Keyframe-based recognition and localization during video-rate parallel tracking and mapping

Generating situational awareness by augmenting live imagery with collocated scene information has applications from game-playing to military command and control. We propose a method of object recognition, reconstruction, and localization using triangulation of SIFT features from keyframe camera poses in a 3D map. The map and keyframe poses themselves are recovered at video-rate by bundle adjustment of FAST image features in the parallel tracking and mapping algorithm. Detected objects are automatically labeled on the user's display using predefined annotations. Experimental results are given for laboratory scenes, and in more realistic applications.     

珠江委网络安全态势感知平台设计与应用

为进一步提升珠江委网络安全防护水平,打造全天候主动防御的网络安全防护体系,梳理当前珠江委网络安全防护的短板,从自动告警、攻击行为重塑、脆弱性分析等方面分析态势感知平台功能需求,依托数据融合、事件关联、态势预测等态势感知关键技术,设计一种符合珠江委网络安全防护需求的态势感知平台。平台架构设计为数据采集、存储分析、核心业务和 BI 展示 4 个层次,主要实现资产管理、风险感知、预警管理和安全态势信息专题展示等功能。基于网络安全态势感知平台,珠江委基本形成事先梳理、风险感知、安全监测、事件分析、事件处置的主动防御体系,安全监测和主动防御能力明显提升,重要信息系统防护均未失陷, 取得较好的应用效果。     

战术数据链系统分层参考模型

美军提出了全球信息网格(GIG)建设规划，将战术数据链融入GIG体系是未来发展的必然趋势。该文参照GIG体系结构的核心，提出了一种能使战术数据链系统“无缝”融入GIG体系的战术数据链参考模型——TDLRM，以link-16为例说明了参考模型各层之间的交互关系，为我军一体化数据链建设提供参考。     

无线Ad hoc网络组播协议的分析与军事应用

无线Ad hoc网络体系结构的特点使得该网络特别适宜军事战术通信，而无线Ad hoc网络的组播协议则是实现战术前沿态势感知(Situation Awareness-SA)和指挥控制(Command ＆ Control-C2)数据分发的有效手段。该文基于Ad hoc网络的军事应用背景，系统地分析和比较了多种无线Ad hoc网络组播协议，提出了军用战术Ad hoc网络组播协议设计的若干思考和一般原则。     

Interactive displays in tactical command and control

The tactical command and control systems environment has evolved to the state such that for any non-trivial scenario that can be postulated by mission analysts, the tactical commander will most likely become saturated by the sheer magnitude of the data and the options which can be made available to him. This situation prevails equally for all platforms—air, subsurface, surface and shore. Providing the tactical commander with the information he needs in a form which enhances his comprehension and facilitates his ability to make decisions in a timely and effective manner is the most important problem facing the command and control system architect and designer. It is universally agreed that the man-machine interaction in command and control is the critical parameter to be optimized. The ability of the command and control operator to interact directly with the tactical data base represents the single most important design requirement to achieve this optimization. With such a capability, an operator aided by an interactive display can access all elements of the tactical data base, can query the system to provide and display up-dated information on any aspect of the tactical environment, can evaluate a priori the probabilistic outcomes of choices of actions which are available and can modify easily the form of the information presented to concentrate on those parameters of greatest interest or concern. This is consistent with forecasts of command and control needs over the next decade which unanimously point to increased reliance on interactive processing and display to facilitate on-line, real-time data management and display, decision-making, data entry and reduction, simulation, resource allocation and deployment and overall force coordination and management.Trends in display technology and in the technologies supporting man-machine interactions point to increasing capabilities for interactive tactical display systems. Improved display devices, better engineered keyboards, light pens, track balls, etc., voice entry techniques, “smart” terminals with processing performed at the display and better hard-copy output represent major technological thrusts which support the projected needs of the tactical command and control system user. These developments range from hand-held interactive display terminals which could be used in the field by individual elements of the Army or Marine Corps to group viewing displays for application on shore or on platforms such as aircraft carriers. This paper describes some of these new directions in display technology with a view toward their expected impact upon the design and operational capability of tactical command and control systems.     

基于移动Agent的战术Ad hoc网络通信中间件设计

提出了一个基于移动Agent的战术Adhoe网络通信中间件,用于战场资源分配和信息传输.将OLSR路由协议整合到中间件系统以支持战术Adhoc网络的快速高效寻址.设计了移动Agent在资源协调分配和网络连接中的迁移和工作机制.该中间件能够在战术Ad hoc网络拓扑结构动态变化的情况下,有效地解决通信失效和资源分配最优化问题.     

