Corrélation spectrale théorique des modulations CPM partie I : résultat analytique pour les modulations cpfsk à 2 états (1-rec)

All modulated signals used in digital communication activities are cyclostationary, because their autocorrela tion function contains some temporal periodicities known as cyclic periods. In the frequency domain, their spectral components are correlated every time they are spaced apart by the inverse of a cyclic period, called a cyclic frequency. A number of signal processing algorithms applied to telecommunications can take advantage of the spectral correlation of the signals to be considered (detection, equalisation, source separation,). Furthermore, the knowledge of the theoretical expression of the spectral correlation of the signal to be received is often necessary in order to derive the optimal processing. The theoretical spectral correlation of modulated signals has already been the subject of some publications. However, until now there was no comprehensive reference concerning the large family of continuous phase modulations (cpm). The aim of this two-part paper is to give the theoretical expression of the spectral correlation for binary cpm signals. The first part is devoted to the study of rectangular, full-response binary cpm modulations, also called continuous phase frequency shift keying modulations (cpfsk). It gives the exact analytical expression for their spectral correlation. The second part presents a simple computation method valid for the whole class of binary cpm modulations. This method requires only the computation of some double numerical integrations over finite intervals.     

具有旋转部件雷达目标ISAR成像新方法

分析了具有旋转部件的运动目标回波信号的特点,提出了以单频信号和正弦调频信号为原子的双信号集匹配分解法。利用该算法,可以从含有单频分量和正弦调频分量的信号中检测出单频分量和正弦调频分量及其参数。将其应用于具有旋转部件目标的ISAR成像和微多普勒特征提取中,可以分离目标主体的回波分量和旋转部件回波分量,从而获得聚焦清晰的目标主体像并提取旋转部件特征。最后,仿真结果验证了该算法的有效性。     

基于谱线特征的调制方式自动识别方法

研究了基于谱线特征的通信信号调制方式自动识别方法,从信号的功率谱、二次方谱、四次方谱及包络平方谱中,提取出一组鲁棒性强的特征参数。在不需要先验知识的情况下,对卫星通信中常用的调制信号进行了自动识别。仿真结果表明,在信噪比大于5 dB时,总体识别率能达到97%以上,方案具有很强的实用性。     

Nonlinear characterization of concurrent dual-band RF power amplifiers

In this paper, the synchronous concurrent dual-band RF signal is used to drive the RF Power Amplifier (PA). The nonlinear characterization of a concurrent dual-band RF PA is discussed while two band signals in the dual-band are modulated by CDMA2000 and WCDMA signals. When the two band signals in the dual-band of the PA are modulated with the same signals, it is found that the nonlinearity of the PA can be expressed by any of the two corresponding baseband data. On the other hand, when the two band signals in the dual-band of the PA are modulated with two different signals, the PA nonlinearity cannot be characterized by any of the two corresponding baseband data. In this case, its nonlinearity has to be denoted by a composite signals consisting of the two baseband signals. Consequently, the requirements for the speed of the A/D converter can be largely reduced. The experimental results with CDMA2000 and WCDMA signals demonstrate the speed of the A/D converter required is only 30 M Sample Per Second (SaPS), but it will be at least 70 M SaPS for the conventional method.     

同频段混合信号中的无人机信号盲检测识别

无人机信号的探测识别技术是应对无人机黑飞滥用的关键技术之一。在实际信号监测环境中，经常会接收到多个信号的混合信号，它们在时域和频域上混叠且各信号分量调制样式相同。为解决在同频段混合信号中检测识别出无人机信号的问题，提出了一种通过谱特征分析判断无人机信号存在性的方法。分别采用基于二次方谱特征的无人机图传和WiFi混合信号检测识别算法以及基于频谱带宽特征的多无人机混合信号检测识别算法，通过对射频电路采集的信号进行仿真验证，实现了从同频段混合信号中检测识别出无人机信号分量。理论分析和实验测试结果证实了所提检测识别算法的有效性。     

动态出现和/或消失时频信号的模型和分析

针对动态出现和/或消失的时频信号,本文提出了一种时频模型和分析方法.该模型以时频信号各分量的幅度和相位为状态变量,并利用多项式预测模型为它们建立起状态方程,再视多分量混合时频信号的观测为测量方程,这就为多分量时频信号建立了状态空间模型.为了应对时频信号分量动态出现和/或消失的情况,本文利用非参数迭代自适应谱估计方法对时间加窗的信号进行分析,得到该时间窗内的短时谱,以该短时谱中噪声谱的3倍标准差准则来确定信号分量的数目.由此,基于提出的模型,就可利用无迹卡尔曼滤波算法来分析动态出现和/或消失的时频信号.分析和仿真均表明：提出方法无论在精确度、分辨率以及交叉时频谱分离等方面均优于文献报道的方法.     

