影响环氧树脂604软化点和色泽的因素

介绍了环氧树脂６０４的合成过程，确定了最佳工艺条件：双酚Ａ：环氧氯丙烷：氢氧化钠（摩尔比）为１．０００：１．２１４：１．２１４，先在８５～９０℃反应１ｈ，再在９０～９５℃反应１ｈ；并对影响产品软化点和色泽的因素进行了探讨。     

双酚A型环氧树脂的合成

研究了环氧氯丙烷与双酚A在催化剂氢氧化钠的作用下合成双酚A型环氧树脂的方法。考察了环氧氯丙烷的纯度、氢氧化钠的质量、原料环氧氯丙烷与双酚A的配比等对产品色泽及可水解氯的影响,确定了双酚A型环氧树脂的优化工艺条件:n(双酚A)∶n(环氧氯丙烷)=5.0∶1.0,工艺简单易于生产。     

聚醚酰亚胺／环氧树脂共混物的相结构及制备环氧树脂微球的研究

采用共缩聚方法合成了一种新型聚醚酰亚胺（COPEI），通过改变它在COPEI／双酚A二缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂（E828）／二氨基二苯基砜（DDS）共混体系中的用量，考察了对共混体系的相结构以及对制备环氧树脂微球的影响。研究结果表明：加入COPEI树脂后，共混体系发生相分离，得到不同的相结构。当COPEI树脂含量在30％（质量）以上时，共混体系出现完全反转相结构，随着其含量增加，环氧树脂分散相尺寸逐渐减小，制得的环氧树脂微球粒径和粒度分布逐渐降低。红外光谱显示环氧树脂微球间的特征吸收峰以及与纯环氧树脂的特征吸收峰问都没有明显区别。DSC分析显示环氧树脂微球的玻璃化温度（Tg）略低于纯环氧树脂的Tg，而且随着COPEI用量增加，环氧树脂微球的Tg有降低的趋势。     

稀释剂的选择对环氧树脂性能的影响探究

研究了两种活性稀释剂丁基缩水甘油醚、C₁₂-C₁₄烷基缩水甘油醚的添加量对环氧树脂黏度、固化时间、吸水性、耐热性能的影响。实验结果表明：丁基缩水甘油醚和C₁₂-C₁₄烷基缩水甘油醚的加入，可以使环氧树脂黏度分别降低75%和73%,并且随着添加量的增大，黏度降低更明显。环氧树脂固化物的吸水率会随稀释剂的添加量增多呈现先增后降趋势，环氧树脂固化物的耐分解温度均有提升。     

J－91耐热性环氧化酚醛胶粘剂的研制

本文论述Ｊ－９１胶的性能以及环氧酚醛树脂、高活性环氧树脂、固化剂的影响．认为高活性环氧树脂对降低Ｊ－９１胶的固化温度，提高胶的耐热性是非常重要的．     

水性环氧树脂改性水泥砂浆力学性能及微观结构

通过对水泥砂浆中掺加水性环氧树脂,制备了水性环氧树脂改性水泥砂浆,研究了不同聚灰比下,水性环氧树脂对水泥砂浆水化和强度的影响.运用XRD、TG/DSC、SEM、FTIR微观测试手段,研究了水性环氧树脂对水泥砂浆水化产物的影响.研究结果表明:水性环氧树脂可形成聚合物膜会延迟水泥水化;水性环氧树脂的加入会降低水泥砂浆的抗压强度;当聚灰比在2％范围以内,水性环氧树脂可以提高水泥砂浆的抗折强度.     

改性氰酸酯树脂体系力学性能的研究

采用环氧树脂(E-51)与氰酸酯树脂共聚以改善氰酸酯树脂的韧性，研究了环氧树脂的加入量，后处理温度、湿热老化以及紫外光老化等条件对改性后树脂体系力学性能的影响规律，采用扫描电子显微镜对断口形貌进行了分析。结果表明环氧树脂可以明显改善氰酸酯树脂的韧性，环氧树脂含量为30％(质量百分数，下同)的体系的冲击强度和弯曲强度分别比改性前提高了100％和50％随环氧树脂用量的增加，改性树脂的冲击强度和弯曲强度提高，树脂表现为明显的韧性断裂；改性体系经2000℃、后处理2h的力学性能最佳；湿热老化和紫外光老化都使改性树脂体系的冲击强度和弯曲强度降低，而后者的影响较弱，当环氧树脂用量低于30％时冲击强度和弯曲强度的保持率均高于95％。     

