THE APPLICATION OF THE LAW OF MASS ACTION IN COMBINATION WITH THE COEXISTENCE THEORY OF SLAG STRUCTURE TO THE MULTICOMPONENT SLAG SYSTEMS

1. IDtroduction to the Coexistence Theory of Slag StructureA lot of paper have already been published in the field for application of the law ofmass action in combination with the coexistence theory of slag structure to the binaryand ternary slag systems[1--'1. In this paper3 some examples about application of both tothe multicomponent slag systems are given. First of all, an introduction to the coexistencetheory of slag structure is presented, then followed by some examples about its applic…     

Surface Structure of Nonoxidizing Slags Containing Sulphur

Application of surface tension measurements has been made to molten silicates in order to determine the effect of sulphur upon the surface tensions of synthetic blast furnace slags. In melts with the same molar ratios of Al2O3 + SiO2 to the basic oxides BaO, CaO, and MgO, the surface tensions increase in the order of oxides listed. Sulphur lowers the surface tensions of the basic BaO, basic CaO, acid BaO, acid CaO, and acid MgO slags in that order; and the concentration of excess sulphur at the slag surface increases in this same order of slags. The rate and amount of desulphurization of iron by these slags is favored by a low excess surface sulphur in the slag.     

电渣重熔用低氟渣与Incoloy825合金中Al、Ti反应性的研究

通过高温渣-金平衡实验,探讨了电渣重熔用低氟渣CaF2-CaO-Al2O3-MgO-Li2O-(TiO2)中TiO2含量对Incoloy825合金中Al、Ti含量的影响。并利用FactSage7.3热力学软件分析了渣中TiO2和Al2O3的活度与渣成分的关系。研究了渣中组元对反应4[Al]+3(TiO2)=3[Ti]+2(Al2O3)的吉布斯自由能和合金中平衡Al、Ti含量的影响规律。结果表明:反应的吉布斯自由能与渣中TiO2、CaF2和MgO呈负相关,与CaO和Al2O3呈正相关;渣中TiO2含量为0%7.27%(质量分数)时,合金烧钛增铝现象逐渐减弱,TiO2含量为11.27%时,又出现烧铝增钛现象;同一温度下,随着渣中CaO和Al2O3含量增加,合金中平衡Ti含量降低,平衡Al含量升高。随着渣中TiO2含量增加,合金中平衡Ti含量升高,平衡Al含量降低。渣中CaF2和和MgO含量变化对合金中平衡Al、Ti含量影响较小。实验结果与热力学计算结果能够很好的吻合。     

熔渣线膨胀系数与焊剂成分之间的关系

利用数理统计理论发展起来的混料优化设计方法,建立数学模型.研究了Al2O3-CaO-CaF2系高韧性焊剂七个基本组元间的交互作用对熔渣线膨胀系数的影响,揭示了焊剂的成分同线膨胀系数之间的内在关系,讨论了焊剂成分和线膨胀系数对脱渣性的影响,给出了焊剂成分与线膨胀系数之间的定量描述回归方程.结果表明,ZrO2对线膨胀系数有着显著的影响,当ZrO21＞10%,可使熔渣的线膨胀系数明显增大.而少量ZrO2与MgO-CaF2三个组元共同作用结果却使线膨胀系数明显降低;当MgO:CaF2接近1时,MgO与CaF2的共同作用结果,使熔渣的线膨胀系数具有较低值.     

FCB法三丝单面埋弧自动焊焊接冶金反应分析

借助XRF、XRD、EPMA等测试手段,对FCB法三丝单面埋弧自动焊表面焊剂NSH-55E的焊接冶金反应进行了初步分析。结果表明,熔敷金属中存在少量夹渣物,主要由SiO2、FeO、CaO及CaSiO3构成;焊剂和熔渣中存在的主量物质为MgO、SiO2、CaO、Al2O3、CaF2、TiO2、Na2O、MnO、Fe2O3,另外因焊接高温化学冶金作用,熔渣中新生成了CaO·MgO·2SiO2、CaO·Al2O3·2SiO2物相;熔渣中MnO、TiO2的含量明显高于焊剂,这与焊剂中加入了一定量的锰铁和钛铁作为合金剂和脱氧剂有关。     

熔渣的溶氢能力与熔敷金属的扩散氢

分别改变碱性焊条熔渣中CaO和Mgo与气保护药芯焊丝熔渣中Al2O3和MgO组元的相对含量,研究其对熔敷金属扩散氢的影响.结果表明,碱性焊条熔渣中,用同等质量MgO取代CaO导致熔敷金属扩散氢大幅度提高;药芯焊丝焊接熔渣中,脱氧产物若不是以Al2O3为主而是以MgO为主,熔敷金属扩散氢则大幅度提高.分析认为,熔渣成分的变化导致其溶氢能力的变化是这一结果的主要因素,即Ca2 离子导致熔渣含氧量的提高及氢在Al2O3中具有较高的溶解度等提高了熔渣的溶氢能力.     

