不同致密度MoSi2材料在700～1200 ℃的氧化行为

利用热重分析法，SEM和X射线技术研究了不同致密度的MoSi2材料在700—1200℃的循环氧化行为。研究结果表明：氧化480h后，不同致密度的MoSi2材料均未发生“粉化”现象，致密度和“粉化”现象无本质关系。低致密度（85．0％）MoSi2材料氧化动力学在初始和后续阶段基本上都呈直线形，而高致密度的材料氧化动力学遵守抛物线规律。致密度为85．0％的MoSi2材料在700—1200℃之间氧化时，氧化温度越高，材料氧化增重逐渐减少；而致密度为90．2％和94．8％的MoSi2材料在700—1000℃之间，随温度升高，材料增重越多，而在1200℃氧化时，增重最小。     

原位SiC颗粒对SiCP/MoSi2抗氧化性能的影响

利用热重量分析法(简称TGA法)、X-射线衍射(X-Ray)、SEM和氧化动力学分析等手段研究了原位反应高温热压一次复合工艺所制不同百分含量原位SiC颗粒增强的SiCP/MoSi2在800～1 200 ℃的抗氧化性能.结果表明,SiCP/MoSi2复合材料的抗氧化性能强于纯MoSi2材料;适量原位SiC颗粒的生成可以提高SiCP/MoSi2复合材料的抗氧化性能;材料氧化反应生成的SiO2层的致密性影响其氧化活化能及抗氧化性能,SiO2层越致密,氧化活化能越高, 抗氧化性能越好.     

添加B对包渗法制备MoSi2涂层显微组织及静态抗氧化性能的影响

采用包渗法在Mo基体表面制备了B强化的MoSi2涂层,研究了涂层的显微结构、元素分布、相组成以及静态高温抗氧化性能。结果表明:涂层与基体之间通过扩散形成牢固的冶金结合,涂层整体厚度为80～120μm,共由三层组成。涂层中B元素沿晶界扩散富集引起的晶格畸变,使得Si在MoSi2中的扩散系数减小,导致B强化MoSi2涂层中间层厚度相对纯MoSi2涂层中间层厚度减小,但涂层整体厚度增大。经1200℃静态氧化2h后,B强化的Mo-Si2涂层失重为0.6mg/cm2,大大小于纯MoSi2涂层失重量(1.3mg/cm2),表面生成一层致密的SiO2为主体的氧化膜,阻止了涂层的进一步氧化。     

C/C复合材料硅化物涂层形貌及结构

采用料浆烧结法在1450℃温度下烧结制备了C／C复合材料硅化物高温抗氧化涂层，通过XRD和SEM分析涂层结构及相组成，并对涂层形成机理及涂层氧化前后的结构和形貌变化进行了研究。结果表明：在C／C复合材料表面生成了以MoSi：为主、含部分SiC的两相硅化物主体层，同时在主体层和基体间生成SiC过渡层，保证了涂层与基体的良好结合；涂层在1500℃下氧化生成SiOz玻璃膜，阻挡了氧向基体内部的扩散；氧化过程中Si元素的扩散导致涂层内部微裂纹增多，同时SiC过渡层厚度增加。     

关于MoSi_2氧化相低温化学稳定性图的建立与分析

从热力学角度建立了MoSi2 氧化相的低温化学稳定性图 ,并对实验现象进行了分析。建立的MoSi2 氧化相的低温化学稳定性图阐明了MoSi2 材料低温氧化生成物与温度、氧分压之间的关系 ;可较好地解释实验现象和结果 ;并指出减少MoSi2 材料的内部缺陷 ,使扩散至界面的氧分压维持较低数值 ,可避免生成挥发性MoO3相 ,从而防止材料的“PEST”现象。     

