原位反应Al_2O_3/ZL202复合材料的制备和力学性能

利用原位反应法与铸造工艺相结合 ,制备Al2 O3/ZL2 0 2复合材料。结果表明 :试验所制得的Al2 O3/ZL2 0 2复合材料 ,其增强颗粒在 1～ 5um之间 ,分布均匀 ;复合材料的抗拉强度比基体合金的抗拉强度高 ,伸长率比基体合金的伸长率大 ,体现了复合材料比基体合金具有更优的性能     

原位合成TiB_2/ZL109复合材料的力学性能

通过原位合成法成功制备了亚微米级TiB_2颗粒增强ZL109复合材料,测量了不同颗粒含量复合材料的弹性模量和25～400℃的抗拉强度(UTS)。结果表明,复合材料的弹性模量随颗粒含量提高而提高,颗粒含量15%(质量分数,下同)时,复合材料的弹性模量比基体合金提高了32%；抗拉强度也明显高于基体合金,10%TiB_2 /ZL109复合材料在260℃时的强度比基体合金提高了105MPa。     

Fe2O3／Al体系制备Al2O3粒子增强铝基复合材料

对Fe2O3与Al合金反应合成法制备Al2O3粒子增强铝基复合材料进行了研究.对所得复合材料进行组织观察,OM观察发现Fe以网状合金相形式存在;SEM观察显示原位颗粒分布均匀,颗粒细小,直径小于0.5 μm;TEM观测显示Al2O3颗粒边角圆滑、界面干净,与基体结合良好.对复合材料进行力学性能测试,硬度略有提高,室温抗拉强度略低,300℃时抗拉强度达到92.18 MPa,比基体提高了26%.     

基体合金对连续Al2O3f/Al复合材料微观组织及拉伸强度的影响

选用Nextel610型Al2O3纤维作为增强体,采用真空气压浸渗法制备了纤维体积分数40%、基体合金分别为1A99、ZL210A、ZL301及7075合金的单向连续Al2O3f/Al复合材料,并用NaOH溶液萃取出Al2O3纤维,研究了基体合金对连续Al2O3f/Al复合材料的致密度、纤维损伤及拉伸强度的影响。结果表明：基体合金对连续Al2O3f/Al复合材料的致密度和微观组织有明显影响,其中连续Al2O3f/ZL301复合材料致密度最高为99.2%,组织缺陷最少;连续Al2O3f/1A99复合材料致密度最低为96.8%,这种差异是由于不同基体与纤维之间润湿性不同导致的。不同基体与纤维发生了不同程度的界面反应,最后表现为对纤维的损伤程度不同。连续Al2O3f/1A99、Al2O3f/ZL210A、Al2O3f/ZL301及Al2O3f/7075四种复合材料的拉伸强度分别为465MPa、479MPa、680MPa和389MPa,缺陷、纤维损伤和界面结合强度是影响连续Al2O3f/Al复合材料强度的主要因素。     

原位合成TiB2/ZL109复合材料的力学性能

通过原位合成法成功制备了亚微米级TiB2颗粒增强ZL109复合材料，测量了不同颗粒含量复合材料的弹性模量和25～400℃的抗拉强度（UTS）。结果表明，复合材料的弹性模量随颗粒含量提高而提高，颗粒含量15％（质量分数，下同）时，复合材料的弹性模量比基体合金提高了32％；抗拉强度也明显高于基体合金，10％TiB2／ZL109复合材料在260℃时的强度比基体合金提高了105MPa。     

(Al2O3+TiB2)/ZL202复合材料的制备和力学性能

采用原位熔体反应合成法制备了(Al2O3 TiB2)/ZL202复合材料.用电子探针对复合材料的微观组织进行观察.结果表明:增强相TiB2颗粒主要分布于晶界上,与CuAl2相交织在一起,尺寸在1 μm左右,呈现圆球形,Al2O3颗粒约在3 μm左右,呈现规则的颗粒或圆球状,且彼此分离,界面干净.对铸态复合材料室温抗拉强度和硬度的测试发现,两相颗粒增强的复合材料都较单一颗粒增强复合材料要高.经过T6处理后,(Al2O3 TiB2)/ZL202复合材料的抗拉强度由221.0 MPa提高至339.6 MPa,提高幅度达53.67%,其延伸率降低至2.60%.     

