CMCS-Pd络合物的性能及在电磁屏蔽织物中的应用

在CMCS-Pd(羟甲基壳聚糖-钯)络合物制备过程中,研究了反应时间和pH值对反应的影响,计算得到CMCS对Pd2+的饱和吸附量.结果表明,在反应时间3h,pH值7条件下,CMCS对pd2+的络合吸附作用较好,其饱和吸附量可达454.55 mg/g.将CMCS-Pd络合物溶液作为活化液制备了以涤纶为基材的电磁屏蔽织物,该织物具有良好的电磁屏蔽性能.     

麦草浆蒸煮黑液木素制备活性炭

以麦草浆蒸煮黑液中木素为原料，采用正交实验方法，探讨了活化时间、活化温度、磷料比对制备活性炭性能的影响和最佳工艺条件。结果表明，麦草浆蒸煮黑液中木素可以作为制备活性炭的优良原料，最佳制备工艺条件为：温度600％、磷料比3．5：1、活化时间70min；制备的活性炭亚甲基蓝吸附值可达16．3mL／0．1g，为活性炭国家一级品标准（LY216—79）的1．36倍。三因素对活性炭亚甲基蓝吸附能力影响顺序为：活化温度〉磷料比〉活化时间。     

柚子皮生物活性炭的制备及对有机染料和气态甲醛的吸附研究

本文以柚子皮为原料,ZnCl₂为活化剂和阻燃剂,通过高温热解法制备柚子皮生物活性炭(Biomass ActivatedCarbon,BAC),并研究其对有机染料和甲醛的吸附性能。结果表明,在炭化温度为500℃、ZnCl₂溶液浓度为20 g/L、浸渍比为3:1、浸渍时间为24 h、炭化时间为45 min时得到的BAC,其表面孔状结构明显,表面含有丰富的C=O、O-H和C-O含氧活性官能团。测得其比表面积为983.27 m2/g,总孔容为0.56 cm3/g,平均孔径2.26 nm。同时,BAC对染料的吸附属准二级动力学吸附,吸附量分别为75.81、96.19、64.06 mg/g。在此基础上,用1.0 g BAC吸附实际染料废水中染料,吸附率可达90%以上。将BAC应用于甲醛的吸附中,其对甲醛的吸附量为6.0~9.5 μg/g。     

氧化石墨烯掺杂TiO2改性活性炭纤维

为更好地解决废水污染的问题,针对活性炭纤维(ACF)改性进行了研究。以活性炭纤维为基体,采用溶胶凝胶法制备氧化石墨烯(GO)掺杂二氧化钛(TiO₂)的溶液,通过浸渍提拉法实现负载,制备了GO掺杂TiO₂的活性炭纤维。借助红外光谱、拉曼光谱、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射对其微观结构和表面形态进行表征和分析,并探讨了改性ACF的吸附动力学,以及GO对其可见光光催化降解性能的影响。结果表明:制备的GO-TiO₂/ACFs中TiO₂主要由锐钛矿相组成,GO的掺杂可抑制TiO₂晶体的生长和团聚,TiO₂的晶粒尺寸从15.7 nm降为8.1 nm。与TiO₂/ACFs相比,少量添加GO的GO-TiO₂/ACFs具有更优异的可见光吸附性能,对亚甲基蓝的去除率从65%增至85%,其吸附相比准一级动力学模型更符合准二级动力学模型,属单分子吸附。     

大豆多肽-锌螯合物的制备工艺优化及其结构表征

本文通过Alcalase酶水解大豆分离蛋白制备大豆多肽,并将大豆多肽与ZnCl₂进行螯合反应制备多肽-锌螯合物。以锌螯合能力为指标,通过单因素实验及正交试验,确定大豆多肽锌螯合物的最佳工艺条件为:反应温度75 ℃,pH5.5以及ZnCl₂溶液浓度为450 μmol/L,此条件下大豆多肽的锌螯合能力为(26.96±1.22) mg/g。紫外光谱和傅利叶红外光谱表明,锌离子可以与多肽中的羧基、氨基和肽键结合,从而形成大豆多肽锌螯合物。荧光光谱、扫描电子显微镜和Zeta电位的结果表明,与锌离子的螯合使得多肽发生分子内和分子间的折叠与聚集。 大豆多肽-锌螯合物为开发新型补锌制剂提供了新的研究思路和理论依据。     