降低双酚A型环氧树脂可水解氯含量方法的探讨

可水解氯含量是环氧树脂一个十分重要的特性指标，它同固化速度、无机氯、杂质离子含量等指标一样表征了环氧树脂的内在质量，它区别于环氧值（或环氧当量）、软化点、粘度等主要作为划分不同分子量环氧树脂规格的指标，因为可水解氯含量的高低直接影响环氧树脂的固化行为和固化产物的性能。因此在提高环氧树脂质量时，降低可水解氯含量的重要性是显而易见的。本文以典型的双酚A环氧树脂（DOEBPA）为例，对它形成的机理，降低可水解氯含量的工业化工艺路线的实验摸索作了初步探讨。     

环氧树脂对EPDM性能影响的研究

研究了环氧树脂用量对三元乙丙橡胶工艺性能和力学性能的影响,研究结果发现,环氧树脂对三元乙丙橡胶有增塑和增粘作用,影响了其硫化特性,并降低了三元乙丙橡胶硫化胶的力学强度.     

树脂基体中热塑性树脂含量对碳纤维环氧复合材料压缩性能的影响

制备了国产CCF800H碳纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料,通过调控环氧树脂中的热塑性树脂增韧剂含量,探索增韧剂含量对树脂浇注体拉伸弹性模量的影响规律,并进一步研究增韧剂含量对碳纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料纵向压缩性能的影响。结果表明,随着树脂基体中增韧剂含量的升高,环氧树脂浇注体拉伸弹性模量降低,其对应碳纤维增强复合材料单向层合板泊松比升高。增韧剂含量对单向复合材料压缩模量的影响不明显,但复合材料纵向压缩强度会随着增韧剂含量的升高而降低。     

A study of colour emotion and colour preference. Part III: Colour preference modeling

In this study three colour preference models for single colours were developed. The first model was developed on the basis of the colour emotions, clean–dirty, tense–relaxed, and heavy–light. In this model colour preference was found affected most by the emotional feeling “clean.” The second model was developed on the basis of the three colour‐emotion factors identified in Part I, colour activity, colour weight, and colour heat. By combining this model with the colour‐science‐based formulae of these three factors, which have been developed in Part I, one can predict colour preference of a test colour from its colour‐appearance attributes. The third colour preference model was directly developed from colour‐appearance attributes. In this model colour preference is determined by the colour difference between a test colour and the reference colour (L*, a*, b*) = (50, ?8, 30). The above approaches to modeling single‐colour preference were also adopted in modeling colour preference for colour combinations. The results show that it was difficult to predict colour‐combination preference by colour emotions only. This study also clarifies the relationship between colour preference and colour harmony. The results show that although colour preference is strongly correlated with colour harmony, there are still colours of which the two scales disagree with each other. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 29, 381–389, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/col.20047     

Grids for Assessing Colour Appearance

A technique of subjective magnitude estimation has been used to assess a set of pseudosurface colours, each having a luminance equal to half that of its adapting surround. Five observers scaled each of the colours three times in each of two adaptation conditions corresponding to daylight and tungsten light at 120 cd/m². Loci of constant hue and saturation were derived in u', v' chromaticity space for daylight and tungsten light. These grids enable the appearance of a colour to be specified from a knowledge of its chromaticity coordinates and they enable such effects as colour constancy and colour fidelity to be investigated in terms of perceived colour appearance.     

Colourful questions of an Indian village

How we understand and recall colour in the environments we encounter is reliant on the context. Drawing on a repeated experience of the author in a rural Indian village, a number of questions were raised regarding visual distinctiveness and its impact on the identity of place embedded in the memories of the village. A photographic walk‐through was undertaken to determine the existing colour palette and its relationship to the character of the memories of the village. Combined with observations and theory drawn from the literature, it is proposed that considering the experience from a pluralist perspective enables insights to emerge. In this case, colour moments and colour contrast are key attributes of memories and identity construction for the village visitor.     