压铸TiC/AlSiCuMg复合材料的制备和性能

利用熔铸 -原位反应和压铸成形技术制备了TiC/AlSi9Cu1.4Mg0 .5复合材料 ,测试了复合材料的力学性能。结果表明 :TiC/AlSi9Cu1.4Mg0 .5复合材料的室温抗拉强度为 3 5 4MPa ,比基体合金提高 2 6% ;2 60℃时复合材料的抗拉强度为2 72MPa ,比基体合金提高 46%。复合材料的伸长率与AlSi9Cu1.4Mg0 .5合金相当     

基体塑性对Al2O3f/Al复合材料增强效果的影响

通过改变试验温度和选用不同塑性基体材料的方法,研究了基体塑性对复合材料拉伸性能的影响.试验结果表明,基体塑性很差的Al2O3f/ZL109复合材料,随着纤维体积分数的升高,其抗拉强度下降;对于基体塑性很好的Al2O3f/1050复合材料,随着纤维体积分数的增加,其抗拉强度有明显的提高;随着试验温度的升高,基体ZL109铝合金的塑性不断提高,低于543K,ZL109的强度高于Al2O3f/ZL109;在543K左右,ZL109的强度与Al2O3f/ZL109相当;高于543K后,Al2O3f/ZL109的强度高于ZL109.若在使用条件下,基体为脆性材料,加入短纤维反而会降低材料的力学性能;若基体为塑性材料,添加短纤维能起到强化的效果,塑性越好,其强化效果越好.     

基体对连续C_f/Al复合材料致密度和强度的影响

选用M40石墨纤维(6K)作为增强体材料,采用真空气压浸渗法制备了纤维体积分数为40%、基体合金分别为ZL102、ZL114A、ZL205A及ZL301合金的单向连续Cf/Al复合材料,研究了基体合金对连续Cf/Al复合材料的致密度和抗拉强度的影响。结果表明,在预热温度为550℃、浸渗温度为730℃、浸渗压力为7 MPa、保压时间为20min的条件下,4种复合材料中,M40/ZL301复合材料的致密度最大,为99.9%,纤维在基体中的分布也最均匀;抗拉强度最高达670.2MPa,是最低的M40/ZL102复合材料的639%;其拉伸断口呈典型的韧性断裂特征。     

熔体反应法制备Al_3Zr_(p)、Al_2O_(3(p))/A356复合材料的凝固组织和性能

对Al ZrOCl2 体系采用熔体反应法制备了Al3Zr( p) 、Al2 O3( p) /A35 6复合材料。结果表明 :原位生成的Al3Zr和Al2 O3 均为多面体粒状 ,且Al3Zr表面存在生长小面 (facet)。复合材料凝固组织中随ZrOCl2 加入量的增加 ,颗粒分数增大 ,颗粒分布更均匀。但反应温度高于 90 0℃时 ,Al3Zr颗粒出现板块状集聚生长。拉伸试验表明 :Al3Zr(p) 、Al2 O3(p) /A35 6复合材料具有比基体更高的抗拉强度 ,并随ZrOCl2 加入量的增加而提高 ,其拉伸断口为混合型断裂     

Thermodynamics and phase diagrams in the binary systems Na2O-SiO2, Na2O-GeO2, Na2O-B2O3, Li2O-B2O3, CaO-B2O3, SrO-B2O3, and BaO-B2O3

We applied our model to the enthalpy of mixing data of the binary systems Na₂O-SiO₂, Na₂O-GeO₂, Na₂O-B₂O₃, Li₂O-B₂O₃, CaO-B₂O₃, SrO-B₂O₃, and BaO-B₂O₃. The most stable composition in the liquid, that is where the enthalpy of mixing is most negative, is with a metal-oxygen ratio of 4 to 3, for monovalent metals (Na and Li) and 3 to 4 for divalent metals (Ba and Ca) in liquid silicates or borates. The same applies to the CaO-SiO₂, CaO-Al₂O₃, PbO-B₂O₃, PbO-SiO₂, ZnO-B₂O₃, and ZnO-SiO₂ systems. The oxygen to metal ratio, its constant value in various types of systems, reflects and describes the structure of the liquid. Using the analyzed enthalpies of mixing data and the available phase diagrams, we calculated the enthalpies of formation of the various binary compounds. The results are in excellent agreement with data in the literature that were obtained from direct solid-solid calorimetry.     

