塑料表面真空蒸镀装饰膜工艺中底涂料的应用

结合生产实际，本文简单介绍了塑料表面真空蒸镀装饰膜的生产工艺中，底涂料涂装的作用。给出了不同基材塑料底涂料的选用条件。着重分析了水帘式喷涂设备的设计与使用方法。实践表明：采用这种喷涂设备，有利于净化喷涂环境，提高制品质量和工业化生产效率。     

塑料表面真空蒸镀装饰膜工艺中底涂料中的应用

结合生产实际，本文简单介绍了塑料表面真空蒸镀装饰膜的生产工艺中，底涂料涂装的作用，给出了不同基材塑料底涂料的选用条件，着重分析了不帘式喷涂设备的设计与使用方法。实践表明，采用这种喷涂设备，有利于净化喷涂环境，提高制品质量和工业化生产效率。     

机械涂装实践

一、何谓涂装利用涂料所固有的功能在被涂件表面上形成涂膜,以满足对物件的保护、装饰及其他特殊功能要求,这个过程的综合称为涂装。二、涂装设计和涂装说明 1.涂装设计涂料制品质量设计时,应使涂料在成膜过程中具有所要求的涂装作业适应性,以便成膜后能对物件起保护和装饰作用。因此,使用涂料时,有必要进行正确的涂装设计。下面是涂装设计要点。 1)要考虑到要求的涂膜性能和经济性去选定涂料质量。而对涂装方法所规定的涂料进行选定时,还必须对涂装方法,涂料质量与被涂件三者间的关系做详细了解。 2)对被涂件的形状,材料,涂料质量以及涂饰等级等进行调查,以确定合理的涂装方法。 3)根据涂饰等级和涂膜性能等功能目标,确定涂装说明。其内容包含图1所示的各个因素,这是涂装设计至关重要之点.     

2002年山东国际涂料涂装及表面处理技术设备展览会

展品范围:1、涂装设备及涂料产品:溶剂性涂料、水性涂料、粉末涂料、汽车 涂料、特种涂料、涂料生产设备及化工涂料;防锈脂及气相防锈 材料、切削液及润滑添加剂。2、材料（如覆铜箔层压板极其制造材料:干膜、湿膜、丝绸印料及 辅料、化学镀、电镀液、多层板、挠性板材料等）印制电路环保 工程设备材料;印制电路质量控制、检测仪器。3、其它:表面改性与薄膜技术:物理、化学气相沉积（PVD、 CVD、PCVD）工艺与设备;电子束、离子束、激光表面改性与 表面合金化工艺与设备;表面预处理与表面后处理设备;材料; 纳米粉体与纳米薄膜;表面膜、转化膜、原材料及添加剂;防腐 技术及设备;各种耐蚀泵、阀门及管通配件、阴极保护技术及设 备;各种工业及城建输水、输油、输气管道内外防腐技木产品; 粘接技术及油墨设备;产品:各种中外胶粘剂、密封胶、粘接工 艺与设备。     

叉车一次性涂装工艺改造

１引言 目前国内叉车行业具有批量小、品种多的特点，决定了叉车涂装与汽车涂装的不同。 早期主要采用的叉车涂装工艺是将零部件预涂底漆、装配后再整车手工喷涂、自然干燥，涂料一般为低档的过氯乙烯类材料，装饰性较差，基本上没有涂装装备。１９８５年后，随着对叉车涂装质量要求的提高，出现了整车喷涂涂装线，并增加了６０℃以下的烘干工序。随着市场经济的发展，人们对叉车的外观涂层的装饰性、耐腐蚀性提出了更高的要求，同时对控制叉车涂装生产所带来的环境污染也有了更严格的规定，有必要对传统的涂装工艺及装备进行改革。本厂运用…     

常温锌系快速彩膜磷化工艺研究

为提高磷化膜的装饰效果,开发了一种常温锌系彩色磷化工艺。探讨了磷化液中各组分及操作条件对彩色磷化膜质量的影响,并对所得到的磷化膜性能进行了测试。结果表明,用该工艺儿得的磷化膜色泽均匀、鲜艳,具有较好的装饰效果。磷化液使用寿命长、成本低、潮水上,适用于钢铁件的表面装饰和涂装的底层处理。     

涂装职业危害及其标准化治理

一、引言涂装是产品表面装饰和材质保护所采用的最有效手段之一,是采用合适的施工方法和工艺技术,将不同种类的涂料涂覆在物体表面并牢固附着于被涂物体的涂料成膜工艺过程。我国的涂装需求发展很快,涂料产量从1980年的48万吨,达到目前的300多万吨。但是,涂装作业涉及的危险物料,工艺过程存在危险、有害因素。尤其是相当一部分企业的涂装车间、作业场所劳动条件较差,设备本质安全度不高,增加了作业危险性。上世纪80年代开始,我国安全生产主管部门注意到涂料产品的组份高毒害、涂装工艺高能耗、防护技术落后等问题,曾组织专家进行专题调研,同…     