基于大数据的网络安全态势感知及主动防御技术研究与应用

针对电力信息系统网络安全态势感知及主动防御问题,介绍了网络安全态势感知相关概念及技术。为了监控网络安全态势,研究了利用大数据分析技术开展基于多源日志的网络安全态势感知,提出了态势感知平台部署架构及主动防御模型思想,并将其技术应用于某电力公司网络信息系统环境。通过在公司内外网网络出口部署全流量数据采集分析器,对原始网络流量进行实时采集和存储,并借助大数据可视化分析工具与丰富的数据展示组件,实现对分析结果的多维度图形化直观展现。经实验测试实现了攻击事件及安全态势的实时监控预警,保障了公司信息系统的安全稳定运行。     

基于信息融合的网络安全态势评估模型

安全态势评估是近年来国内外在网络安全领域的研究热点之一.对已有的安全态势评估方法进行了详细分析和比较,针对网络安全中多数据源的特点,提出基于信息融合的网络安全态势评估模型,引入改进的D-S证据理论将多数据源信息进行融合,利用漏洞信息和服务信息,经过态势要素融合和节点态势融合计算网络安全态势,绘制安全态势曲线图,同时对态势计算结果进行时间序列分析,从而实现网络安全趋势的预测.最后利用网络实例数据,对所提出的网络安全态势评估模型和算法进行了验证,结果表明该模型比已有成果更加有效和准确.     

Cognitive Automation for Tactical Mission Management: Concept and Prototype Evaluation in Flight Simulator Trials

This paper describes an approach to cognitive and cooperative operator assistance in the field of tactical flight mission management. A framework for a generic functional concept is derived from general considerations of human performance and cognitive engineering. A system built according to these human-centred design principles will be able to keep up with the change of situation parameters, in order to provide situational adapted operator assistance. Such a cognitive assistant system represents an approach to ensure the highest degree possible of situation awareness of the flight deck crew as well as a satisfactory workload level. This generic approach to mission management and crew assistance for military aircraft has been realised in different application domains such as military transport and air-to-ground attack. The Crew Assistant Military Aircraft is a functional prototype for the air transport application. Even applications in the domain of uninhabited aerial vehicles (UAV) are in reach. This paper mainly covers one state-of-the-art research and development activity in the domain of combat aircraft: the TMM – Tactical Mission Management System is an experimental solution for the air-to-ground attack role. The TMM has been implemented as a functional prototype in the mission avionics experimental cockpit (MAXC), a development flight simulator at ESG and evaluated with German Air Force pilots as subjects in simulator trials. Therefore, the TMM has been compared with a reference cockpit avionics configuration in terms of task performance, workload, situation awareness and operator acceptance. After giving an overview of the system concepts this paper reports on the experimental design and results of the simulator trial campaign.     

Mathematical model of IRIS replication mechanism for the simulation of tactical networks

The Multilateral Interoperability Programme (MIP) was established to promote more successful and better harmonized operational functions for international peace-keeping forces. The C2IEDM/JC3IEDM (Command and Control Information Exchange Data Model) ensures the interconnection of Command and Control Information Systems (C2ISs) throughout all levels, from the corps down to the lower ranks. The usability of C2ISs highly correlates with the capacities of data information carriers, and the need is growing for greater capacity and reliability of transmission media and cryptographic message security. Simulation of tactical networks is an important task in planning military missions. Such methodologies assure a higher probability of success during critical tactical operations. This article focuses on a new radio network modeling method for the C2IS, which is verified by the OPNET simulation environment. This modeling method can be used in tactical radio network planning and optimization processes.     

Wearable vibrotactile systems for virtual contact and information display

This paper presents a development history of a wearable, scalable vibrotactile stimulus delivery system. This history has followed a path from desktop-based, fully wired systems, through hybrid approaches consisting of a wireless connection from the host computer to a body-worn control box and wires to each tactor, to a completely wireless system employing Bluetooth technology to connect directly from the host to each individual tactor unit. Applications for such a system include delivering vibrotactile contact cues to users of virtual environments, providing directional cues in order to increase situational awareness in both real and virtual environments, and for general information display in wearable contexts. Through empirical study, we show that even a simple configuration, such as eight tactors arrayed around the torso, can be effective in increasing situational awareness in a building-clearing task, compared to users who perform the same task without the added cues.     