Fe2+-Ni2+-NH3-NH4+-C2O42-H2O体系的沉淀配合平衡热力学

针对草酸盐配位共沉淀热分解还原法制备超细铁镍合金粉过程中Fe2+-Ni2+-NH3-NH4+-C2O42--H2O体系的溶液平衡建立热力学分析模型,并根据模型进行相关计算,揭示反应体系中各物质随pH值、氨及草酸浓度的变化关系。结果表明:溶液中的Fe主要以[Fe(C2O4)n]2 2n络合物形式存在,而铁氨络合物含量很低。当氨含量较低时,溶液中的Ni主要以[Ni(C2O4)n]2 2n存在;氨含量较高时,在酸性条件下,溶液中的Ni主要以[Ni(C2O4)n]2 2n存在,在碱性条件下,则主要以[Ni(NH3)n]2+存在。低pH值下,Ni的沉淀率较Fe的高,而高pH值下,Ni的沉淀率则较Fe的低。     

Al2O3-Sm2O3-CeO2电解质的性能（英文）

采用溶胶-凝胶法和低温燃烧技术制备Ce1-xSmxO2（x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3）和掺杂Sm和（2%-8%）Al2O3的二氧化铈;研究其合成、结构、致密化、导电性和热膨胀等性能,并利用XRD研究其结构和相组成。结果表明,于1300°C烧结球团,获得致密的陶瓷,于1250°C在Ce0.8Sm0.2O0.2中加入2%和4%的Al2O3以促进烧结。利用扫描电子显微镜观察烧结后球团的表面形貌,使用双探针交流阻抗谱研究总离子电导率。     

Al2O3包覆改善P2型Na2/3Fe1/2Mn1/2O2正极材料的存储性能

采用超声喷雾热解与高温固相烧结相结合的方法合成P2型Na_2/3Fe_1/2Mn_1/2O₂材料。通过X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜和电化学充放电设备对材料的结构、形貌和电化学性能进行全面的表征。此外,在Na_2/3Fe_1/2Mn_1/2O₂表面包覆Al₂O₃薄层,该包覆层可以抑制Na₂CO₃·H₂O的形成,提高Na_2/3Fe_1/2Mn_1/2O₂材料的存储性能,从而改善其电化学性能。这种简单的表面改性方法为合成高性能钠离子电池正极材料提供了新思路。     

Synthesis and properties of CaCd2Sb2 and EuCd2Sb2

High density polycrystalline CaCd₂Sb₂ and EuCd₂Sb₂ intermetallics are synthesized by Spark Plasma Sintering and their thermoelectric properties are investigated. X-ray diffraction measurements reveal both materials have a structure in space group, containing a small amount of CdSb as a second phase. Thermoelectric measurements indicate both are p-type conductive materials. The figure of merit value of CaCd₂Sb₂ is 0.04 at 600 K and that of EuCd₂Sb₂ is 0.60 at 617 K. Theoretical calculations show that CaCd₂Sb₂ is a degenerate semiconductor with a band gap of 0.63 eV, while EuCd₂Sb₂ is metallic with DOS of 13.02 electrons/eV. For deeper understanding of the better thermoelectric properties of EuCd₂Sb₂, its low temperature magnetic, transport and heat capacity properties are investigated. Its Nèel temperature is 7.22 K, convinced by heat capacity anomaly at 7.13 K. Hall effect convinced that it is a p-type conductive material. It has high Hall coefficient, high carrier concentration and high carrier mobility of +1.426 cm³/C, 4.38 × 10¹⁸/cm³ and 182.40 cm²/Vs, respectively. They are all in the magnitude of good thermoelectric materials. The Eu 4f level around Fermi energy and antiferromagnetic order may count for the better thermoelectric properties of EuCd₂Sb₂ than that of CaCd₂Sb₂.     

