Effect of NiO content on corrosion behaviour of Ni-xNiO-NiFe2O4 cermets in Na3AlF6-Al2O3 melts

5Ni-xNiO-NiFe2O4 cermets with different NiO contents were prepared and the corrosion behaviour in Na3AlF6-Al2O3 melts was investigated in laboratory electrolysis tests. The results indicate that adding NiO is unfavorable to the densifieation of NiFe2O4-xNiO ceramics, while small Ni doping can greatly improve the sintering property. The electrolysis tests show that excess NiO is beneficial to the reduction of Fe while has little effects on that of Ni in the bath; the steady-state concentrations of Ni, Fe are below the corresponding solubilities of NiFe2O4-xNiO, implying that corrosion mechanism changes while electrifying. Post-electrolysis examination of anodes shows that Ni metal leaches at the anode surface, yet the substrate ceramic prevents the penetration of bath and the further loss of metal phase.     

Microstructural evolution of NiFe2O4-10NiO powder prepared by high temperature solid state reaction

1 Introduction The development of inert anode materials for aluminium production has gained considerable attention in recent years[1,2]. The significance of such anodes is the ability to produce environment-friendly O2 gas during electrolysis instead of g…     

烧结气氛对5Ni/(10Ni-NiFe_2O_4)金属陶瓷物相组成及力学性能的影响(英文)

在不同烧结气氛下采用冷压烧结法制备5Ni/(10NiO-NiFe2O4)金属陶瓷,通过XRD研究其物相组成,SEM研究其显微结构,并用三点抗弯测试和抗热震实验检测其力学性能。结果表明:在真空气氛及氧含量分别为2×10-5、2×10-4和2×10-3的气氛中均可获得Ni/(10NiO-NiFe2O4)金属陶瓷,但气氛中氧含量对物相含量影响较大。在真空气氛中NiO含量相对较高。材料中NiFe2O4和Ni的含量分别随着气氛中氧含量的上升而增加和减小;在真空烧结气氛中,可获得晶粒尺寸为3.90μm的5Ni/(10NiO-NiFe2O4)金属陶瓷,其抗弯强度可达138.59MPa,且在960°C实验条件下平均抗热震循环次数可达6.67次,具有相对较好的力学性能。     

INTERFACE REACTION IN MAGNETIC MULTILAYERS

1. Introduction"Exchange bias" [1], which refers to a shift (He. ) in the magnetization curve away fromthe zero field axis is an important phenomenon observed when a ferromagnet (FM) is incontact with an antiferromagnet (AF). Despite four decades of researcIl since its discovery,an understanding of this effect has still not been established. In recent years, the exchangecoupling between ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic (AF) thin filIns has receivedincreasing attention in physics be…     

Preparation and preliminary testing of cermet inert anode for aluminum electrolysis

1　INTRODUCTIONAluminumhasthelargest productivityamongthenonferrousmetals ,2 4Mtperyearintheworld .Whilegreatprogresshavebeenmadeintheprimaryaluminum production ,theindustrycontinuestopur sueresearchtosolvesomeformidablechallenges ,suchas quitealargeenergyintensity(14 0 0 0 15 0 0 0kW·hpertonaluminum) ,highcon sumptionofcarbonanode(5 0 0 6 0 0kgpertonalu minum) ,significantemissionsofgreenhousegas(1.71tpertonaluminum )andotherdetrimentalgases ,highcapitalinvestmentandcost[1] .Inertelectr…     

Effect of adding methods of metallic phase on microstructure and thermal shock resistance of Ni/（90NiFe2O4-10NiO） cermets

Ball mixing and electroless plating were respectively used as the adding methods of metallic phase to prepare Ni/（90NiFe2O4-10NiO） cermets for the inert anode in aluminum electrolysis. The microstructure and thermal shock resistance of cermet samples were studied. The results show that, for the samples prepared by ball mixing method, aggregation of metallic phase is found in either the green blocks or sintered samples and the extent of aggregation increases with the increase of metal content. For 6.5Ni/（90NiFe2O4-10NiO） cermets prepared with electroless plating method, the homogeneous and fine metallic particles are found in either the green compacts or sintered samples, but the relative density and thermal shock residual strength decrease by 3% and 28%-58% respectively, compared with samples prepared with ball mixing method.     

Effect of additive on corrosion resistance of NiFe2O4 ceramics as inert anodes

In order to improve the corrosion resistance of NiFe2O4 ceramics as inert anode, additive V2O5 was added to raw materials NiO and Fe2O3. The inert anodes of nickel-ferrite ceramics were prepared by powder metaUurgic method and the static corrosion rate in Na3AlF6-Al2O3 was determined by mass loss measurement. The effect of V2O5 on sintering property and corrosion resistance was studied. The results show that V2O5 can promote the grain to develop completely and improve sintering property. EDS results show the reaction product Ni2FeVO6 distributes along the grain boundary. The corrosion tests show that V2O5 is beneficial to improving corrosion resistance remarkably. The reasons that V2O5 can improve the corrosion resistance must be V2O5 promoting the gains to develop completely and Ni2FeVO6 distributes along the grain boundary. The stable structure can control the chemical dissolution of ceramics anode and the reinforced grain boundary can control the grain-boundary corrosion rate.     

