基于有限状态机与WebSocket的投票系统

近年来,随着企事业单位信息化建设的大力发展,投票评审成为考评决策的重要手段. 然而传统的投票评审系统普遍存在稳定性和扩展性较差的问题,并且难以应对投票过程中的各种突发情况. 本文利用有限状态机和WebSocket技术,实现了一个实时高可靠的投票系统. 本系统具有较高的扩展性,可通过灵活配置,实现多种形式的投票信息化管理,并可扩展多种模板以满足不断增长的业务需求. 经过多次实际应用证明,系统实现了快速稳定的投票评审过程,极大地提高了评审效率.     

基于表决的分布式入侵容忍系统模型及量化分析*

针对现有入侵容忍系统模型没有考虑响应时间,自适应性差和入侵容忍能力低的问题,提出一种基于表决的分布式入侵容忍系统模型。该模型能够提供响应时间稳定的服务,具有更好的自适应性和入侵容忍能力。通过对模型的量化分析,总结了使用门限隐藏和表决技术所产生的三种情况,分析了这三种情况对模型入侵容忍能力的影响以及在这三种情况下各因素与入侵容忍度之间的联系。仿真结果表明,该模型具有更好的完整度、保密度和入侵容忍度,对建立提供连续可靠服务的高入侵容忍能力的系统具有积极的指导意义。     

一种基于数字签名的实用电子投票系统

电子投票系统的研究与设计正逐渐成为信息安全领域的研究热点。本文通过研究三种典型电子投票模型,针对选票碰撞、中途退出和作弊现象等关键问题,提出一种新的电子投票系统,系统设计基于RSA、盲签名、比特承诺等技术,采用数字签名和临时id方案。研究表明,该系统可以较好地解决电子投票系统中的若干关键问题,是一种实用和安全的电子投票系统。     

基于HElib的安全电子投票方案

传统的电子投票应用中,若投票服务器管理方出现安全问题,投票过程中的匿名性、完整性和公开可验证性将难以保证。针对此问题,设计实现了一个基于全同态加密技术的电子投票方案。首先,基于全同态加密算法,结合PKI和数字签名技术设计了一个安全电子投票方案;然后针对电子投票的特殊性,基于HElib同态算法库设计了一个高效的同态密文加法器;最后在同态密文加法器的基础上,实现了安全电子投票系统。安全性方面,该投票方案有效的解决了电子投票中匿名性、完整性和公开可验证性的难题。而在性能上,测试表明该投票系统可以基本满足应用场景的使用需求。     

Universal access in e-voting for the blind

Since the inception of elections and election technologies, all segments of the voting population have never been granted equal access, privacy and security to voting. Modern electronic voting systems have made attempts to include disabled voters but have fallen short. Using recent developments in technology a secure, user centered, multimodal electronic voting system has been developed to study a multimodal approach for providing equity in access, privacy and security in electronic voting. This article will report findings from a study at the Alabama Institute for the Deaf and Blind where more than thirty-five blind or visually impaired participants used the multimodal voting system. The findings suggest that the proposed multimodal approach to voting is easy to use and trustworthy.     

基于版面理解的选票软件设计

通过分析选举流程,设计并实现了自动录入和自动识别的投票选举系统。系统利用twain扫描仪自动扫描选票获取图像,使用图像处理和符号识别技术判断选票填写区域的符号,根据预定义的含义识别出的符号结果得出选民的意愿。系统允许用户根据自身需求,自定义选票版式,具备很强的通用性;系统可以记录选票中选举项位置范围,可以适应多选举项选举,适用范围较广。实验结果表明,系统的开发方法科学合理,具有用户界面简洁、操作简易、功能完备等特点,具有很高的实用价值。     

一种基于执行体异构度的拟态裁决优化方法

网络空间拟态防御技术通过构建动态异构冗余的系统架构来提高系统的安全性能,而裁决器的表决机制是防御链中的关键步骤,直接影响拟态系统的安全性和效率。针对拟态表决环节的任务特性,对一致表决算法进行改进,设计基于执行体异构度的拟态裁决优化方法。结合拟态防御系统的异构特性,在选择执行体表决输出时引入执行体间的异构度作为决策因素,同时综合考虑执行体数目和历史记录信息,使表决算法更适用于拟态架构面临的威胁场景。实验结果表明,与一致表决算法相比,该算法能够显著提高拟态系统的安全性能,有效规避共模逃逸的风险。     

