Selecting a retrofitting profile for the TGME-444 boiler at the Rostov TETs-2 cogeneration station

Hydraulic misalignments in the steam superheating surfaces and possible changes in the thermal circuit of a TGME-444 boiler are analyzed, and the retrofitting version of this boiler that was drawn up from the results of this analysis and implemented at the Rostov TETs-2 cogeneration station in 2007 is presented. The improvement in the operational reliability of the retrofitted boiler is demonstrated.     

Estimating the efficiency of the vacuum deaerators used for treating network water at the Samara cogeneration station and their modernization

Results from experimental studies on analyzing the operating conditions of the vacuum deaerators used to treat makeup water for the heat supply network connected to the Samara cogeneration station are presented. Proposals for improving the design of the DB-800 deaerator No. 5 at the Samara cogeneration station were worked out, its retrofitting was completed, and thermal tests were carried out.     

Peculiarities of the distribution of impurities in the TGM-96 drum boilers at the TETs-23 cogeneration station under steady and transient operating conditions

We present the results from retrofitting the scheme for staged evaporation in the TGM-96 drum boilers at OAO Mosenergo’s TETs-23 cogeneration station using the technology of external cyclones for improving the quality indicators of boiler water. We also propose a computer program for calculating the distribution of impurities in boiler water, the overflow of water between compartments, and the concentration of impurities in each compartment.     

Optimizing the operating conditions of cogeneration stations in designing them

Typical problems related to optimizing the operating conditions of cogeneration power stations that can be solved when a power station is designed, operating, and subjected to modernization and retrofitting are considered. A procedure for solving these problems is described.     

Technical solutions on retrofitting TPP-210A boilers for firing low-grade coals with low reaction capacity

Results from development of a conceptual project for retrofitting TPP-210A boilers worked out by specialists of EMAlliance are described. Operation of the TPP-210A boilers installed at the Tripolskaya thermal power station is subjected to a comprehensive analysis. The existing difficulties connected with firing anthracite culm are considered. Two boiler retrofitting versions involving the use of a regenerative or tubular air heater are proposed. The advantages of the retrofitting version involving installation of a tubular air heater are described.     

劣质烟煤锅炉掺烧褐煤制粉系统的改造

针对浑江发电公司1 025t/h劣质烟煤锅炉大比例掺烧褐煤产生的问题,在制粉系统增设了中温烟气惰化与干燥系统,在热风送粉系统增设调温风系统,在粉仓增设充氮气系统,将双通道煤粉燃烧器改为水平浓淡燃烧器。改造后掺烧50%褐煤锅炉运行安全稳定,每年可节约燃料费5 368万元,经济效益显著。     

A study of the mechanism through which nitrogen oxides are generated in boiler furnaces during staged combustion of gas

Brief results from investigations into staged combustion of natural gas performed on different boilers are presented. The experiments were carried out on the BM-35RF and BG-35 boilers at the Kislovodsk cogeneration station, the BGM-35 boiler No. 5 at the Tol’yattiazot Production Association, and the BG-35R boilers at the Karbolit Production Association in the town of Orekhovo-Zuevo (all having similar designs), as well as on the retrofitted PTVM-30M (KVGM-30) boiler installed at Department No. 40 of the Kuibyshevazot Enterprise.     

Investigation of a P-96 heat-recovery boiler used as part of the PGU-450T power unit at the Kaliningrad TETs-2 cogeneration station in the course of perfecting the starting and shutdown operations and during running with base loads

Results from operational tests carried out on the pilot P-96 heat-recovery boiler of the PGU-450T power unit at the Kaliningrad TETs-2 cogeneration station are presented. Technologies of starting and shutting down the boiler from different thermal states and peculiarities of its operating conditions in the load controlled range are considered. Specific features pertinent to the operation of a horizontal heat-recovery boiler with natural circulation of working medium in the evaporation heating surfaces are established.     

Technical refitting of cogeneration stations on the basis of combined-cycle technologies with the use of a parallel scheme

Results from analyzing different versions of combined-cycle toppings that can be used for technically refitting the TETs-23 cogeneration station are presented. Changes in the operating conditions of the turbine and boiler are investigated, thermal schemes are developed, and questions concerning the placement of new equipment on the old site are considered. An approach to evaluating the effect from refitting the cogeneration station is proposed that uses parameters calculated per unit of the additional power obtained during the refitting.     

最小资源分配网络及其在电站锅炉中的应用

燃煤电站锅炉内NOx的生成规律非常复杂,与锅炉的燃煤、送风方式、燃烧器等许多运行参数和结构有关.人工神经网络具有联想、记忆、自适应、自学习、适于处理非线性问题等优点.该文采用基于RBF网络的最小资源分配网络(MRAN)对某电站锅炉NOx的生成规律和效率进行建模,该模型不仅能自动调节隐节点数、学习速度快、学习精度高、适于在线运行,而且具有能同时预测NOx排放和锅炉效率等优点.该模型对电站锅炉的运行具有指导意义和参考价值.     