硼化锆基复合陶瓷粉末制备及喷涂涂层抗烧蚀性能

超高温ZrB2/MoSi2 陶瓷涂层可有效提高C/C 陶瓷基复合材料抗高温烧蚀性能。采用喷雾干燥团聚造粒法 制备复合团聚粉末,然后采用等离子致密化工艺对团聚复合粉末进行致密化处理,研究了等离子致密化工艺参数 对处理后粉末性能的影响,经等离子致密化处理后,粉末松装密度及流动性均得到了明显提高,当送粉速率为 50 g/min 时,ZrB2/MoSi2 粉末松装密度及流动性分别为3.26 g/cm3 和21.5 s/50g,与团聚态粉末相比,松装密度及 流动性分别提高了108.97 % 和59.01 %,致密化处理后粉末的氧含量降低至0.05 wt.%,在等离子致密化处理过 程中ZrB2/MoSi2 复合粉末几乎未被氧化。对等离子喷涂涂层进行了烧蚀试验,烧蚀后涂层结构完整未发生剥落, 表明制备的ZrB2/MoSi2 涂层具有良好的抗高温烧蚀性能。     

料浆烧结法制备改性Si-Cr-Ti高温抗氧化涂层的研究

采用料浆烧结法制备了C-103铌合金上的改性Si—Cr—Ti高温抗氧化涂层，在涂层料浆中添加活性元素Zr和稀土氧化物Y2O3。进行了1200℃静态抗氧化实验，室温-1200℃的热震实验，1200℃间断氧化增重实验。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱(EDS)和X射线(XRD)等分析研究了涂层的形貌、结构、元素分布、相分布等。结果表明：涂层由两层组成，其外层是涂层主体，由复杂的(Yb，Cr，Ti，Zr)Si2相组成；中间扩散过渡层为致密的NbSi2相和少量Nb5Si3相共存。加改性元素Zr和稀土氧化物Y2O3能增加涂层的致密度和扩散过渡层宽度，改善涂层体系的抗氧化性能。扩散形成的过渡层与基体、涂层主体层之间的界面平直；过渡层本身致密，且能有效阻止裂纹的进一步扩展和氧向基体的扩散。     

低压等离子喷涂 TaSi2/MoSi2 涂层组织结构及性能研究

采用低压等离子喷涂技术制备了 TaSi2/MoSi2 涂层。 通过 XRD、 SEM 、 EDS 等手段分析了涂层氧化前后 组织结构及相结构。 结果表明, TaSi2/MoSi2 涂层呈现典型的层状结构, 组织结构均匀致密 , 孔隙率为 3.1%; 涂 层由 TaSi2 和 MoSi2 两相组成, 喷涂过程中未发生相结构转变; 空气中 1650℃氧化 30min 后, 涂层表面生成致密 和玻璃态 SiO2 保护膜, 涂层具有良好的自愈合能力 , 表现出良好的高温抗氧化性能。     

铜含量对改良型T91钢高温氧化行为的影响

 为了研究铜元素对改良型T91钢抗高温氧化性能的影响,在650 ℃空气环境下,采用了高温氧化试验法和不连续称重法,获得了3种不同铜含量的高温氧化动力学曲线,并利用XRD、SEM、EDS对其高温氧化膜的物相、表面及截面形貌结构和特征进行了分析。结果表明,随着铜含量的增加,改良型T91耐热钢的抗高温氧化性能得到提高,表面氧化膜的晶粒增大,且更为均匀、致密;氧化膜为双层结构,外层为疏松多孔的Fe₂O₃“非保护性”氧化膜,内层则拥有连续致密的“保护性”氧化膜;铜元素在高温氧化过程中对铝、硅元素的扩散有一定的促进作用,可生成Al₂O₃和SiO₂保护性氧化膜,在与Cr₂O₃保护性氧化膜的共同作用下提高了试验钢的抗高温氧化性能。     

Ti基表面激光重熔Al涂层及高温氧化行为研究

为了提高纯Ti的高温抗氧化性能,采用电弧喷涂方法在Ti基表面制备Al涂层。采用激光重熔扫描Al涂层,使Ti层与Al层发生冶金反应,对其进行800℃,40h连续氧化,根据Ti与Al反应生成的金属间化合物,研究其高温抗氧化行为。结果表明:经过表面改性处理后的Al涂层可以显著地提高纯Ti的高温抗氧化性能;在激光重熔过程中,Al元素发生熔化扩散与Ti结合形成以Ti Al3为主的扩散层;在高温氧化过程中,涂层表面形成连续且致密的α-Al2O3,同时扩散层中的富Al相为Ti基表面提供充足的Al元素,进而对Ti基体提供有效的高温抗氧化保护作用。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.