Reactive wetting phenomena of MgO-C refractories in contact with CaO-SiO2 slag

Wetting phenomena between MgO C and CaO SiO2 slags were investigated by varying carbon content.A sessile drop technique was adopted to study the wetting phenomena in conjunction with a high speed camera for the observation of intrinsic wetting phenomena.The results show that the high content of SiO2 and the presence of Al2O3 in slags enhance the diffusion of Mg2+,leading to the promotion of reactive wetting.The carbon in MgO C refractory impedes the penetration of slags by repelling the slag and slowing the diffusion of Mg2+.This accounts for the non-wetting behavior of the slag on MgO C refractory with 17% (mass fraction) carbon similar to that of graphite.     

含B2O3渣系的热力学计算模型

根据炉渣结构的共存理论和相图，推导了ＣａＯＢ２Ｏ３和ＦｅＯＦｅ２Ｏ３Ｂ２Ｏ３渣系的热力学计算模型。结果表明：（１）理论计算的ＣａＯＢ２Ｏ３渣系的作用浓度ＮＣａＯ及ＮＢ２Ｏ３与实测的活度ａＣａＯ及ａＢ２Ｏ３一致；（２）理论计算的ＦｅＯＦｅ２Ｏ３Ｂ２Ｏ３渣系的氧化能力ＮＦｅｔＯ与实测的炉渣ＦｅｔＯ的活度值相符合。这说明本文提出的热力学计算模型是合理的。     

氟盐对炼镁还原渣中氧化铝浸出率的影响研究

以白云石和菱镁石为原料以铝粉为还原剂真空热还原炼镁过程中添加氟化钙可使镁还原率提高5%以上,还原温度降低50℃,还原后还原渣的主要物相为CaO.2Al2O3,加入的氟化钙在还原过程会参与反应生成氟铝酸钙。在实验室以氢氧化钠和碳酸钠的混合碱液对该含氟盐还原渣中氧化铝的浸出进行了研究,研究结果表明:经碱液浸出后还原渣中的CaO.2Al2O3全部被分解,还原渣中的氧化铝浸出率在70%以上,浸出渣的主要物相为CaCO3。含氟盐炼镁还原中氧化铝的浸出率比不含氟盐的氧化铝浸出率低10%以上,在还原过程中生成的氟铝酸钙和浸出过程中生成的水合铝酸钙是导致氧化铝损失增加的主要原因。     

Na2O对含MgO铝酸钙炉渣相变规律和氧化铝浸出性能的影响（英文）

采用向铝酸钙炉渣体系中添加Na2O的方法,降低或消除铝酸钙炉渣中MgO的负作用,并分析其影响机理。结果表明:当MgO含量为3%时,Na2O的添加量由0增加至4%后,炉渣的氧化铝浸出率由68.73%提高到80.86%。对含4%Na2O的样品进行XRD分析,发现四元化合物C20A13M3S3已消失。添加Na2O不能完全消除MgO对炉渣浸出性能的负作用。XRD和EDS分析结果表明,Na2O会进入12CaO·7Al2O3的晶格并促进其形成。     

保护渣元素分析

我公司近几年使用的保护法是复合型保护渣,主要成分是:石墨碳、SiO_2,其次含有Al_2O_3、CaO、MgO、CaF、铁的氧化物及K、Na、Mn筹。对影响钢锭质量的主要成分的分析方法进行了研究,制定出了日常检验的系统的分析方法。该方法操作性强,准确度和精密度均符合要求。     

新型精炼渣的研制应用

研制了成分为(质量分数,%)CaO 45~55、Al2O330~45、SiO2≤5、CaF2≤5、MgO≤5、S<0.15及其它余量的精炼渣并进行了试验应用。结果表明,采用新型精炼渣精炼工艺,可缩短精炼顶渣成渣时间12 min,提高脱硫率15%~20%,并降低钢水中H、O含量。     

Viscosities of Fe_nO-MgO-SiO_2 and Fe_nO-MgO-CaO-SiO_2 slags

1　INTRODUCTIONTheviscosityofliquidslagsisanimportantphysicalproperty .Innickelflashsmeltingprocesses ,slagscontainmainlyironoxidesandsilicainadditiontoMgO ,CaO ,Cr2 O3andAl2 O3aswellasvaluemet alsandotherimpurities .Manyinvestigationsontheviscosityofironsilicatemeltwerealreadyreport ed[14 ] .Butonlyfewstudiesarereportedontheslagsinthecompositionrangeoccurringinnickelmattesmelting.Thismaymainlybeattributedtoexperi mentaldifficultiesinviscositymeasurementsforthehighmeltingtemperatureofi…     

DIRECT MEASUREMENTS OF ISOACTIVITY CURVES OF MgO IN THE TERNARY SLAG MgO－B_2O_3－SiO_2

ＤＩＲＥＣＴＭＥＡＳＵＲＥＭＥＮＴＳＯＦＩＳＯＡＣＴＩＶＩＴＹＣＵＲＶＥＳＯＦＭｇＯＩＮＴＨＥＴＥＲＮＡＲＹＳＬＡＧＭｇＯ－Ｂ_２Ｏ_３－ＳｉＯ_２￥Ｚ．Ｃ．Ｗａｎｇ;Ｙ．Ｓｕ;Ｓ．Ｘ．Ｔｏｎｇ;Ｘ．ＬｉｕａｎｄＲ．Ｊ．Ｌｉ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣ?..     

