协同OFDM系统中继节点发送训练序列的功率分配算法

考虑到在复杂街区环境中由于距离太远或者障碍物阻挡等原因,造成源节点和目的节点之间没有直接链路,而是利用多个中继进行协同传输的情景,本文针对空间相关信道下的协同OFDM系统,提出了一种中继节点发送训练序列的功率分配算法,从窄带协同信道模型矩阵表示出发,推导得到了宽带协同OFDM信道模型。在已知信道协方差信息情况下,利用LMMSE（Linear Minimum Mean Square Error）准则对中继节点发送的训练序列进行了功率分配。仿真结果表明,该功率分配算法在空间相关信道下具有良好的均方误差性能;与未考虑空间相关性的功率分配算法相比,该算法的估计精度更接近于Cramér Rao界（CRB）。      

分布式空频编码协同通信系统中基于导频转发新时序的信道估计算法

该文针对频率选择性衰落下的多中继分布式空频编码协同通信系统,提出了基于导频转发新时序的频域信道估计算法,包括最小二乘(LS)估计算法和低阶近似的线性最小均方误差(Lr-LMMSE)估计算法。互相协同的各中继节点在收到源节点广播发送的频域导频符号向量后,通过互不相同的时隙将其转发给目的节点,从而避免了各中继节点转发的导频符号在目的节点上的混叠干扰。理论分析和仿真结果表明,该算法成功地分辨了多中继协同通信系统的所有频域信道系数,其估计精度高,算法复杂度低,具有较高的实用价值。     

基于多中继导频频分复用的协同通信系统信道估计算法

本文针对频率选择性衰落环境下结合正交频分复用技术的放大转发多中继协同通信系统,提出了基于导频频分复用的频域信道估计算法,包括最小二乘（LS）估计算法和线性最小均方误差（LMMSE）估计算法。理论分析和仿真结果表明,该算法不仅成功分辨了多中继协同通信系统的所有频域信道衰落系数,避免了各中继节点转发的导频符号在目的节点上的混叠干扰,而且减少了频域信道估计所需的导频符号数量和时隙周期长度,提高了协同通信系统的传输效率和频谱利用率,同时显著提高了信道估计的精度,降低了算法的复杂度,具有较高的实用价值。      

OFDM系统导频信道估计算法的性能研究

研究基于块状导频的最小平方（LS）信道估计、线性最小均方误差（LMMSE）和低秩LMMSE信道估计算法,并进行了算法仿真,得出不同信道估计算法下正交频分复用（OFDM）系统误比特率（BER）和信噪比（SNR）之间的变化关系,以及在不同导频符号间隔下的误比特率曲线图。仿真结果表明：LMMSE、低秩LMMSE和LS算法的性能依次变差,且导频符号间隔对误比特率性能影响较大。     

MIMO-OFDM系统中基于导频辅助的信道估计

该文对MIMO-OFDM系统中基于导频辅助的LMMSE信道估计算法进行了研究,导出了其估计均方差的下界。为降低算法复杂度,首先利用奇异值分解给出一种低阶近似的信道估计器结构;其次提出了一种基于最优导频设计的简化算法。该简化算法不仅降低了算法复杂度,且能有效地获得最优估计性能。最后文中给出了估计信道特性的方法。     

LTE系统中有关维纳滤波信道估计的性能分析

基于LTE系统下行信道中离散分布的导频符号,本文提出了一种时频维纳滤波信道估计方法。分别在频域和时域使用维纳滤波方法获得信道响应。这种方法有两种实现形式：一种是利用自相关矩阵计算导频部分的信道响应,再利用插值算法获得数据部分的信道响应,另一种是利用互相关矩阵直接计算导频和数据部分的信道响应。在瑞利衰落信道环境下进行MATLAB仿真,维纳滤波相比LS算法性能有很大提高,时频维纳滤波信道估计算法的性能优于LMMSE算法,自相关时频维纳滤波信道估计算法性能优于互相关时频维纳滤波信道估计算法。     

基于导频辅助的低压电力线通信系统信道估计算法

针对低压电力线信道噪声强、衰减大的问题,基于OFDM技术的电力线通信系统采用时域扩充结构,提高导频数据的可靠性.确定了在OFDM时域扩充结构中应用LMMSE准则时最大多径时延的最优取值.在此基础上提出一种更适合时域扩充系统的信道估计优化算法,通过利用OFDM符号内所有导频参与信道估计从而在低信噪比条件下获得更低的误码率.仿真结果表明提出的改进算法与传统LMMSE算法相比具有更好的信道估计性能,在信噪比低于0dB时改进算法的性能优势更加明显.     