The effects of coloured base fabric on electrochromic textile

The colour of electrochromic fabric, and its colour transitions, was explored on the basis of variations in underlying fabric colour. A complete understanding of this phenomenon is essential for the fabric’s use in full‐colour wearable displays or other applications. Previous work in this area utilised only white‐coloured starting materials. Herein, a large colour swathe of fabrics was chosen. They were loaded with the commercially available conducting polymer, PEDOT‐PSS, and were coated with an electrochromic polymer. These all‐organic substrates were then switched between their two coloured states via reversible oxidation and reduction. At every stage, coordinates in the CIE Lu′v′ colour space were measured. It was found that darker colours decrease the overall contrast of the electrochromic, with black being entirely unobservable. More vibrant colours affected the observed colour through a subtractive mixing effect, as expected, but no adverse contrast effects between the two states of the electrochromic system was observed.     

Colour dependency of textile samples on the surface texture

In this paper, the perceptual and instrumental effects of texture on colour is investigated, using 63 textile samples, in nine colour centres and seven texture structures. The effectiveness of texture is evaluated by assessing colour differences between six texture samples and a standard texture in each colour group. Experimental results show that the sample texture has a significant effect on the measured and perceived colour and its influence depends on the colour centre of the sample. The magnitude of texture effect is more dependent on the texture type than on its coarseness. A new term to evaluate texture difference of a pair of textile samples was defined using a Gabor filter (Gabor texture difference). The visual colour changes gave a good correlation with Gabor texture difference values; however, the colour of the samples affected this correlation. So the colour change, as a result of texture differences, depends on two independent variables consisting of the Gabor texture difference and the colour centre of samples.     

Colour appearance shifts in two different‐sized viewing conditions

This study assessed the effect of size on colour appearance, using a colour matching paradigm where two sizes were presented in a setting similar to a normal colour selection interface. Twelve colours sampling the entire range of the colour spectrum were chosen as target stimuli. The target stimuli consisted of either a large (30° by 50°) or a small (0.5° by 0.5°) test field displayed on a cathode ray tube (CRT). In the experiment, a set of small colour samples consisting of the target and its neighboring colours was presented on the screen. Fifty‐seven participants were asked to pick a colour from the sample set that appeared to exactly match the target. Results in CIECAM02 showed a consistent increase in the apparent brightness (Q) but some decrease in saturation (s) for the larger field. Hue shifts were observed to form a systematic pattern. We noticed a discernable trend showing that, for targets of bluish or purplish colour hues, the accuracy of colour matching is lower and colour difference is greater in the condition of the large viewing field. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2010     

An unsupervised method for dominant colour region segmentation in yarn‐dyed fabrics

This paper presents a novel unsupervised approach to detect dominant colour regions standing out conspicuously in yarn‐dyed fabric images. For a dominant colour region of a yarn‐dyed fabric, measured by an imaging system, its individual yarn has an irregular three‐dimensional shape resulting in significant colour difference among pixels of the yarn. This difference leads to difficulty in segmenting yarns into dominant colour regions. A probabilistic model is proposed in this study to associate the colour of a dominant colour region with the colours of its yarns. Based on this model, the colour histograms of a dominant colour region are first estimated from those of yarns in a yarn‐dyed fabric image. Then, a hierarchical segmentation structure is devised to detect dominant colour regions in the image. Experimental results show that the proposed approach achieves satisfactory performance for dominant colour region segmentation in yarn‐dyed fabric images, with high computational efficiency.     

高反差彩色相纸乳剂的检测研究

感光胶片的卤素比（卤化银比例）、微晶体结构检测，是感光胶片制造工艺中两项主要物化分析。高反差彩色相纸是目前通用优质负一正彩色相纸。应用ｘ射线荧光光谱、ｘ时线衍射和扫描电子显微镜检测了高反差彩色相纸各层乳剂的卤素比和微晶体结构，这些方法简单迅速。     

谈青花色料

本文简要阐述青花的呈色特点，论述影响青花色料呈色的基本因素，概述青花色料的制备工艺技术。     

新型浅色聚氨酯固化剂的合成

介绍了新型浅色聚氨酯固化剂合成配方和工艺。比较了新型固化剂与ＴＤＩ－ＴＭＰ加成物性能指标。试验表明,新型固化剂除具有ＴＤＩ－ＴＭＰ加成物的优异性能外,还具有色浅,气味小,成本低等特点,讨论了影响该固化剂性能的诸种因素。