一种减少烧高硫燃料带来SO2污染的重要途径--用循环流化床燃烧技术改造旧锅炉

用循环流化床燃烧技术改造旧锅炉，烧高硫燃料，在国内外得到了很好的发展。章总结了国内外用循环流化床燃烧技术改造旧锅炉，烧高硫燃料的一些典型示范工程。这些示范工程的成功经验证实：旧锅炉改循环流化床燃烧锅炉烧高硫燃料，是减少SO2污染的重要途径之一，是切实可行的。     

MPS中速磨煤机旋转式煤粉分离器的改造及应用

煤粉分离器是影响磨煤机性能、锅炉燃烧效率及污染物排放的重要部件之一。介绍国际上M PS中速磨煤机煤粉分离器的发展及应用,对静态挡板式煤粉分离器的运行原理进行分析,说明其优缺点;论述当前国际上最先进煤粉分离器的代表——美国B&W公司第2代DSVSTM型旋转式煤粉分离器的原理、结构特性及优点。针对扬州第二发电有限责任公司M PS89G型磨煤机采用的静态挡板式煤粉分离器存在煤粉细度调节不便等缺点,分析将其中一台改造为动态旋转式煤粉分离器的可行性,并介绍改造方案,实际运行证明改造后的磨煤机在煤粉细度调节性能等方面得到提高。应在MPS及其它类型中速磨煤机上采用旋转式煤粉分离器。     

Numerical investigation of a pulverized-coal startup vortex burner

The design of a two-channel vortex pulverized-coal startup burner is proposed, in which fuel-air mixture is admitted through the burner’s primary channel. Necessary and sufficient conditions for obtaining stable ignition of pulverized coal during operation of this burner are formulated. A procedure of using the Fluent software system for numerically studying the influence of fuel characteristics and operating parameters on the stability of flame ignition and formation is developed. The results of numerical investigations aimed at determining the effect the flowrate of a mixture of mechanically activated micropowdered coal with air has on the combustion process for a particular design of the startup burner installed in the central part of the main direct-flow round burner used in the PK-40-1 boiler at the Belovo district power station are presented. A conclusion is drawn from these results regarding the extent to which the flowrate of mixture affects the performance of this startup burner.     

常规CFB锅炉局部富氧燃烧改造研究

为探索将富氧燃烧技术应用于常规CFB锅炉的新洁净煤发电技术,以博茨瓦纳某燃煤电站带FBHE的CFB锅炉为研究模型,首先提出了模型二次风富氧燃烧局部改造方案,构建了CFB锅炉局部富氧燃烧系统图,富氧二次风的氧浓度应在25％～30％;其次提出了模型改造后的燃烧调整方式,除了富氧二次风流量,所有供风参数均采用原有的负荷曲线,并通过返料器下游的锥形阀来控制炉膛温度;最后提出了模型改造后富氧二次风流量负荷曲线的修正方法.     

A mini cogeneration station constructed on the basis of a inverted gasifier

The basic process circuit of a mini cogeneration station constructed on the basis of an internal combustion engine and a inverted gasifier operating on coal fuel is developed. The optimal mode of gasifier operation for obtaining gasification products with the maximal heating value is selected. An experimental check of gasifier operation is carried out.     

并列运行轴流风机失速原因分析与处理

对某电厂5号锅炉送风机和一次风机失速问题进行了分析.通过试验和检查,发现造成送风机失速的主要原因是风机出口导叶安装反向;造成一次风机失速的主要原因是磨煤机通风阻力过大和出口温度过高.改进后,送风机和一次风机未发生过失速.     

Expedient arrangement of newly constructed systems for centralized heat supply

It is shown that for newly constructed combined-cycle cogeneration plants and nuclear cogeneration plants, the optimum arrangement of the centralized heat supply system is the combination of a cogeneration plant and a district heat-supply station (a boiler house).     

Mastering the pilot domestic binary combined-cycle plants

Results are presented from mastering the pilot binary combined-cycle plants of Type PGU-450T (installed at the Severo-Zapadnaya TETs cogeneration station) and Type PGU-39 (installed at the Sochi thermal power station), both currently in commercial operation.     

400t／h—50410A型燃油炉改燃煤炉可行性分析

通过对400t/h-50410A型锅炉本体,外围设施容量,选型及布置,改造费用与燃料差价等方面的技术分析及经济比较,认为将其改造为燃煤炉是可行的,同时,对煤种结焦特性,炉膛热负荷强度,尾部气流冲刷,燃油与燃煤的SO2排放等方面进行分析,炉膛结焦,燃油转成燃煤。     

电站锅炉尾部烟气余热回收与梯级利用系统特性分析

燃煤电站锅炉实际运行排烟温度一般在130~150 ℃,进一步回收烟气余热有利于降低发电煤耗,减少污染物排放。针对电站锅炉尾部不同位置烟气参数不同的情况,设计了安装在空气预热器后及湿法脱硫装置后的两级热交换器余热回收系统,并结合330 MW燃煤电站锅炉,分析了不同负荷下,两级热交换器的换热量、冷凝水量、两侧介质静压差及发电标准煤耗降低值的变化情况,同时监测了二级热交换器前后烟气中固体颗粒物含量。结果表明：一级热交换器的换热量明显高于二级热交换器,烟气中水分主要在二级热交换器冷凝;标准煤耗降低值高达3.09 g/（kW·h）;同时烟气经过二级热交换器后固体颗粒物含量明显降低。为燃煤电站锅炉尾部烟气余热回收利用提供了参考。