一种松耦合网络安全态势感知模型

提出一个基于Kaplan-Meier生存性分析的松耦合网络安全态势评估模型,用于对网络的历史安全状态进行评估以及对未来安全趋势进行预测。采用生存性分析理论实现多源数据融合与态势评估方法的松耦合,利用KDD99评估数据集建立包含多种节点的网络安全态势评估实例进行仿真分析,以阐明该模型在适应网络结构以及多源数据动态变化方面的优势,在此基础上绘制安全态势曲线图,并与历史安全趋势进行比较,结果证明该评估模型具有较高的准确性与较强的适用性。     

基于Mashup的用户自定义空间态势可视化表达

当前空间态势可视化方案不能根据快速变化的数据和任务要求实现用户自定义表达。在Web应用领域,Mashup能够将多个不同来源的支持Web API的应用按照一定的模式进行糅合,产生新的Web应用,并利用从外部数据源检索到的内容来创建全新的服务。基于Mashup技术,设计用户自定义的空间态势可视化表达,实现内部Widget之间的数据交互;实现三维和二维态势信息可视化Widget,并能够同步显示空间态势信息;通过网络图层管理进行态势信息的显示管理,实现事件的订阅与发布。实验结果表明,基于Mashup技术的用户自定义空间态势可视化表达能够适应快速变化的任务和数据需求。     

基于GIS的战术级地面防空群指控系统

结合战术级地面防空群指挥控制系统的需求背景，提出了基于GIS软件平台的指挥控制系统设计方案。该方案可以充分实现地理信息与指控决策的有效结合，在旅级指控系统中已获得成功应用。可大大提高参谋与指挥人员制定作战方案能力和效率，实现对瞬间战情作出动态响应，有效掌握战场的主动权。     

Visual correlation of network alerts

The VisAlert visual correlation tool facilitates situational awareness in complex network environments by providing a holistic view of network security to help detect malicious activities. Information visualization techniques and methods in many applications have effectively increased operators' situational awareness, letting them more effectively detect, diagnose, and treat anomalous conditions. Visualization elevates information comprehension by fostering rapid correlation and perceived associations. Our visualization technique integrates the information in log and alert files into an intuitive, flexible, extensible, and scalable visualization tool - VisAlert - that presents critical information concerning network activity in an integrated manner, increasing the user's situational awareness.     

Interactive middleware architecture for lifelog based context awareness

Due to the development of IT convergence, a wide variety of information is being produced and distributed rapidly in digital form. Lifelog based context awareness is a technology that provides a service automatically based on perceived situational information in ubiquitous environments. To offer customized services to users, the technology of acquiring lifelog based context information in real time is the most important consideration. We propose the interactive middleware architecture for lifelog based context awareness in distributed and ubiquitous environments. Conventional middleware to support ubiquitous environments stores and manages the situational information and service content acquired by centralized storage or a DBMS. Centralized situational information and service content management may impede the autonomy of mobile nodes and the interoperation between different middle software. The proposed method designs a system that can distribute and manage situational information in mobile nodes using mobile devices in distributed and ubiquitous environments and share the service content between interactive middleware through publication. The application system designed in this study was used in a scenario providing situational perception based mobile service and proved to be useful.     

数据链J系列消息研究

J系列消息标准是美军战术数据链J所采用的固定格式消息标准,是美军战术数据链J的主要消息形式。本文研究了美军各种主流战术数据链及其消息标准,分析了J系列消息的数据结构、元素字典,在此基础上提出了J系列消息的验证测试方法。     

The cognitive benefits of dynamic representations in the acquisition of spatial navigation skills

A representational theory of the mind suggests that human experiences and activities are underpinned by mental representations. This abstract task representation paradigm may explain a cognitive benefit of dynamic instructional visualisations over static alternative in the acquisition of novel procedural motor skills. In this sequel work, we explore and extend this view through empirical investigations of novel skill acquisitions in a separate but related domain of spatial navigation. We compare the post-learning virtual maze navigational performance of sixty novel learners across two groups. After controlling for spatial orientation ability and prior video gaming experience, participants that learned the task using dynamic instructional visualisations recorded significantly better performance measures than those in the static group. Additionally, within-group comparisons also show that the beneficial advantage of dynamic instructional visualisations over statics remained consistent across different task complexities. These findings provide further evidence to support the view that dynamic instructional visualisations afford more efficient transfer of novel procedural skills through computer based training than static visualisations. This has implications for instructional design especially when rapid novel situational awareness is desired such as in briefings for emergency firefighting or tactical military operations.     

Ecological Interfaces for Improving Mobile Robot Teleoperation

Navigation is an essential element of many remote robot operations including search and rescue, reconnaissance, and space exploration. Previous reports on using remote mobile robots suggest that navigation is difficult due to poor situation awareness. It has been recommended by experts in human-robot interaction that interfaces between humans and robots provide more spatial information and better situational context in order to improve an operator's situation awareness. This paper presents an ecological interface paradigm that combines video, map, and robot-pose information into a 3-D mixed-reality display. The ecological paradigm is validated in planar worlds by comparing it against the standard interface paradigm in a series of simulated and real-world user studies. Based on the experiment results, observations in the literature, and working hypotheses, we present a series of principles for presenting information to an operator of a remote robot.