Y2O3-BaO-SiO2-B2O3-Al2O3 glass sealant for solid oxide fuel cells

A glass based on Y₂O₃-BaO-SiO₂-B₂O₃-Al₂O₃ (named YBA) has been investigated as sealant for planar solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The YBA glass has been systematically characterized by differential thermal analysis, dilatometer, scanning electron microscopy, impedance analysis, and open circuit voltage to examine their suitability as sealant. The coefficient of thermal expansion of YBA is 11.64 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ between 323 and 873 K. The resistivity is 9.1 × 10⁴ Ω cm at 800 °C. The glass sealant is found to be well adhered with other cell components, such as electrolytes and stainless steels, at an optimum sealing temperature of 800 °C. All measured results showed that the YBA glass appears to be a promising sealant for SOFCs.     

New Zr6CoAs2-type compounds: Y6CoBi2, Ho6CoBi2 and Tm6CoBi2

Results of a powder X-ray diffraction investigation of new ternary compounds are reported. The compounds Y₆CoBi₂ [a=0.8312(1) nm, c=0.4144(1) nm], Ho₆CoBi₂ [a=0.8246(2) nm, c=0.4095(1) nm], and Tm₆CoBi₂ [a=0.8155(2) nm, c=0.4066(1) nm] crystallize in the hexagonal Zr₆CoAs₂-type structure (space group P6b2m No. 189). The Zr₆CoAs₂-type structure is a superstructure of the Fe₂P-type structure.     

Electronic structures and Eu photoluminescence behaviors in Y2Si2O7 and La2Si2O7

The electronic structures and linear optical properties of Y₂Si₂O₇ (YSO) and La₂Si₂O₇ (LSO) are calculated by LDA method based on the theory of DFT. Both YSO and LSO are direct-gap materials with the direct band gap of 5.89 and 6.06 eV, respectively. The calculated total and partial density of states indicate that in both YSO and LSO the valence band (VB) is mainly constructed from O 2p and the conduction band (CB) is mostly formed from Y 4d or La 5d. Both the calculated VB and CB of YSO exhibit relatively wider dispersion than that of LSO. In addition, the CB of YSO presents more electronic states. Meanwhile, the VB of LSO shows narrower energy distribution with higher electronic states density. The theoretical absorption of YSO shows larger bandwidth and higher intensity than that of LSO. The results are compared with the experimental host excitations and impurity photoluminescence in Eu³⁺-doped YSO and LSO.     

Phase equilibria in the system La2O3-BaO-P2O5: The partial system LaPO4-Ba2P2O7-Ba(PO3)2

The LaPO₄-Ba₂P₂O₇-Ba(PO₃)₂ portion of the oxide La₂O₃-BaO-P₂O₅ system has been investigated. Important parts of this investigation were the determination of equilibria in the LaPO₄-Ba(PO₃)₂ subsystem and the addition of liquidus data to the partially known LaPO₄-Ba(PO₃)₂-Ba₂P₂O₇ subsystem. These data were combined with known data from the LaPO₄-Ba₂P₂O₇ subsystem and with measurements of the equilibria within the LaPO₄-Ba₃P₄O₁₃ isopleth to determine the nature of the phase equilibria in the quasi-ternary LaPO₄-Ba₂P₂O₇-Ba(PO₃)₂ system.     

载体中ZrO2/Al2O3比对Pt/ZrO2-Al2O3催化剂性能的影响

相比汽油车而言,柴油车具有高效、低油耗的优势已得到广泛应用。本实验以ZrO₂作为改性剂,探究了ZrO₂与Al₂O₃的质量比对催化剂的影响。研究结果表明：随着ZrO₂的加入,Pt粒子先减小后增大;Pt粒子与载体的交互作用先增大后减小。活性实验数据分析表明,ZrO₂的最佳添加量为40 wt%,CO和C₃H₆完全氧化温度分别降低20 _oC 、25 _oC。贵金属在催化剂的分散度以及贵金属与载体的相互作用随着ZrO₂与Al₂O₃质量比的变化而变化。Pt粒子越小,其与载体的交互作用越强,这表明催化剂性能越强。