大型电站转子钢脱硫的工业性实验研究

针对二重集团公司钢包精炼炉 (L RF)完成的十炉冶炼转子钢的工业性实验进行了研究。实验结果表明 :钢水初始硫 [S]在 0 .0 2 0 %以下炉渣采用下列组成 :Ca O=5 5 %～ 6 5 % ,Si O2 =13%～ 15 % ,Mg O=4 .0 %～ 6 .0 % ,Al2 O3 =3%～ 5 % ,Fe O<0 .5 % ,Fe2 O3 <0 .3% ,Σ (Fe O) <1.0 % ,B=3.5～ 5 .5和真空搅拌功 εM·t=(70～ 10 0 )× 10 3 J/t可获得良好的脱硫效果     

X-ray fluorescence spectrometry determination of open-hearth furnace slag by pressed powder briquetting

Chemical composition of open-hearth furnace slag isimportant for the metal and casting quality. The chemicalcomponents of slag need to be analyzed precisely andaccurately.For a long time the composition determination of slag ismade chemically, which involves complicated processes,long analytical cycle, high cost and tedious work. A greatmany successful applications of ores analysis by x-rayfluorescence spectrometry (XRF) have been reported[1-4].Powder-fused wafer is a sampling method used in…     

Mg2B2O5晶须增强镁基复合材料的组织与界面结构研究

采用光学显微镜、透射电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪研究Mg2B2O5晶须增强镁基复合材料的铸态组织及Mg2B2O5/AZ91D界面反应产物。结果表明:Mg2B2O5晶须具有孪晶结构,其孪生面和晶体生长方向分别为(202)和[010];部分Mg2B2O5晶须中存在MgB4O7颗粒相;在基体晶界与Mg2B2O5晶须之间存在等轴状Mg2Si相;Mg2B2O5/AZ91D界面处存在厚度不均匀的MgO和MgB2相界面层。尽管Mg2B2O5、MgO和MgB2之间没有确定的晶体学位相关系,但在特定Mg2B2O5晶须表面观察到(202)Mg2B2O5//(002)MgO,[010]Mg2B2O5//[110]MgO和(002)MgO//(0001)MgB2,[110]MgO//[2110]MgB2取向关系。最后,讨论Mg2B2O5晶须对复合材料组织结构和性能的影响。     

含MO（MO=FeO,NiO）的低碱度CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2熔渣电导率（英文）

作为有色冶金渣中有价金属回收基础,利用电化学交流阻抗谱法,测定低碱度MO(MO=FeO,NiO)-CaOMgO-Al2O3-SiO2五元熔渣体系的电导率。结果表明:随着熔渣体系温度的升高和MO浓度的增大,熔渣电导率增大。在1573～1773K下,(CaO+MgO)与(SiO2+Al2O3)质量比为0.47,当MO浓度小于12%时,熔渣电导率为1.4～14.4S/m。随着熔渣中MO浓度的增大,熔渣电导率增大的幅度增加。当熔渣中FeO和NiO浓度小于8%时,两种熔渣的电导率相差不大;当浓度达到12%时,含FeO的熔渣电导率明显大于含NiO的熔渣电导率。随着MO浓度的增加,电导活化能降低。     

Effects of MgO/Al2O3 ratio on viscous behaviors and structures of MgO–Al2O3–TiO2–CaO–SiO2 slag systems with high TiO2 content and low CaO/SiO2 ratio

The effects of MgO/Al₂O₃ ratio on the viscous behaviors of MgO–Al₂O₃–TiO₂–CaO–SiO₂ systems were investigated by the rotating cylinder method. Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze the structural characteristics of slag and Factsage 7.0 was adopted to demonstrate the liquidus temperature of slag. The results show that the viscosity and activation energy for viscous flow decrease when the MgO/Al₂O₃ ratio increases from 0.82 to 1.36. The break point temperature and liquidus temperature of slag initially decrease and subsequently increase. The complex viscous structures are gradually depolymerized to simple structural units. In conclusion, with the increase of MgO/Al₂O₃ ratio, the degree of polymerization of slag decreases, which improves the fluidity of slag. The variations of liquidus temperature of slag lead to the same changes of break point temperature.     

Effects of mineral loading methods on carbon solution reaction of coal-derived carbon material

1 Introduction The addition of the same oxide into carbon material with different methods has been discussed in previous studies[1?6]. The results showed that different mineral loading method could lead to different effects on carbon solution reaction of…