一种建筑物墙体

一种建筑物墙体，属于固定建筑物中的墙体。本实用新型的技术方案是墙体用复合砌块砌筑，在砌块的灰缝处放置玻璃丝纤维或碳纤维网格布，通过灰浆将玻璃纤维或碳纤维网格布两端固定在保温板两侧的墙体上。使用本实用新型的积极效果是玻璃纤维或碳纤维网格布在保温板两侧的墙体上形成拉筋，保证了墙体的整体强度。     

蒸压加气混凝土砌块墙体施工质量控制

蒸压加气混凝土砌块墙体施工是一种新型材料使用方法,其中蒸压加气混凝土砌块是一种较新的墙体建筑材料,与已有的的建筑材料相比,在性能上具有独特优势.施工中主要使用水泥、砂石、石灰、粉煤灰等进行搅拌和蒸压,形成多孔轻质砌块.文章结合工程实例,简要阐述了墙体施工中蒸压加气混凝土砌块材质的特点,提出了蒸压加气混凝土砌块墙体的施工...     

土建施工中墙体砌块技术应用探讨

土建工程墙体砌块技术出现的时间并不晚,早在上个世纪二十年代就开始小规模应用,然而受到当时砌块制作技术及土建工程建设理念的限制,这种优质材料并没有得到大规模推广,直到近几年,党和政府开始关注土建工程环保性问题和材料创新问题,给砌块带来了新的发展契机。为了提升土建施工中墙体砌块技术应用效果,需要对墙体砌块技术的特征以及其应用意义进行充分了解,在此基础上对墙体砌块技术在土建施工中的技术要点、配制要点以及质量控制要点等进行细致研究。     

混凝土空心砌块墙体裂缝控制措施研究

在全面推进节能、降耗政策的情况下,新型墙体材料的应用范围正在不断扩大,给混凝土施工技术提出了更高要求,必须加强施工过程的管理,才能进一步提高施工质量。本文就混凝土空心砌块墙体裂缝产生的原因进行分析,对混凝土空心砌块墙体裂缝的控制措施进行探讨,以更好的促进我国建筑行业可持续发展。     

废渣小型空心砌块墙体排列和砌筑方法

废渣小型空心砌块墙体排列和砌筑方法徐州市第三建筑工程公司１９９１年～１９９４年，我们承担了在工业与民用建筑中采用砼（废渣）小型空心砖块的施工任务。施工前我们绘制了墙体的砌块排列图，然后根据有关建筑设计与施工规程进行施工，收到较好的效果。ｌ砌块墙体的排...     

应用电厂脱硫石膏生产石膏砌块及发展前景

电厂烟气脱硫石膏是我国工业副产石膏的最大资源,采用先进的工艺对脱硫石膏进行烘干煅烧,且应用于石膏砌块生产,开发新型墙体材料,开拓建筑市场,是脱硫石膏资源利用的新途径,发展前景广阔.     

土建施工中墙体砌块技术应用

砌块是由混凝土等材料制成的一种人工材料，与其他砖相比，它的施工速度要快很多。砌块是当今土建施工中非常重要的一种材料，它能大大降低工程成本，而且对保护生态环境有重要意义。文章分析了土建施工中存在的问题，提出了土建施工中应用墙体砌块技术的优化措施，并对土建施工中墙体砌块技术的应用进行了深入探讨。     

磷石膏在墙体材料及石膏模盒领域的应用

阐述我国磷石膏的产排量与特点,以及磷石膏在石膏条板、纸面石膏板、水泥缓凝剂、石膏砌块、石膏砖、装饰材料、储能材料等方面的应用;介绍了石膏模盒技术及工业副产石膏在石膏模盒生产中的应用情况;对提高磷石膏综合利用率提出了应用建议。     

利用磷石膏生产新型建材

利用磷石膏为原料,生产空心条板和砌块等新型建材制品,制品的性能达到技术要求,有较好的经济效益。对磷石膏为原料的制品进行了放射性测定表明,除摩洛哥矿的磷石膏外,其他矿源磷石膏的α、β射线强度及磷石膏墙体建筑物的γ射线照射率均小于国家规定值,在安全范围之内。     