同道干扰下放大转发协同OFDM系统中的信道估计

该文针对放大转发(Amplify-and-forward,AF)协同OFDM系统,在导频和数据子载波都受到多个严重的同道干扰(Co-channel Interference,CCI)影响的前提下,提出了一种基于导频辅助的迭代信道估计方法,并推导了信道估计的Cramér-Rao 界(Cramer-Rao Bound,CRB).将等效信道、干扰信道和直传信道的信道状态信息(Channel State Information,CSI)估计值以及等效噪声方差矩阵的估计值进行线性合并,进一步消除CCI产生的影响,从而有效地提高了接收机的检测性能.理论分析和仿真结果表明:对于AF协同OFDM系统,在有多个同道干扰存在的情况下,本文提出的方法能够有效估计出所有等效信道和干扰信道的信道状态信息以及等效噪声方差矩阵,可以获得较好的均方误差(Mean Square Error,MSE)性能,且运算复杂度远远低于传统的线性最小均方误差(Linear Minimum Mean Square Error,LMMSE)信道估计方法.     

一种实用的基于导频的空时编码OFDM系统信道估计方法

该文研究了在多径衰落信道情况下的基于导频的空时编码OFDM系统的信道估计方法,包括基于DFT的LS,LMMSE算法,提出了一种实用的估计方法,该方法通过优化设计的导频符号避免了复杂的矩阵求逆计算,大大降低了LS,LMMSE算法的复杂度和运算量,在性能上接近理想信道信息情况下的性能。     

基于导频的光OFDM系统信道估计

信道估计是光正交频分复用（OOFDM）系统关键技术之一,为了克服光纤色散和模式的传输时延所产生的载波间干扰（ICI）,设计了一种基于导频的信道估计器,通过分析最小二乘（LS）和线性最小均方误差（LMMSE）算法估计原理,仿真实验比较两种算法的误比特率和均方误差性能,实验结果表明,LS与LMMSE在OOFDM系统中都有较好的作用,但LMMSE算法性能要优于LS算法。     

多中继无线协作网络中基于双块导频的信道估计方法*1*

在频率选择性衰落信道下的AF多中继无线协作网络中,由于传统的信道估计方法只能估计级联信道的CSI,结合单载波频域均衡技术,提出了一种基于双块导频的分段式频域信道估计方法.双块导频分别由源节点和中继节点做短序列重复变换移位(Short Sequence Repeat Transformation Shift,SSRTS)处理得到,在目的节点结合最小二乘和加窗(Least Squares Windowing,LSW)算法估计出S-R-D信道和R-D信道的CSI,再计算得到S-R信道的CSI.仿真结果表明,该方法可以有效地估计分段信道,提高了信道估计精度,减少了信道训练时隙.     

一种超宽带模拟合并转发协作通信系统

针对频率选择性衰弱信道下协作通信系统信道估计复杂的问题,提出了一种模拟合并放大转发超宽带(UWB)协作通信方案.该方案在源节点处对发送符号进行实数分布式空时编码并附加传输参考,在中继节点处利用传输参考对多径分量进行模拟合并,从而构建了一种改进型非正交放大转发协作通信系统.仿真结果证明,相对于无协作通信系统,模拟合并转发...     

Channel estimation for AF relaying using ML and MAP

Channel state information is very important in cooperative communication for performance improvement or signal demodulation. Previous works on channel state information estimation mainly focus on least squares and minimum mean squared error estimators. In this work, several new maximum likelihood and maximum a posteriori estimators for the cooperative network are proposed. Two of them estimate the individual channel powers of different links using all pilots from the source node, while two of them estimate the individual channel gains of different links using pilots from the source node as well as the relay node. Numerical results show that the estimation error decreases when the signal-to-noise ratio increases or when the number of pilots increases. The estimators for the individual channel gains have normalized mean squared errors of less than 0.001 when the signal-to-noise ratio is 30 dB, and their bit error rate performances are very close to the perfect case. Importantly, channel estimation is performed at the destination only such that there is no extra complexity at the relay node.