常规调制信号与扩频信号的调制识别算法

由于直扩信号（Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum, DSSS）通常淹没在噪声中,为了有效地识别直扩信号、跳频信号（Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum, FHSS）和常规调制信号,提出基于瞬时特征和高阶累积量的识别算法。首先推导证明了FM、MFSK、MPSK、DSSS、FHSS信号的归一化四阶累积量切片 是相同的,并推导得到AM和MQAM的 通用公式。然后,利用归一化四阶累积量切片 特征参数检测噪声中通信信号,利用占用带宽特征参数将信号分为扩频信号和常规调制通信信号两类;最后利用瞬时特征参数和高阶累积量特征参数,分别识别扩频信号和5种常规调制通信信号。仿真结果表明,当信噪比高于1dB时,该算法对上述7种信号的正确识别率可达到100%。      

Specifying receiver IP2 and IP3 based on tolerance to modulated blockers

This paper provides an analysis of the impact of amplitude modulated blocking signals on receiver performance due to device nonlinearity. Using a standard polynomial model of nonlinearity, we derive limitations on the receiver SNR capabilities, depending on the blocking signal modulation statistical properties. The phenomena that we focus on are cross-modulation due to odd-order nonlinearity and amplitude demodulation due to even-order nonlinearity. The results are then detailed for two types of blocking signal modulations: GSM/EDGE modified 8PSK and UTRA/FDD uplink HPSK.     

宽带压缩感知信号源个数估计算法

基于压缩感知的信号采集系统是目前宽带信号采集的重要发展方向,将其应用于通信侦查或频谱监测等宽带接收任务时,接收信号实际是处于宽带范围内的多个时域重叠的窄带信号,此时多分量压缩感知信号中的信源个数是后续信号处理的关键。本文针对调制信号在双频率平面具有稀疏性和可区分性,提出一种基于重构稀疏循环谱特征的信源个数估计算法。算法以重构误差的变化率作为迭代终止条件,应用改进的正交匹配追踪算法重构混合信号的循环谱,并应用循环谱的对称性实现信源个数估计。仿真表明,算法在-12dB条件下,信源个数估计准确率可以达到99%。      

基于谱相关理论的信号识别算法

采用了频域平滑周期图法估计循环谱,选取信号的Sx^＋（0）截面谱中谱峰个数为特征,提出了一种调制信号识别算法,给出了信号识别流程图及步骤,并进行了计算机仿真实验。仿真结果显示,该识别算法对这几种调制信号的识别具有较高的识别精度。     

Measurement of Pulsatile Blood Flow Velocity in Microvessels from Single Photometric Detector

A method for the in vivo detection of pulsatile blood velocity in transilluminated microvessels using data contained in single photometric signals is described. The system design is based on the assumption that pulsatile velocity information is contained in frequency- modulated components of the photometric signal spectrum. Results are in agreement with a previously reported cross-correlation technique utilized to measure the time delay between signals from upstream and downstream photodetectors aligned in the direction of flow.     

信号循环平稳特性及其应用

信号处理领域的很多时间序列都可以用循环平稳来建模，这是因为对信号的离散采样、扫描、调制、多址、编码以及物理现象固有的周期性都使信号呈现出周期性。循环平稳信号是一类非常重要的平稳信号，许多信号、干扰都表现出一定的循环平稳性，将信号的这种特性考虑在内的信号处理器，较之传统的信号处理器，可以得到性能上的提高。该文简要介绍了循环平稳信号的基本特性，主要介绍了该理论在各领域的具体应用。     

在微结构光纤中实现四进制向二进制的全光转换

提出并实验了一种基于高非线性色散平坦微结构光纤的四进制光信号向二进制光信号的全光转换方案。由于自相位调制(SPM)效应,不同峰值功率的ps光脉冲经过微结构光纤传输后可获得不同展宽程度的输出频谱。基于以上原理,通过滤波可将1路10Gb/s的四进制信号转化成3路不同波长的10Gb/s二进制信号,再将3路信号进行适当的时延和衰减,最后耦合成为1路20Gb/s的二进制信号,实验获得的转换信号消光比达到3.2dB。     

一种提高数模混合信号测试精度的算法

文中论述了一种提高数模混合信号测试（基于DSP信号处理）精度的算法（以下称旋转数据算法）,旋转数据算法是针对数模混合信号测试中异步采样的不连续性导致的频谱泄漏问题,而提出的消除频谱泄漏的算法。旋转数据算法的主要思想是：把数模混合电路的测试信号等效地看成由一个旋转向量在X轴上投影产生,当采样不连续时,采样数据经FFT变换...     

