉底的结构参数优化设计提供了依据。     

太钢高炉炉底炉缸长寿探讨

通过分析计算确定了太钢3号高炉侵蚀预测数学模型。为了保障高炉生产的安全,根据太钢3号高炉热电偶历史最高数据预测了炉缸炉底侵蚀状况。同时应用该软件分析铁水流动、耐材导热系数、死铁层深度和高炉异常对炉缸炉底的侵蚀影响,并得出炉缸炉底长寿的若干推论,对评价目前侵蚀状况和护炉及未来太钢长寿高效高炉的建设提出若干参考意见。     

莱钢2~#高炉炉底炉缸侵蚀分析与长寿改造

莱钢2#高炉因炉缸侧壁温度异常升高而停炉大修,在炉缸炉底拆除过程中,发现炉缸出现象脚侵蚀,炉底出现锅底状侵蚀等异常侵蚀现象。通过选用优质耐材、优化砌筑结构、完善炉底侵蚀监测系统,对高炉炉缸炉底进行了长寿改造,达到了预期效果。     

包钢3号高炉炉缸炉底破损调查

对包钢3号高炉炉缸炉底破损状况进行了调查,并对炉缸炉底的侵蚀原因进行了分析。结果表明:炉缸炉底存在"象脚状"侵蚀,侵蚀部位在炉缸炉底交界处,侵蚀的最薄处炭砖残存厚度只有400mm,侵蚀了800mm;风口下方砖衬侵蚀较为严重,风口下方6层大炭砖环裂较为明显,环裂是造成高炉大炭砖破损的主要形式;炉缸自上而下的黏结物中都有碱金属、锌等有害元素的存在,有害元素大量沉积、渗透侵蚀和炭砖体积膨胀是3号高炉炉缸破损的重要原因。     

武钢2号高炉炉缸炉底维护

随着冶炼的强化、炉顶压力的提高和低硅生铁冶炼,武钢2号高炉炉缸、炉底侵蚀加快,为此采取一系列维护炉缸、炉底的措施,同时妥善处理了高炉稳定顺行与维护炉缸、炉底之间的矛盾,既抑制了高炉炉缸、炉底的进一步加剧,同时高炉各项技术经济指标大幅度改善.     

4^#120m^3高炉炉缸炉底侵蚀分析

4^#120m^3高炉停炉大修，其炉缸炉底侵蚀形状较炼铸造铁高炉发生很大变化，研究分析炉缸炉底侵蚀情况，对今后护炉工作具有重要意义。     

包钢4#高炉炉缸破损调查研究

包钢4~#高炉整个炉役寿命长达18年,在国内大中型高炉长寿技术实践中处于领先水平。通过对包钢4~#高炉炉缸和炉底侵蚀状态调查和取样分析发现,象脚状侵蚀部位分布在炉缸炉底交界处,并重点分析了炉缸炉底的侵蚀原因。     

基于有限元法的高炉炉缸炉底侵蚀模型的研究及应用

采用有限元法求解高炉炉缸炉底侵蚀模型,利用边界单元变形方式模拟侵蚀边界,采用最小二乘法将参考点温度计算值与实际测量值的离差平方和最小值作为优化判据,修正侵蚀边界的方向及幅度,从而快速逼近实际侵蚀线位置。该模型用于推定高炉炉缸炉底1 150℃等温线的位置和形状,以便了解和分析高炉炉缸炉底侵蚀情况。模型应用结果表明,采用有限元法计算高炉炉缸炉底温度场分布,具有计算速度快、计算结果精确可靠等优点。     

Voices of fear and anxiety and sadness and depression: The effects of speech rate and loudness on fear and anxiety and sadness and depression.