锌基化合物催化木质素液相解聚研究

采用酸析絮凝法从蔗渣碱法制浆黑液中提取木质素并对其进行理化分析;针对蔗渣木质素反应活性低且难溶的缺点,在NaOH/H₂O₂溶液体系中,研究了Zn、ZnO、Zn(NO₃)₂和ZnAc₄种催化剂催化高浓(质量分数10%)木质素解聚反应的效果。结果表明,蔗渣木质素的酚羟基含量较高(2.81 mmol/g),数均分子质量较大(Mn=11270);锌及其化合物均可将木质素解聚成酸可溶性化合物,其中,ZnAc的催化效果最显著,木质素液化率达40.9%,为空白样的2.68倍;添加NH₃·H₂O可使ZnAc转化为相应的锌氨配合物,添加苯酚可减少木质素醌式中间体的重聚,在优化条件下,木质素液化率可进一步提高至84.2%;木质素解聚产生的不溶性物质以焦炭为主,液化产物包括小分子芳香族化合物和木质素分子链段(Mn=3058,分子质量分布为1.570)。     

不同金属离子交联海藻酸盐复合纤维性能比较

为了促进海藻酸(Alg)材料在纺织领域的应用，以海藻酸钠为纺丝液，以氯化钙(CaCl₂)、氯化锌(ZnCl₂)、氯化铜(CuCl₂)和氯化锶(SrCl₂)溶液为凝固浴，采用湿法纺丝工艺，制备了不同金属离子交联的海藻酸盐纤维。通过扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱、X-射线衍射等表征手段分析了海藻酸与不同金属离子的螯合作用，海藻酸盐纤维的微观形貌以及应用性能。结果表明：与CaCl₂相比，经过ZnCl₂、CuCl₂和SrCl₂凝固浴交联的海藻酸盐纤维具有更好的吸湿和阻燃性，其中海藻酸锌纤维的吸湿率达到290%,氧指数35;海藻酸锶纤维具有最高的断裂强度，达到(48±1.2) MPa;由于铜离子和锌离子自身具有抗菌特性，制备的海藻酸铜和海藻酸锌纤维具有优良的抗菌特性。     

芦苇黑液木质素制备活性炭吸附废水中的硝基苯

以芦苇造纸黑液酸沉木质素为原料,使用流化床在500℃下炭化5min,再将其与K2CO3以1：2比例混合转入管式炉中,在900℃下活化60min.通过对氮气以及对废水中硝基苯的吸附表征,表明该法所制备的木质素微孔活性炭的比表面积可达1395m2/g,且吸附性能良好.同时Langmuir吸附方程较Freundlich吸附方程能更好地描述该活性炭对硝基苯的吸附过程.FT-IR红外光谱说明活性炭中硅的存在;SEM扫描电镜观察到活性炭多孔的生成.     

g-C3N4掺杂TiO2/活性炭复合光催化剂的制备及其光催化性能

采用直接热聚合法和溶胶-凝胶法分别制备石墨相氮化碳(g-C3N4)和二氧化钛活性炭复合材料(TiO₂/AC)两种前驱体，再通过两步法制备石墨相氮化碳掺杂二氧化钛活性炭复合光催化剂(g-C₃N₄/TiO₂/AC)。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)以及瞬态荧光光谱(PL)等方法对g-C₃N₄/TiO₂/AC复合光催化剂进行表征；以亚甲基蓝(MB)作为模拟染料，探究g-C₃N₄/TiO₂/AC复合光催化剂的暗吸附性能、光催化降解性能、循环使用性能和光催化降解反应动力学，并对反应机理进行探讨。结果表明：g-C₃N₄/TiO₂/AC复合光催化剂具有较好的层状结构，且对可见光具有较好的吸收，在加入量为2.0 g/L时，其对MB的暗吸附率和光催化降解率...     

磷酸活化脱墨渣制备中孔活性炭研究

以废纸脱墨渣(污泥)为原料,通过磷酸活化法制备中孔活性炭,以碘吸附值和亚甲基蓝吸附值为考察指标,研究了活化时间、活化温度、浸渍比及磷酸浓度等对活性炭吸附性能的影响。得到的最佳制备条件为:活化时间90 min,活化温度450℃,浸渍比1∶3.5,磷酸浓度70%。此条件下脱墨渣活性炭得率为54.57%,得到的脱墨渣活性炭碘吸附值为421.98 mg/g,亚甲基蓝吸附值为10.97 mL/g,比表面积、总孔容和中孔率分别达715.576 m~2/g、0.353 mL/g和97.45%。磷酸活化法制备的脱墨渣活性炭比表面积较大,中孔发达。红外光谱、扫描电镜及X射线衍射表征表明,脱墨渣活性炭表面含有大量羟基等多种官能团;脱墨渣活性炭的晶化程度较大,微晶不规则,孔隙结构稳固。以脱墨渣为原料采用磷酸活化技术可成功制备出中孔活性炭。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press