网络投票系统的防注入数据技术探讨

网络投票系统作为一种大众投票系统,正在被广泛的使用,如果设计不合格的话,投票系统变的形同虚设,投票数据的真实性会大打折扣。为了解决投票系统数据注入问题,使投票系统更可靠,数据更真实,本文将要讨论网络投票系统存在的一些技术漏洞和改进的方法。     

网络投票系统的防注入数据技术探讨

网络投票系统作为一种大众投票系统，正在被广泛的使用，如果设计不合格的话，投票系统变的形同虚设，投票数据的真实性会大打折扣。为了解决投票系统数据注入问题，使投票系统更可靠，数据更真实，本文将要讨论网络投票系统存在的一些技术漏洞和改进的方法，     

基于SEAL库的同态加权电子投票系统

电子投票比传统纸质投票更为灵活高效,能节省大量人力物力,在不同选举场合中的地位越来越重要.同态加密技术可以在电子投票过程中发挥重要作用,同态加密技术结合其他安全技术和手段来设计的电子投票系统,可以在计票过程中有效保护投票者的身份隐私,相比其他类型的电子投票系统也更为简洁高效.为了解决电子投票中的身份隐私保护和实现效率问题,本文提出了一种基于SEAL库的同态加权电子投票系统,通过同态操作实现密文计票,可有效抵抗来自计票中心内部的恶意攻击,保证选票保密性和计票结果正确性;通过在选票中引入投票权重,可以使电子投票系统实现加权投票;通过将选票信息密态存储在云端数据库,将计票中心部署在云端,可在保证安全的前提下借助云计算服务实现高效计票;系统中加密算法的安全性基于格上RLWE困难问题,可以抵抗量子计算攻击.对所设计投票系统的效率测试表明,完成对1000张选票的计票工作仅耗时1.867 s,相比Will等人在ICCCRI2015中提出的基于Paillier的电子投票系统计票耗时减少了32.73%,相比Wang等人在2017年提出的基于Helib的电子投票系统计票耗时减少了99.26%,相比Li在2017年提出的基于Helib的电子投票系统计票耗时减少了91.81%.本文提出的同态加权电子投票系统可以满足多个候选人投票和加权投票,能够适用于多种投票场景,且计票效率可以满足大规模投票的应用需求.     

Public opinion's influence on voting system technology

The US general election in 2000 represents a turning point in elections history. A laborious count and analysis of what was statistically a tie vote in Florida decided the highly scrutinized contest for US president. Simultaneously, voting system standards continued evolving, spurred in part by the introduction of new, high-power technologies. These factors, coupled with an unprecedented level of public scrutiny, changed nearly all aspects of the election process. With its recounts, interpretation of voter intent, and presumed problems related to punch-card voting, the 2000 presidential vote triggered the passage of the Help America Vote Act (HAVA) and the massive trend toward direct recording electronic voting systems (DREs). The election process, which had always been taken for granted, now faced intense scrutiny from the media, computer scientists, conspiracy theorists, advocacy groups, and the general public. The US Federal Election Commission approved new voting system standards designed to ensure that election equipment certified for purchase by participating states would be accurate, reliable, and dependable.     

The real risk of digital voting?

Many computer scientists have expressed their concern with the security of digital voting machines, especially their lack of a voter-verifiable audit trail. These risks pose real threats that we must resolve. To understand what system checks and balances are possible, we need to examine the entire voting process, not just the technology - even though, let's face it, the technology is woefully flawed at this point. An election has essentially three phases: registration, voting, and tallying. The risks of human manipulation of the system are highest in the first two phases, and the risks of digital manipulation are highest in the last two.     

中小型会议无线选票系统的设计与实现

传统的会议选票系统大部分都是基于RS232总线或者CAN总线的结构,这种总线结构限制了与会人的空间自由,而且整个选票系统的布线复杂,硬件成本高,系统扩展、升级和维护比较困难。论文介绍了基于高速率无线数传模块PTR2000的无线选票系统的设计与实现,该系统克服了传统的会议选票系统的缺点,具有系统扩展、维护、升级简单等特点。     

基于角色权限的投票测评系统的设计与实现

一般的投票测评系统都没有角色权限功能,不符合学校的实际情况。本文介绍了带有角色权限的投票测评系统的设计与实现,并着重阐述了角色权限功能的设计以及在测评过程中可能出现的问题。     