基于扩频的频谱水印嵌入与提取方法研究及实现

针对无线电系统身份识别问题,提出了一种基于扩频的频谱水印嵌入与提取方法,该方法中发射端首先选择一个码片速率高、码长长的扩频码来调制用于标识无线电系统身份的频谱水印信号,然后利用加性准则周期性地将其嵌入到无线电信号中。接收端首先将接收的中频信号分成 N 段,并对每段信号进行解扩和解调,最后利用 N 次解调结果实施综合融合判决来提取频谱水印。同时基于 USRP 平台构建了基于扩频的频谱水印嵌入与提取方法的验证系统,理论分析与实验验证结果表明：提出的方法能够在不对原始信号正常解调产生有害干扰的条件下,可有效提取频谱水印,具有较强的通用性和鲁棒性,为有效标识和识别无线电系统提供技术手段。     

Dynamic Behavior of Nonlinear Power Amplifiers in Stable and Injection-Locked Modes

Dynamic equations of reflection-type nonlinear power amplifiers in both stable and injection-locked modes are derived for modulated signals. The steady-state response and the transient response of an injection-locked negative-resistance diode ampfitier is evaluated. The response for an FM signal is discussed. Numerical results show that the dynamic behavior as well as the steady-state behavior is affected by nonlinearity of the diode conductance and susceptance.     

Atmospheric structure, transhorizon propagation, and their relationship to remote sensing

Previous papers suggest that the characteristics of atmospheric structure cannot be inferred unambiguously from transhorizon scatter measurements. It is shown that the form of the refractivity spectrum can be correctly inferred from appropriate beam-swinging measurements. One analysis includes contributions from both scattered and partially reflected components of the transhorizon signal, and shows how the characteristics of the angular response pattern of the received signal varies with changes in these components. Analytically derived patterns are compared with measured response patterns. The form of the refractivity spectrum inferred from the comparison is consistent with the form suggested from physical arguments and by the results of independent transhorizon experiments. Because the transhorizon signal includes scattered and partially reflected signals, remote-sensing techniques using transhorizon methods should employ both signal components to correctly derive atmospheric parameters. Finally, both of these signal components should be used for channel models that use adaptive algorithms to optimize the design of troposcatter communication networks.     

一种三维调制信号快速解调新方法

根据三维调制信号的特性,提出了一种新的三维调制信号的快速解调方法。该方法基于MUSIC算法,首先利用单次快拍来建立阵列数据的协方差矩阵,然后根据调制信号的先验信息对所得信号空间谱进行判决,来估计其极化辅角与极化相位角等信息,从而恢复出基带信号。分析与仿真结果表明,所提方法不仅可以避免谱搜索,大大降低MUSIC方法的运算量,而且适用于瞬时信号和快速运动信号的解调。     

基于等光频细分重采样的调频干涉测距方法

为了解决调频连续波(FMCW)激光器调制非线性导致的测量信号频谱展宽降低激光干涉测距精度的问题, 采用一种基于等光频细分重采样的调频干涉测距方法, 进行了理论分析和实验验证, 获得了双光路测距系统对不同位置目标信号等光频细分重采样后的波形数据, 并进行了频谱分析。结果表明, 通过等光频细分重采样的方法, 使用细分后的时钟信号点对距离大于辅助干涉光路光程差的目标测量信号进行重采样, 消除了激光器的调制非线性的影响, 并且避免了采样点数不足引起信号失真的问题; 在4.3m测量范围内, 等光频细分重采样测距系统与激光干涉仪相比最大残余误差不超过±18.46μm, 最大测量标准差为23.39μm; 该方法使用的辅助干涉光路光程差很短, 受环境的影响较小, 可以获得稳定的时钟信号, 并且可以减少双光路FMCW测距系统的体积与成本。该研究为长距离、高精度调频连续波测量提供了实用参考。     

Research on Properties of Devices for Shaping and Processing of Signals Based on Amplitude Modulation of Many Components

Devices for shaping and processing of signals based on known varieties of digital amplitude-phase modulation are considered. Their disadvantages are exposed during realization of modulation and demodulation of the signals that are characterized by non-rectangular signal constellations. There are explored properties of devices for shaping and processing of signals based on a new variety of signal modulation, namely amplitude modulation of many components (AMMC). The results of carried out researches show that advantages of proposed AMMC modulator are simplification of phase modulated or amplitude-phase modulated signal shaping, in particular AMMC signal shaping, and improve of modulator internal interference protection. Advantages of AMMC demodulator are simplification of phase modulated or amplitude-phase modulated signal processing, in particularAMMC signal processing, and improve of demodulator internal interference and zero drift protection at its practical realization. The proposed AMMC modulator and demodulator can be applied for shaping and processing of signals based on known and new varieties of amplitude-phase modulation.