     

Packet splitting and adaptive modulation based on CSI of time domain for decode‐and‐forward cooperative OFDM systems in different channel model

Cooperative communications obtain the transmission and channel diversity gains by using the relay node. However, since cooperative communications transmit the redundancy signal to obtain the transmission diversity gain, the transmission rate is degraded. Moreover, since cooperative communications add the interference in the relay node, the diversity gain is also degraded. The packet splitting has been proposed based on the channel state information of the time domain to obtain the good system performance without the redundancy signal. Moreover, the adaptive modulation has been proposed to improve the transmission rate. In this paper, we propose the combination method with the packet splitting and the adaptive modulation based on the channel state information of the time domain to improve the bit error rate and throughput performances for decode‐and‐forward cooperative orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems in the different channel model. From the computer simulation results, we determine the optimum weight and threshold for the proposed method. Moreover, the proposed method shows the good bit error rate and throughput performances.     

Channel estimation algorithms for cooperative spectrum sensing in amplify‐and‐forward cooperative system

In amplify‐and‐forward (AF)‐based cooperative spectrum sensing system, the bit‐error‐rate (BER) performance and detection probability will decrease because of the existence of channel estimation error. In this paper, the influence of channel estimation error on system performance is firstly deduced, and then, linear minimum mean‐square error (LMMSE) channel estimation algorithm with filtering delay time‐domain windowing (LMMSE‐filtering‐DTW) technique and modified singular value decomposition‐based LMMSE algorithm are proposed to improve the channel estimation performance for code division multiple access system and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system in AF cooperative scenario, respectively. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the two proposed channel estimation algorithms in cooperative spectrum sensing, and when E_b/ N₀ is bigger than 20 dB, given the required false alarm probability smaller than 15%, the difference of detection probability between the channel obtained using the proposed channel estimation algorithms and the ideal channel is less than 2.5%, respectively. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Joint detection and estimation for cooperative communications in cluster‐based networks

A joint data detection and channel estimation scheme is proposed for cooperative communications in cluster‐based networks. In the proposed approach, each relay detects the source information using its joint detection and estimation rules and then compresses this information and forwards it to the destination node. The source information received from all the relays in the network is combined at the destination node in accordance with a fusion decision rule in order to determine the corresponding symbol vector. The joint detection and estimation rule at the relays and the fusion rule at the destination node are both processed using an expectation maximization algorithm. In order to reliably avoid poor local maxima, we utilized one pilot symbol per signal block to obtain a better initial starting point for the expectation maximization algorithm. The simulation results show that the feedback mechanism accelerates the convergence of the local channel estimates toward the Cramer–Rao lower bound. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种基于预编码的AF多中继协作通信系统信道估计方法

针对瑞利平坦衰落信道下AF多中继协作通信系统,提出了一种基于预编码的分段式信道估计方法.该方法分两个阶段对S-R和R-D两个链路的信道状态信息进行估计,利用在中继端进行预编码,使中继节点可同时向目的节点发送训练序列.仿真结果表明,提出的方法可有效地估计出两段链路的信道状态信息,减小了训练时隙的开支,缩短了信道估计时间.     

基于粒子滤波的协作式空时联合频谱检测方法

认知无线电系统中,通过频谱检测所获得的主用户位置信息和信道使用状态信息分别反映空间域和时间域的频谱使用情况,其准确性关系到次用户伺机频谱接入的效率。本文研究空间和时间联合频谱检测问题,将其建模为主用户位置参数和信道使用状态的联合估计问题,提出了一种基于粒子滤波的协作式空时联合频谱检测方法,主要思想是采用离散随机测度逼近位置参数和信道状态的联合后验概率分布函数,根据该分布估计出主用户位置和信道状态。同时,该方法结合由估计得到的空间和时间信息,自适应选择靠近主用户且对称分布的次用户参与协作检测,增加各次用户提供信息的有效性,从而提高估计的准确性;最后,通过仿真验证了方法的有效性。