Two studies investigated the role of expressive vocal behavior (specifically, speech rate and loudness) in fear and anxiety and in sadness and depression. In the 1st study, participants spoke about personally experienced fear and anxiety-arousing and neutral events using 3 different voice styles: fast and loud, normal, and slow and soft. In the 2nd study, participants spoke about personally experienced sad or depressing and neutral events using the same 3 voice styles. In both studies, the participants' highest levels of subjective affective and cardiovascular (CV) arousal occurred when they spoke about the emotional events in a mood-congruent voice style: fast and loud in the case of fear and anxiety, and slow and soft in the case of sadness or depression. Mood-incongruent voice styles canceled the heightened levels of CV arousal normally associated with these negative emotions. The voice-style manipulation had no significant effect on the participants' levels of CV arousal during the neutral discussions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Synthesis and analysis of mixed chlorinated-fluorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans and assessment of formation and occurrence of the fluorinated and chlorinated-fluorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans

Despite the use of multimodal therapy, higher-grade glioma is still uniformly fatal in the adult population. There is a considerable difference between the length of survival in each given patient, even within the same tumor type and malignancy grade group, suggesting that there are factors that might differentially influence outcome. To identify such factors, 107 patients with anaplastic or malignant glioma were retrospectively investigated. Clinical parameters and paraclinical data on the p53, mdm2, and EGFR genes at the DNA or protein level were evaluated by univariate analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression modeling. Kaplan-Meier survival estimation demonstrated that immunohistochemical positivity for mdm2 protein in patients with anaplastic astrocytoma or with glioblastoma multiforme was associated with a shorter survival time (p = 0.02). P53 gene mutations and immunopositivity for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein were not significantly related to poor prognosis. The Cox proportional hazards model revealed immunohistochemical positivity for p53, mdm2, or for both of them, the presence of postoperative irradiation, and the extent of surgical resection of tumor to be variables significantly associated with prolonged survival. EGFR overexpression, age over 60 years, and Karnofsky performance score below 40 points did not significantly shorten survival time. In conclusion, the present study identified immunohistochemically detected mdm2-protein overexpression as a statistically significant negative prognostic parameter in patients bearing anaplastic or malignant glioma. Association analysis of variables revealed a possible correlation between mdm2 and p53, which is also consistent with the biological interaction mode of both proteins in vivo.     

Sexuality and aging--usual and successful

BACKGROUND: As aging research increasingly reflects an effort to dissociate true time-driven changes from those that can be improved, sexuality in later life remains largely unexplored. Several problems are evident. There is a lack of normative data, a lack of a conceptual framework relating to the biology, psychology, and sociology of sex, and an attitudinal resistance that obscures the entire topic. METHODS: We conducted a three-part instructional series on major topics involved with sexuality and aging. We surveyed our group of attendees (n 158, average age 68 for males, 65 for females) before and after the series. RESULTS: A remarkably robust sex life was evidenced by both the men and the women, even until advanced old age. Yet, a substantially decreased involvement was reported from 10 years earlier. Despite current activities, people of both sexes wished they were participating even more than they currently were. Impotency was identified as the major negative feature for the men; relationship problems were for the women. A questionnaire 6 months after the series reported improved sexual attitudes, but no change in sexual activities from the earlier survey. CONCLUSION: Sexuality is a major quality-of-life issue which persists into old age. Our study showed that the usual sexual practices reported by our group were not considered by them to be ideal. The intervention of this instructional series provided improved sexual attitudes but not performance. Additional studies are encouraged.     

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis and sports

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis occur predominantly in the lower lumbar spine. Besides congenital defects such as predisposition of spondylolysis the correlation between competitive sports activities and an increased incidence of spondylolysis is proved. In early stages, complete healing can be achieved by conservative treatment (abstinence from sports activities for 3 months, orthesis). Persistence of pain, neurologic symptoms and progression of vertebral slipping are indications for operative treatment (reconstruction of the isthmus, dorso-ventral spondylodesis). The exercise tolerance depends on the extent of instability, progression of vertebral slipping and clinical symptoms. The limits of exercise tolerance vary among the individual athletes and require the decision of the physician. Backstroke swimming, abdominal and back muscle strengthening exercises, and types of sport involving smooth movements are advisable. Sports education in school is possible without restriction in patients with stable spondylolysis and in those with spondylolisthesis without unfavourable concomitant factors.     