用磷石膏制轻集料混凝土砌块

以贵州矿磷石膏、云南矿磷石膏和脱硫石膏为原料,通过水化造粒将磷石膏制成粗、细集料,并对粗集料进行必要的水泥包壳处理,再用普通混凝土工艺将其制成轻集料混凝土砌块。结果显示,制备的轻集料混凝土试块磷石膏占比高,具有轻质保温特性,不但抗压强度能达到墙体材料国家标准,还能承受严苛的冻融循环检验,完全符合墙体材料的要求,且能耗低、工艺简便易行,是极具市场潜力的磷石膏利用新技术。     

A model to predict fire resistance of non‐load bearing wood‐stud walls

The author has developed a series of computer models to predict the fire resistance of wood‐framed walls and floors. The models utilize two‐dimensional heat‐conduction equations and thermo‐physical property data to describe heat transfer through the assemblies. The model for wall assemblies WALL2D, the basic version of the wall model, has already been published in Fire and Materials. Recently, WALL2D has been extended to WALL2DN to analyse heat transfer through insulated walls and walls that experience openings at the joints between adjacent sheets of gypsum board. Since gypsum board shrinks at high temperatures, the joints between adjacent sheets of gypsum board open. Hot fire gases, thereby, enter the openings and heat the edge of the gypsum board and wood studs. The new model WALL2DN simulates the joint opening and describes the resultant effect of openings. The model also calculates heat transfer through insulation in the stud cavity and depicts the effect of insulation on the fire resistance of non‐load bearing wall assemblies. Insulation selected in WALL2DN is glass‐fibre insulation, rock‐fibre insulation, polystyrene foam and polyurethane foam. When walls are exposed to fire, the insulation in the cavity shrinks (and/or melts) and an empty space appears at the interface between insulation and gypsum board. The model simulates this shrinking behaviour of insulation in the cavity. Finally, the model was validated by comparing the predicted results to those from full‐scale standard fire‐endurance tests. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Service of Bakor-33 and Corhart-Zac in a glass furnace

Conclusions Bakor-33 in the main is as good in its physicochemical and service properties as the Corhart-ZAC refractory. The use in the walls of a tank furnace of Bakor-33 and dense silica allowed us to raise the melting temperature from 1480 to 1505–1510°C, to improve the quality of the glass, to prolong the campaign from 22 to 27 months and to melt an extra 46,000 tons of glass or more.When high-temperature melting (above 1500°C) is used it is best to employ Soviet fusion-cast Bakor-33 for the upper course of the tank walls in the melting part if window and technical glass are being produced. It is undesirable to use Bakor-33 blocks in the pouring section inside the furnace.In view of the serious wear of firebrick with high-temperature melting it is recommended that the low-lying courses of the walls of the melting part be made of fused corundum refractory Bakor-20.The first five pairs of ports in the glass furnace should be made of Bakor-33 blocks and the other of silica.To obtain high-grade glass from high-temperature melting it is desirable to make the upper courses of the walls of the cooler and working parts in fused corundum or Bakor-20, and in the extreme case, of high-Al₂O₃ blocks.     

Highly Efficient Heat-Insulating Materials and Components Based on Al2O3 – SiO2 Modified Glass Fiber

The physicochemical principles underlying the production of felt, cardboard, blocks, panels, and other engineering components using modified glass fibers coated with organosilicon microfilm are presented. In the method developed, the organic component of the microfilm is subjected to thermo-oxidative destruction, which allows one to obtain partially crystallized glass fibers. A remarkable property of these glass fibers is that they can be used for fabrication of components with required shape and structure.     

Composite reinforcement: Recent development of continuous glass fibers

Light weight, glass fiber-reinforced composites have gained a broad, global acceptance in commercial markets with a total of more than 7 billion of US dollars in revenue since its first commercial production in US in mid 1930s. This article briefly reviews recent development of continuous glass fibers with a focus on high-performance glass fibers. With accelerated commercial demands on high-performance glasses and/or glass fibers, there is a growing realization of fundamental needs in decoding nature of glass structures or “genes” of glass structure building blocks and establishing their relationships to properties of glasses or glass fibers. The related database development can enable researchers shortening the number of product development cycles to bring new fiber products to the market. A special section is, therefore, provided illustrating recent progress in characterizations of glass structures by using techniques of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and molecular dynamics simulations.     