惰性阳极基体材料NiFe2O4尖晶石的研制

本文用Ni2O3和Fe2O3为原料制备了铝电解用惰性阳极基体材料NiFe2O4尖晶石,详细介绍了整个制备过程。通过对NiFe2O4尖晶石的含量、真密度以及开口孔隙率等重要指标进行研究比较,最终得出了制备NiFe2O4尖晶石最佳工艺条件,并用最佳工艺条件重新制取试样进行热腐蚀实验。     

氧化银对惰性阳极耐熔盐腐蚀性能的影响

以Fe2O3、NiO和Ag2O为主要原料,采用固相烧结工艺制备了NiFe2O4/Ag惰性阳极,用X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜对材料的组成和微观结构进行了研究,采用水冷法测量了样品的抗热震性,并测量了其在冰晶石熔盐中的电解腐蚀速率。结果表明:Ag2O的加入提高了样品的抗热震性,降低了惰性阳极试样在冰晶石熔盐中的电解腐蚀速率,当Ag2O含量为6%时,试样的电解腐蚀速率最低。     

NiO对Sm2Zr2O7光子导热率影响的研究

采用共沉淀法制备Sm2Zr2O7粉体,通过无压烧结的方法制备Sm2Zr2O7及Sm2Zr2O7-NiO复合材料块体,利用磁控溅射法在纯Sm2Zr2O7块体表面制备不同厚度的NiO薄膜。对复合材料以及NiO薄膜的相结构及微观形貌进行分析,并对试样的热导率进行测试。结果表明,虽然NiO本身较高的热导率提高了整个材料体系的热导率,高温下热导率回升现象在一定程度上有所减弱。表面有NiO薄膜的Sm2Zr2O7试样的热导率普遍低于Sm2Zr2O7-NiO复合材料试样,并且热导率随着NiO薄膜厚度的增大先降低后上升,热导率回升有所缓解。     

Cu-Ni-Fe-NiFe_2O_4金属陶瓷的制备与表征

以NiO、Fe_2O_3和Cu、Fe、Ni为主要原料,采用两步固相烧结法,制备出Cu-NiFe_2O_4和Cu-Ni-Fe-NiFe_2O_4金属陶瓷试样.用阿基米德排水法测试样密度,并结合XRD和SEM分析其微观结构,测量了试样的静态热腐蚀率、抗热震性和电导率.研究表明,与Cu-NiFe_2O_4金属陶瓷比较,金属Fe、Ni的加入能够起到晶粒细化、提高致密度的作用,同时使Cu与陶瓷的润湿性得到改善.Cu-Ni-Fe-NiFe_2O_4试样在冰晶石熔盐中的静态热腐蚀率有所降低,而抗热震性有较大提高.电导率也有一定提高,原因是由于金属相均匀的分散于陶瓷相中,减小了晶界间的势垒作用,从而使载流子更易通过晶界.     

铝电解用NiFe2O4-10NiO基金属陶瓷惰性阳极的耐腐蚀性能

制备铝电解用NiFe2O4-10NiO基金属陶瓷惰性阳极,并在实验室电解槽中考察其电解腐蚀性能。结果表明,电解过程中虽然惰性阳极在960°C熔盐电解质中表现出优异的耐腐蚀性能,但采用XRD、SEM/EDX和金相分析其物相组成和微观结构后发现,电解后阳极中的金属相发生了优先腐蚀,在阳极表面产生大量孔洞。NiFe2O4相中的 Fe 元素的优先溶解可能导致 NiFe2O4晶粒的不均匀腐蚀。溶解在电解液中的 Al2O3与阳极中的 NiO 或FeO 发生反应生成的 NiFe2O4-NiAl2O4-FeAl2O4相对 NiO 相的吞并以及体积膨胀,阳极表面形成致密的NiFe2O4-NiAl2O4-FeAl2O4保护层。因此,致密的NiFe2O4-NiAl2O4-FeAl2O4保护层可以阻挡阳极表面金属相的损失和陶瓷相的腐蚀。     

Results from 100 h electrolysis testing of NiFe2O4 based cermet as inert anode in aluminum reduction

1 Introduction Since the Hall-Héroult process was applied in aluminum production, an inert anode was always the target that the aluminum industry was seeking for in the new technology field[1]. Some selection criteria have been defined in order to ident…     