Larks and owls and health, wealth, and wisdom

OBJECTIVE: To test the validity of Benjamin Franklin's maxim "early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise." DESIGN: Cross sectional analysis of sleeping patterns in a nationally representative group of elderly people, and longitudinal investigation of mortality. SETTING: Eight areas in Britain (five in England, two in Scotland, and one in Wales). SUBJECTS: 1229 men and women aged 65 and over who in 1973-4 had taken part in a survey funded by the Department of Health and Social Security and for whom data on sleeping patterns, health, socioeconomic circumstances, and cognitive function had been recorded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self reported income, access to a car, standard of accommodation, performance on a test of cognitive function, state of health and mortality during 23 years of follow up. RESULTS: 356 people (29%) were defined as larks (to bed before 11 pm and up before 8 am) and 318 (26%) were defined as owls (to bed at or after 11 pm and up at or after 8 am). There was no indication that larks were richer than those with other sleeping patterns. On the contrary, owls had the largest mean income and were more likely to have access to a car. There was also no evidence that larks were superior to those with other sleeping patterns with regard to their cognitive performance or their state of health. Both larks and owls had a slightly reduced risk of death compared with the rest of the study sample, but this was accounted for by the fact that they spent less time in bed at night. In the study sample as a whole, longer periods of time in bed were associated with increased mortality. After adjustment for age, sex, the presence of illness, and other risk factors, people who spent 12 or more hours in bed had a relative risk of death of 1.7 (1.2 to 2.5) compared with those who were in bed for 9 hours. The lowest risk occurred in people who spent 8 hours in bed (adjusted relative risk 0.8; 0.7 to 1.0). CONCLUSION: These findings do not support Franklin's claim. A "late to bed and late to rise" lifestyle does not seem to lead to socioeconomic, cognitive, or health disadvantage, but a longer time spent in bed may be associated with increased mortality.     

Craniometaphyseal and craniodiaphyseal dysplasia, head and neck manifestations and management

Mechanical allodynia (MA) following hand injury is a well-documented clinical problem. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the relationship between hand MA and the upper limb tension test (ULTT). The ULTT mechanically stresses the neural structures from the C5/6/7 neural foramina to the median nerve distally. This study examined 29 subjects with unilateral hand MA before and after a 2-week neural self-mobilization programme. There was a significant difference between the subjects' affected and unaffected sides when tested using the ULTT, both in reproduction of symptoms and in reduced range of motion of the ULTT. Following the self-mobilization program, there was an improvement in the range of the ULTT, and subjects reported a reduction in their symptoms. Complete recovery was not obtained in all cases. The results of this study suggest that the ULTT is a useful tool both in assessment and treatment of subjects with hand MA.     

深云立交桥梁检测及加固改造

根据深云立交桥梁的检测结果，对该桥目前的整体状况、工作状态，及其使用情况做出综合评价，对桥的病害原因进行了分析，并提出合理的加固方案。     

关于摩尔浓度及其与硬度转换关系问题的讨论

众所周知，国际单位制物质的量采用摩尔(mol)表示，近几年出版的给排水专业书籍，为了与国际单位制接轨，逐渐将摩尔的使用频率不断提高，被给排水技术人员广泛应用的新版给排水设计手册，将表示物质浓度的单位“当量／升”或“毫克当量／升”．改为mol／l或mmol／l，虽然编者对其基本单元定义作了说明，但在实际运用上仍会出现误解，     

《儿子与情人》的语码转换与男女二元对立

劳伦斯小说《儿子与情人》一个鲜明的语言特色就是标准英语和当地方言频繁的语码转换。莫瑞尔用方言来对抗妻子,而妻子坚持用标准英语,偶尔也用方言来讽刺、挖苦丈夫。语码转换反映了劳伦斯男女二元对立的哲学思想。