SOME FEATURES OF TANK BLOCK COMPARISONS1

The life of glass blocks can be increased by lower furnace temperature obtained by increasing the area of melting chamber, and by insulation of the walls. Analysis and physical tests of clays and of blocks made from them are compared with results of service test but data does not warrant conclusion.     

Advances in modelling heat transfer through wood framed walls in fire

Described in this paper are advances made in modelling heat transfer through wood framed walls in fire. Previously unpublished experimental results are also given. This type of modelling is used for the determination of the performance of fire safety systems, such as wood framed wall barriers, in accordance with new performance‐based building regulations being introduced around the world. Advances include a discrete modelling method for radiative heat transfer in cavities with re‐entrant corners and gaps formed by the shrinkage of stud cross‐sections. It has been shown that the formation of the gaps can prevent temperatures rising in the fire side of studs by as much as 100–200°C. A simple means of modelling heat transfer by the movement of moisture and vapour, involving the modification of conductivity values has been developed. Sloughing of gypsum board sheets has been satisfactorily modelled assuming that a sheet sloughs when the temperature on the surface opposite the fire reaches the melting point of glass fibres in the gypsum board; that is, approximately 700°C. Recommendations on thermal properties obtained independently by other researchers are presented. Overall, the advances improve temperature predictions and broaden the range of walls that can be modelled including staggered stud walls as well as ordinary cavity walls. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

磷石膏热分解技术研究

采用差额分析方法分析了在800～1000℃内以煤粉为还原剂时,温度和时间对磷石膏和纯石膏分解率的影响,系统分析了玻璃粉、钾长石、粉煤灰在含掺量为60%时对磷石膏及热分解过程的影响。试验结果表明,当煤粉掺量小于20%时,在各种温度下磷石膏和纯石膏的分解率均很低;但当煤粉掺量达到60%以后,磷石膏和纯石膏分解率几乎不随煤粉掺量的提高而有显著提高。在煤粉充足和温度合适的情况下,钾长石和粉煤灰具有较好的分解促进作用,玻璃效果甚微。     

The discrepancies in energy balance in furnace testing,a bug or a feature?

The paper aims to explain the differences found in the heat release rate measurements in a large sample of standard fire tests (EN 1363-1). A total of 379 tests of vertical assemblies was investigated, all performed in furnace SPARK of the ITB Fire Testing Laboratory, in 2015-2018. The assemblies were subdivided into two groups—wall assemblies and fire-rated doors. These assemblies were also compared with the results of the test of a wall built with aerated autoclaved concrete blocks that was considered as the benchmark test. It was observed that walls built with highly insulated sandwich panels require less heat to maintain standard thermal exposure conditions (20%-30% less) than their counterparts built from gypsum plasterboard or aluminium and fire-rated glass. In case of doors, it was observed that combustible samples required significantly less heat than the benchmark case (40%-70% less), which indicates that the combustion of the sample inside of the furnace was an additional, significant source of heat release, that may skew the qualitative assessment of their performance in fire. A more in-depth discussion of the results is provided, with some ideas on the direction of further developments in fire testing.     

高性能玻璃纤维研究

结合近年来高强玻璃纤维研究,介绍了国内外高性能玻璃纤维的力学性能研究方法及数据,论述了高性能玻璃纤维在高温、化学腐蚀等条件下的力学性能优势,对比分析了高性能玻璃纤维增强复合材料的机械性能。作为复合材料的增强基材,高性能玻璃纤维能够更好地满足复合材料工艺及功能的要求。     

玻璃纤维废丝的处理和利用

介绍了我国玻璃纤维工业发展带来的废丝问题,废丝处理的工艺流程,对生产中容易出现的问题进行分析;并对废丝在连续玻璃纤维生产、玻璃棉生产、玻璃马赛克生产、陶瓷釉料上的应用进行可行性分析,结论为根据废丝成分等特征,以上应用可行。