EFFECT OF MnO2 ADDITIVE ON PERFORMANCES OF NiFe2O4 SPINEL BASED INERT ANODE

1. Introduction Recent efforts to replace the carbon anode of the Hall-Héroult process with an oxygen-evolving, non-consumable anode started in the late 1960s. Aside from simplification of the process because no carbon anodes need to be manufactured and …     

Fe2O3对SiC基泡沫陶瓷过滤器性能的影响

采用有机前驱体浸渍法制备SiC基泡沫陶瓷过滤器,通过对SiC基泡沫陶瓷过滤器热震性、抗压强度的测试以及显微结构的分析,研究了Fe2O3对泡沫陶瓷过滤器强度和烧结等性能的影响.实验表明:随着Fe2O3含量的增加,泡沫陶瓷过滤器的抗压强度随之增加,而抗热震次数显著减少;Fe2O3的加入能够起到助烧作用,但是过量的Fe2O3会导致烧结体产生过量的玻璃相,Fe2O3的含量应控制在1.5wt%以内.     

Effects of Nd3+ on the microstructure and magnetic properties of Ni-Zn ferrites

Ni0.4Zn0.6Fe2-xNdxO4(x=0-0.07) ferrites doped with different amounts of Nd2O3 were prepared using standard ceramic technique. The samples were uniaxially pressed and sintered at 1250℃ for 4h in air. The phase structure and microstructure of the samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope, respectively. The complex permeability was measured using the impedance analyzer in the range of 1-100MHz. The results indicate that with increasing Nd3 content, the relative density and lattice parameter a of the sintered samples increase, whereas the real part of permeability (μ') and the magnetic loss tangent (tan δ) decrease. The substitution of Nd3 for Fe3 forms a secondary phase on the grain boundary of the matrix, which strongly restrains the grain growth of the matrix.     

Yb_2O_3掺杂对15(20Ni-Cu)/(NiFe_2O_4-10NiO)金属陶瓷性能的影响

采用冷压-烧结技术制备NiFe2O4-10NiO基金属陶瓷材料;通过对烧结体的显微结构和物相组成、电导率、电解试样的表层形貌、电解质和阴极铝的杂质增量等的分析检测,研究Yb2O3掺杂对15(20Ni-Cu)/NiFe2O4-10NiO金属陶瓷致密度、导电率和耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:1 300℃烧结的0.5%Yb2O3-15(20Ni-Cu)/(NiFe2O4-10NiO)金属陶瓷具有较好的性能,相对密度为98.53%,960℃时的电导率为53.06 S/cm,电解腐蚀后金属腐蚀层厚度为20~30μm,总杂质增量为0.079 g。     

Preliminary testing of NiFe2O4-NiO-Ni cermet as inert anode in Na3AlF6-AlF3 melts

1 Introduction It is well known that the current aluminum reduction cell with carbon consumable anode has many disadvantages. So the concept of inert anode was introduced, with which the disadvantages can be avoided completely. A lot of research work has…     

Ag/La2NiO4复合触点材料的制备与性能

利用传统的陶瓷制备工艺制成La2NiO4类金属导电陶瓷,将其与银粉混合制成Ag/La2NiO4复合触点材料,该材料具有电阻率较小,加工性好等特点.X射线衍射分析发现La2NiO4陶瓷在电弧烧蚀作用下相结构不发生变化,具有高的化学稳定性.模拟电寿命实验测得触点材料转移和烧蚀量小,表面抗烧蚀性好.与通用的Ag/CdO和Ag/SnO2触点材料比较,Ag/La2NiO4性能较佳,是一种可以取代Ag/CdO的新型触点材料.     

CaO掺杂10NiO-NiFe2O4复合陶瓷的导电性能

研究添加剂CaO含量和烧结温度对CaO掺杂10NiO-NiFe2O4复合陶瓷的物相组成和电导率的影响。结果表明:CaO含量在0~4%范围内,烧结试样的X射线衍射谱仅有NiO和NiFe2O4的衍射峰;10NiO-NiFe2O4复合陶瓷在空气中升温过程存在明显的吸氧和失氧行为;CaO含量对1 473 K烧结的10NiO-NiFe2O4复合陶瓷的电导率影响显著;当CaO含量为0~1%时,随测试温度的升高,材料电导率逐渐增大,随后在773~923 K出现1~2个数量级的突降,然后重新缓慢增大;当CaO含量为2%和4%(质量分数,下同)时,材料电导率在298~1 233 K范围内随着测试温度的升高而增大;2?O掺杂10NiO-NiFe2O4复合陶瓷在不同测试温度下均具备最高电导率,1 233 K下达到16.29 S/cm,远高于未掺杂试样的1.03 S/cm;烧结温度由1 473 K提高到1 573 K时,未掺杂试样在1 233 K时电导率提高近15倍,2?O掺杂试样1 233 K时电导率略有提高。