Effects of high magnetic field on modification of Al-Si alloy

1INTRODUCTIONAmong Al-Si alloys,the Al-Si eutectic alloyhas the best foundry capability.The mechanicalproperties of Al-Si eutectic and hypoeutectic alloyhighly relates to the shape,size and distribution ofSi phase in eutectic structure.Coarse acicular-likeeutectic Si dissevers Al matrix badly to inducestress concentration and debase the mechanicalproperties,especially the tenacity.Modification isthe process to change the shape and size of eutecticSi,namely to change the shape of eutec…     

Al-20％Si中间合金对Al-Si合金共晶Si变质行为的影响

研究了Al-20％Si中间合金对铸造Al-Si合金显微组织的影响.结果表明:向Al-Si合金熔体中加入1％的Al-20％Si中间合金,Al-7％Si合金中的共晶Si由粗大的板片状变为细密的纤维状或点状,变质效果较好,而对共晶Al- 12％Si合金的变质效果较弱;浇注温度对合金显微组织影响较大,适当降低浇注温度,有利于铸件组织的细化;变质温度越低越有利于颗粒状Si相成为形核核心,抑制枝晶组织的形成长大;在变质温度为650℃时,Al-20％Si中间合金对Al-7％Si合金变质有效时间是3h左右.     

The effects of Sc on the microstructure and mechanical properties of hypo-eutectic Al−Si alloys

The eutectic Si microstructure in Al-8.5wt.%Si alloy was changed from large flakes to fine lamellar when the Sc amount in the alloy reached 0.2 wt.%. 0.8wt.%Sc was optimal in terms of attaining the best modification effect. Study on the distribution of the modifiers and measurement of the surface tension of Al-8.5wt.%Si alloy melt with added Sr, Na, and Sc modifiers, respectively, reveals that Sc modifies eutectic Si by a decrease of surface tension, while Sr and Na modify eutectic Si mainly by an impurity-induced twinning mechanism. Al-8.5wt.%Si-0.4wt.%Sc alloy displayed approximately 50 and 70% increases in tensile strength and elongation, respectively, over Al-8.5wt.%Si alloy in the cast state. It also presented approximately 65 and 70% increases in tensile strength and elongation, respectively, over Al-8.5wt.%Si alloy at a ppt heat-treated state at 200°C for 3 h.     

初晶硅的遗传特性及其溶解动力学

将Al-21%Si(质量分数)合金在750~1 200℃分别重熔保温20、40、60、80、100和120 min后铜模快冷及重熔保温120 min后空冷,采用光学显微镜观察分析合金中初晶硅形态与尺寸的变化,对Al-21%Si合金中的初晶硅的溶解动力学进行分析。结果表明:过热温度越高,初晶硅尺寸越细小。在铜模快凝条件下,在750和850℃重熔时,保温时间对初晶硅颗粒尺寸的影响较大;在950~1 200℃重熔时,保温时间对初晶硅颗粒尺寸基本没有影响。当合金空冷时,即使过热温度足够高也不能获得细小的初晶硅组织,较高的过热温度和较快的冷却速度有利于消除过共晶铝硅合金中粗大初晶硅的遗传现象和获得细小的初晶硅。短时重熔实验和溶解动力学分析表明,当合金在1 200℃重熔并保温7~10 min后就可以使Al-21%Si合金中的初晶硅基本溶解。当重熔温度为950℃时,需要保温1.4~1.7 h才能使初晶硅得到溶解。     

原位观察共晶硅对Al-20%Si合金裂纹形成与扩展的影响

采用共聚焦激光扫描显微镜原位观察了Al-20%Si合金在拉伸过程中裂纹形成与扩展过程,研究了共晶硅对Al-20%Si合金裂纹形成、扩展的影响。结果发现:随固溶温度升高,Al-20%Si合金共晶硅粒化效果显著。铸态Al-20%Si合金拉伸过程中在针状共晶硅处容易产生裂纹,且裂纹主要在共晶硅之间扩展。经560 ℃固溶6 h,190 ℃时效10 h后,合金中针状共晶硅完全转变为颗粒状,有效降低了裂纹扩展速度,合金的抗拉强度和塑性明显提高。     

Processing Effects on Grain Refinement of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Treated with a Commercial Al-10Sr Master Alloy

The effects of Sr amount and melt holding time on the grain refinement of AZ31 magnesium alloy treated with a commercial Al-10Sr master alloy are investigated. The effects of solutionizing, rolling, and remelting of commercial Al-10Sr master alloy on the grain refinement of AZ31 magnesium alloy are also investigated. An increase in Sr amount from 0.01 to 0.1 wt.% or melt holding time from 20 to 80 min causes the grain size of AZ31 alloy treated with the commercial Al-10Sr master alloy to gradually decrease. In addition, the solutionizing, rolling, or remelting of commercial Al-10Sr master alloy can improve the refinement efficiency of the master alloy to AZ31 alloy, and the improvement resulting from the remelting is best obvious, followed by rolling and solutionizing, respectively.     