机械工业部涂装技术协会委员会——第一次会议在汉召开

机械工业部涂装技术协会委员会第一次会议于1983年3月17~19日在武汉市召开.会议是在机械部科技司、机械科学研究院指导下进行的.与会委员在分析国内外涂装技术发展动向的基础上,对"六五计划"后三年重点科研攻关项目"提高出口机电产品涂装质量"作了较深入的技术论证,攻关项目包括:涂装前处理;水溶性涂料及涂装工艺;涂饰性粉末涂装工艺;特种涂料及涂装工艺;涂装设备和三废治理设备;以及有关检测仪器和标准化工作等.委员会还根据机械部涂装技术发展的需要.制定了1983～1984年本协会活动计划,并就加强协会的自身建设问题进行了充分讨论.与会委员一致认为,为使本部涂装技术水平不断     

球墨铸铁管无溶剂聚氨酯防腐涂层涂装工艺研究进展

介绍了国内外无溶剂聚氨酯涂料在球墨铸铁管防腐领域的应用情况以及此涂料涂装工艺的研究进展。论述了涂装设备的基本原理以及实现涂装工艺的方法和工艺流程     

自泳涂装生产线设计

自泳涂装生产线设计云南蓝箭汽车制造厂技术科（６５５００２）钱瑞林１前言自泳涂装是利用化学反应使涂料自动沉积在基体表面的涂装方法。该涂装方法与电泳涂装相比，具有设备设资少、能耗低、环境污染小，不需要严格的温控及频繁的搅拌，且漆膜机械性能及防蚀性能优良．...     

Infrared spectroscopic evaluation of the photodegradation of paint Part II: The effect of UV intensity & wavelength on the degradation of acrylic films pigmented with titanium dioxide

This paper reports the application of a previously described i.r. spectrometric method, which measures the evolution of carbon dioxide, and hence the rate of photo-oxidation, caused by UV irradiation of paint films, to a study of the dependence of paint degradation on UV wavelength. Measurements have been made on both unpigmented and TiO₂-pigmented acrylic films. Preliminary measurements demonstrate that, for both pigmented and unpigmented acrylic films, the rate of carbon dioxide generation is proportional to I ^0.5, the square root of the UV intensity. As the rate of carbon dioxide generation is a measure of paint film degradation, this implies that the rate of film degradation is proportional to the square root of UV intensity. This is the first time that this square root dependence, previously predicted from photo-oxidation studies of model compounds, has been directly measured on a practical paint film. Photo-oxidation of unpigmented, anatase-pigmented and rutile-pigmented acrylic films has been measured by using optical filters to isolated selected portions of the output of a Xenon lamp. Results have been analyzed semi-quantitatively taking into account the measured transmission characteristics of the filters, the lamp output and the I ^0.5 relationship. The disproportionate deleterious effects of short wavelength, <300 nm, radiation on unpigmented films have been confirmed and the stability of anatase pigmented films to 405 nm radiation has been demonstrated directly. The FTIR assay of carbon dioxide produced by paint film degradation could be applied to other polymer films and combined with measurements of carbonyl band development.     

Stoichiometry and superconductive properties of YBaCuO films deposited by spray pyrolysis

The dependence of the stoichiometry and the superconducting characteristics of YBaCuO films deposited by spray pyrolysis on the spraying solution composition and the deposition conditions is reported. It has been found that a proper optimization of the starting materials concentration in the spraying solution results in superconducting films with zero resistance temperature of 91 K and a transition to superconducting state within a 3 K range. X-ray diffraction and resistance vs temperature measurements have been used to monitor the crystal composition and the conductive characteristics of the films as a function of the spraying solution composition and the deposition parameters.     

Piezoelectric paint: Ceramic-polymer composites for vibration sensors

A piezoelectric ceramic-polymer composite has been developed for use as a novel thick film strain sensor for vibration monitoring of structures. The material is in the form of a paint that can be applied to a wide range of substrates using conventional spraying equipment. The sensor properties depend on the morphology of the composite and on the electrodes that are used to couple it to the charge amplifier. Electrodes of various kinds have been tested. Interaction between the electrode and the piezoelectric paint sometimes occurs (for example, the organic vehicle for spray-coated electrodes may interact with the paint binder). The morphologies of the piezoelectric paint and of the electrode materials have been studied using light optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy to investigate the effect of different compositions and of different processing conditions (e.g., paint mixing schedule). Preliminary work is reported on the characteristics of the piezoelectric particles and on the effect of heat treatment applied to anneal out defects produced by milling. X-ray analysis and particle size analysis have been used to characterize the changes that take place on heat treatment. X-ray diffractometry has also been used to follow the effect of poling on the paint sensors. At the present state of development, sensors made using the paint have a dynamic range of at least 40–4000 microstrain and a bandwidth of at least 1 Hz–2 kHz, and piezoelectric coefficient d ₃₁ of approximately 20 pC/N. The sensors are resistant to outdoor exposure and a successful field trial has been conducted.     