航空发动机数控系统余度管理方法研究

传感器作为测量元件在航空发动机控制系统中具有举足轻重的作用,传感器信号的准确性直接影响到航空发动机控制系统的安全稳定工作。因此,应建立航空发动机控制系统传感器故障检测、隔离和重构系统,从而提高发动机控制系统的可靠性。对航空发动机控制系统的传感器解析余度算法进行了深入研究,提出了平均值表决算法、权重法表决算法、大值表决算法和小值表决算法共4类解析余度算法。其中,平均值表决算法和权重法表决算法最接近真实值,大值表决算法可确保安全,小值表决算法因无法确保安全故应用较少。根据项目实际需要,将这4类算法应用于数控系统余度管理方面,结果表明这4类算法均有效,并在各自领域发挥了重要作用。在MATLAB下的Simulink建立了相关装置的数学模型并进行了数字仿真,所设计的余度管理算法已经应用于实际项目中,对保证发动机的安全性和可靠性具有重要意义。     

Optimistic voting for managing replicated data

An epidemic model gives and efficient approach for transaction processing of replication systems in weakly connected environments.The approach has the advantages of high adaptation,support for low-handwidth network,and committing updates in an entirely decentralized control fachion.But the previous impolementing protocols,like ROWA protocol,quorum protocol,and voting protocol,have a common shortcoming that they are pessimistic in conflict reconciliation,therefore bring high transaction abort rate and reduce system performance dramatically when the workload scales up.In this paper,an optimistic voting protocol,which introduces condition vote and order vote in the voting process of transactions,is proposed.The condition vote and order vote postpone the final decision on conflicting transactions and avoid transaction aborts that are incurred by read-wr5ite and write-write conflicts.Experimental results indicate that the optimistic voting protocol decreases abort rate and improves average response time of transactions markedly when compared to other protocols.     

Listed companies’ financial distress prediction based on weighted majority voting combination of multiple classifiers

How to effectively predict financial distress is an important problem in corporate financial management. Though much attention has been paid to financial distress prediction methods based on single classifier, its limitation of uncertainty and benefit of multiple classifier combination for financial distress prediction has also been neglected. This paper puts forward a financial distress prediction method based on weighted majority voting combination of multiple classifiers. The framework of multiple classifier combination system, model of weighted majority voting combination, basic classifiers’ voting weight model and basic classifiers’ selection principles are discussed in detail. Empirical experiment with Chinese listed companies’ real world data indicates that this method can greatly improve the average prediction accuracy and stability, and it is more suitable for financial distress prediction than single classifiers.     

Edge-preserving color image denoising through tensor voting

This paper presents a new method for edge-preserving color image denoising based on the tensor voting framework, a robust perceptual grouping technique used to extract salient information from noisy data. The tensor voting framework is adapted to encode color information through tensors in order to propagate them in a neighborhood by using a specific voting process. This voting process is specifically designed for edge-preserving color image denoising by taking into account perceptual color differences, region uniformity and edginess according to a set of intuitive perceptual criteria. Perceptual color differences are estimated by means of an optimized version of the CIEDE2000 formula, while uniformity and edginess are estimated by means of saliency maps obtained from the tensor voting process. Measurements of removed noise, edge preservation and undesirable introduced artifacts, additionally to visual inspection, show that the proposed method has a better performance than the state-of-the-art image denoising algorithms for images contaminated with CCD camera noise.     

Is there a future for Internet voting?

Technology has long been used in the process of voting, and the use of electronic machines was introduced in the United States of America in the 1970s. More recently, vendors have encouraged the use of remote electronic voting methods, and politicians have begun to consider such options, including the use of the Internet, telephone, text messaging and interactive digital television. This paper considers some of the practical and security issues that affect remote electronic voting.     

BallotShare: An exploration of the design space for digital voting in the workplace

Digital voting is used to support group decision-making in a variety of contexts ranging from politics to mundane everyday collaboration, and the rise in popularity of digital voting has provided an opportunity to re-envision voting as a social tool that better serves democracy. A key design goal for any group decision-making system is the promotion of participation, yet there is little research that explores how the features of digital voting systems themselves can be shaped to configure participation appropriately. In this paper we propose a framework that explores the design space of digital voting from the perspective of participation. We ground our discussion in the design of a social media polling tool called BallotShare; a first instantiation of our proposed framework designed to facilitate the study of decision-making practices in a workplace environment. Across five weeks, participants created and took part in non-standard polls relating to events and other spontaneous group decisions. Following interviews with participants we identified significant drivers and limitations of individual and collective participation in the voting process: social visibility, social inclusion, commitment and delegation, accountability, influence and privacy.