半固态Al-6.6%Si合金的变形行为

分别对常规铸造Al 6.6%Si合金和电磁搅拌制备的半固态Al 6.6%Si合金试样进行了压缩实验 ,分析了它们的应力—应变关系和组织变化。结果表明 ,半固态Al 6.6%Si合金液固两相区压缩变形可分为触变流动初始阶段和稳定触变流动两个阶段。在触变流动初始化阶段 ,应力从零急剧增大到最大值 ,并在这个最大值上保持一段时间。在稳定触变流动阶段 ,随应变增加 ,应力缓慢下降 ,整个过程应力都大大低于常规铸造Al 6.6%Si合金压缩变形时应力。半固态合金在液固态两相区压缩变形后 ,其初生相微粒仍保持为球状 ,并且试样各处变形均匀。同时 ,对半固态合金变形中的初生相微粒簇现象和液固分离现象也进行了讨论。     

Al-Si合金熔体热处理的结构转变

用示差扫描量热分析了Al-Si合金温度处理的熔体结构变化规律及结构变化温度。结果表明,在升温阶段的Al-7%Si亚共晶、Al-12%Si共晶及Al-20%Si过共晶合金的熔体中均存在额外的热效应,范围均在798～850℃之间,额外热效应温度范围与含硅量无关,结构转变焓值随合金的硅含量增加而增加,氢含量不影响结构转变的温度;而在降温过程中仅在Al-20%Si过共晶合金中发现了额外热效应,额外热效应的出现及温度范围取决于降温速度。分析认为,升温阶段的额外热效应体现了Al的熔体结构变化,降温阶段的额外热效应与熔体中的Si-Si原子团簇的行为有关。     

过滤对高杂质含量的Al-12％Si合金组织和性能的影响

采用过滤器对电热法生产Al-30％Si粗合金配制的Al-12％Si合金进行了过滤除杂,研究了过滤对其微观组织及力学性能的影响.结果表明:该合金经过滤后能除去大部分Fe、Ca等杂质,使Fe相呈现出小块状或多面体状,球化趋势明显,消除了细长线状的Ca相,合金的力学性能得到明显改善,其抗拉强度已经接近纯Al配制合金.     

高频磁场下制备颗粒增强铝基梯度复合材料

通过向Al-20%Mg2Si-5%Si母合金中加入10%SiO2颗粒,制得颗粒增强复合材料Al-14.9%Mg2Si-10.3%Si-11.8%MgAl2O4,然后重熔母合金和复合材料,利用高频磁场的电磁相分离法分别成功制备了Al-20%Mg2Si-5%Si(样品1)和Al-14.9%Mg2Si-10.3%Si-11.8%MgAl2O4(样品2)两种颗粒增强梯度复合材料.发现加入的SiO2与铝熔体中的铝镁反应形成了MgAl2O4,并通过电子探针证实了该相的存在,除此之外,初生的Mg2Si、Si也富集于试样表面.在此基础上,对两种合金沿径向进行了硬度测量,结果表明:硬度在径向呈梯度分布,满足梯度复合材料外硬内韧的性能特征.     

高硅铝合金及其原位复合材料干滑动磨损性能与机制

采用熔体反应法制备了(Al2O3 Al3Zr)p/Al-22%Si原位复合材料。探讨了高硅铝合金及其原位复合材料的干滑动磨损行为,并对其磨损表面和亚表面形貌进行了观察和分析。试验结果表明:复合材料的磨损量显著低于同条件下高硅铝合金的磨损量,且随颗粒体积分数的增大,复合材料的磨损量减小。磨损表面亚表面的SEM观察分析表明:高硅铝合金磨损表面存在与亚表面相连的撕裂纹和宽大的犁沟,其磨损机制为粘着磨损加磨粒磨损的混合型磨损;复合材料的磨损表面亚表面平整光滑,主要表现为磨粒磨损。     

Study of Melt Thermal-Rate Treatment and Low-Temperature Pouring on Al-15%Si Alloy

Under the condition of melt thermal-rate treatment (MTRT) and low-temperature pouring (LTP), the tensile properties of Al-15%Si alloy are improved, the average size of primary Si is refined to about 20 μm from about 50 μm, and eutectic silicon can be well modified. The ultimate tensile strength and elongation are 201 MPa and 3.5%, and these values increase by 12% and 25%, respectively, compared with that obtained by conventional casting technique. The Al-15%Si alloy modified with Sr and RE additions was also studied for comparison purposes. The tensile properties of the Al-15%Si alloy treated with MTRT + LTP are superior to those modified with Sr or RE addition individually. The eutectic growth temperature difference between modified and unmodified melts was used to indicate the modification level. The modification effect of MTRT + LTP on Al-15%Si alloy is better than that modified with Sr or RE addition.     

CDS铸造过共晶铝硅合金组织及性能研究

采用受控扩散凝固(CDS)技术制备Al-20％Si合金,研究了混合方式和高硅合金的混合温度对目标合金组织和性能的影响,探讨了合金组织与热膨胀性能之间的关系.结果表明,采用受控扩散凝固技术,纯铝液(660℃)与高硅合金液(850℃)混合所制备的目标合金初生硅相分布均匀,形貌规整,尺寸最小,合金的线膨胀系数也最小(15.7×10-6 ℃-1,30～300℃).分析表明,Al-20％Si合金热膨胀性能主要取决于合金组织中初生相的分布和形貌的规整性,与尺寸大小关系不大.     

TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF VISCOSITY OF Al-Si ALLOY MELTS

1. IntroductionLiquid m etalsare in com m on use in m odern industry/area such ascasting, m etallurgy, w elding,glassform ing,the nuclearindustry and crystalgrow th.In addition,the relation ofthe physicalpropertyand structure change w ith tem perature, concentration and pressure isofgreatinterestto researchersinphysics and m aterials. V iscosity is a basic param eterin discussing the nature and behaviourofm etalm elts,and isone ofbasic propertiessensitive to the m eltstructure. V iscosity m ea…     

高压水雾化法制备的高硅铝合金粉末特性

用高压水雾化法制备高硅铝合金粉末．并对粉末的特性进行了分析检测.实验结果表明、用该方法可制得含氧量低、粒度分布均匀、压制性好的合金粉末与同种合金的铸造试样相比,粉末的显微组织得到了显著细化,Si相的形态、尺寸及分布得到了明显改善,其α-Al基体因合金元素固溶度的提高得到了显著强化     

Sr,B添加对Al-15.5%Si合金中共晶团尺寸的影响

考察了Sr,B及Sr＋B联合作用对Al-15．5％Si（质量分数）合金中共晶团尺寸大小的影响．实验结果表明,随合金中Sr量增加,共晶团尺寸呈减少的趋势,冷却速度对共晶团的影响也很显著;在Sr变质的合金中加入B,共晶团尺寸先显著下降,随B量增加降低幅度趋于平缓;在未变质的Al-15.5％Si合金中单独加B,共晶硅由粗大的片状变为细长的层片状,层片间距明显降低．分析认为,合金中加入Sr,导致共晶过冷度增大,因而共晶团形核驱动力增大促使共晶团细化;合金中加入B,增加了共晶团有效形核基底的数量促使共晶团显著细化．     

A356铝合金Al-5Ti-1B和Al-10Sr熔体处理遗传效应

通过重熔试验研究Al-5Ti-1B和Al-10Sr中间合金在A356熔体中的遗传效应。结果表明:A356合金经熔体处理后流动性较母材提高17.36%,T6处理后α-Al枝晶细化,二次枝晶间距仅为16.8μm,共晶硅圆整,抗拉强度达269 MPa、屈服强度203MPa、伸长率12.5%、硬度92 HBW。伴随重熔,细化变质效果逐渐衰退,熔体质量下降,以致力学性能和流动性下降。试验发现固溶后快淬可减小变质衰退带来的影响。     

Effects of electromagnetic vibration on the structure and mechanical properties of Al-6%Si alloy during directional solidification

The effects of electromagnetic vibration on the grain refinement in directional solid- ification were investigated. It was found that the electromagnetic vibration applied in the melt not only can refine grains remarkably but also can enhance both tensile strength and ductility values of Al-6%Si alloy. SEM graphs show that coarse dendrite structure was broken up into a somewhat globular structure, and the morphology of eutectic silicon was changed from flaky to fibrous under electromagnetic vibration treatm...     

熔体超声波处理对Al-5%Si铸锭凝固组织的影响

为了研究超声波对金属熔体凝固过程中的影响,使用Al-5%Si合金进行了实验.在实验中采用几种不同的方法处理金属熔体:不添加除气剂、只添加除气剂、既添加除气剂又进行超声波处理.利用克劳修斯-克拉柏龙方程分析了超声波细化金属铸锭凝固组织的机理.结果表明,除气剂的添加与否对Al-5%Si合金铸锭组织的细化没有影响,铸锭由粗大的柱状晶组织构成;采用合适的超声波处理时间,Al-5%Si合金铸锭的等轴晶获得率大幅度提高,可使整个铸锭组织变为细化的等轴晶组织;超声波振动时间过长将导致铸锭内气孔的增加;根据克劳修斯-克拉柏龙方程,某一强度的超声波引起的压力冲击波作用,导致液相转变为固相,引起了超声波的细晶作用.     

Bi对Al-18%Si合金微观组织与力学性能的影响

研究不同的Bi含量对过共晶Al-18%Si合金微观组织与力学性能的影响.试验表明,Al-18%Si-x%Bi(x=1,2,3,4,5)合金中,大部分Bi在基体中以小颗粒状弥散均匀分布,局部出现Bi的聚集;同时,Bi的加入对合金中的共晶硅起到一定的细化作用;随着Bi含量的增加,共晶硅组织由粗大针片状变成短杆状,当Bi含量达到3%时,共晶硅转变为均匀分布于基体的蠕点状,当Bi含量为4%或5%时,共晶硅没有进一步的细化.另外,力学性能和摩擦试验研究发现:Al-18%Si-3%Bi合金的抗拉强度由Al-18%Si合金的168 MPa提高为189 MPa,摩擦系数由0.4372降为0.3879,磨损量仅为不含Bi的20%.