新型表面可修饰性有机硅密封材料的制备及应用

制备了一种单组分室温硫化表面可修饰性有机硅密封材料。在通用的酮肟型有机硅密封材料组分中,添加自制的含有氰基、仲胺基的硅烷改性剂,可明显改善油溶性醇酸漆和聚氨酯漆对有机硅密封材料的可涂覆性及储存稳定性。添加甲基丙烯酰丙基三甲氧基硅烷,同时在水溶性丙烯酸乳胶漆中添加适量的硅丙乳胶,可显著改善水性丙烯酸乳胶漆对有机硅密封材料的表面可修饰性。表面可修饰性有机硅密封材料可用作普通有机硅密封胶的底涂。     

Photocatalytic oxidation of alkyd paint films measured by FTIR analysis of UV generated carbon dioxide

FTIR assay of UV generated gaseous CO₂ has been used to monitor the photo-degradation of alkyd paint films in oxygen of controlled humidity. The three contributions to CO₂ evolution from such paint films are (a) a dark reaction associated with the drying process, (b) direct photochemical reaction, and (c) photocatalysis by the TiO₂ opacifier. As this paper is focused on the photocatalysis by TiO₂, the dark reaction has been minimized by accelerated drying of the paint films and the photocatalytic component has been emphasised by studying films pigmented with TiO₂ that has not been surface treated. This methodology allows the UV stability of alkyd paints to be monitored rapidly by an FTIR measurement of the UV-generated carbon dioxide. CO₂ evolution was greater for films made with high (35%) than for low (15%) TiO₂ pigment volume concentration (p.v.c.) paints. This behaviour, which parallels weight losses from similar films exposed in conventional accelerated weathering equipment, shows that photocatalysis by the TiO₂ is dominant. The CO₂ evolution rates from films opacified with different grades of rutile pigment correlate with weight loss measurements made from identical paints exposed to glass-filtered carbon arc irradiation in conventional accelerated weathering equipment. These two comparisons confirm the relevance, to conventional accelerated testing, of paint durability of the FTIR assay of carbon dioxide evolution from alkyd paints. Because the experimental procedure allows the ready interposition of suitable optical filters, the method is well suited to studies of e.g., incident wavelength & intensity. In addition, deliberate variations in the humidity of the atmosphere in the FTIR cell were monitored by using the i.r. absorption of water vapour. Not only did the observed rates of carbon dioxide evolution decrease with decreasing humidity, they extrapolated to zero at zero humidity. This is consistent with mechanisms, derived from studies of model systems, that identify hydroxyl radicals as the key catalytic intermediate in photocatalytic oxidation of TiO₂ pigmented paint.     

Mechanisms of DC conduction in smart PMN–PT/paint nanocomposite films

Understanding conduction mechanisms in dielectric films are critical to their successful applications in devices. DC conduction mechanisms in lead magnesium niobate–lead titanate (0.67Pb (Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃–0.33PbTiO₃)/Paint nanocomposite (PMN–PT/Paint) films are presented and discussed. The conventional cost-effective paint brushing technique was utilized to fabricate PMN–PT/paint nanocomposite films on copper substrate. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been recognized as one of the most powerful techniques for the analysis of surface morphologies because it creates 3D images at angstrom and nano scale. It has been exhaustively utilized in the analysis of dispersion of nano-metric components in nanocomposites and polymer blends. Thus, AFM analysis is applied in the present work for the surface morphological and dispersion of nanoparticles investigations in paint-based nanocomposites at different loading of PMN–PT nanoparticles. It is found that the PMN–PT nanoparticles are dispersed uniformly inside the paint matrix. The spatial distribution of PMN–PT in PMN–PT/Paint films is denser with higher PMN–PT content sample. A metal–insulator–metal capacitor was fabricated and the leakage current across was measured with varying voltage and temperature. The governing conduction mechanisms were examined and depicted. The activation energy of nanocomposite films fabricated with 2.5 and 8.98 wt% PMN–PT nanoparticles in the paint mixture are found to be 1.08 and 1.24 eV, respectively. The DC activation energy for former was found to be slightly lower then later and follow the Arrhenius relationship. Thus, showing the conduction was electronic and thermally activated.     

Gas tunnel type plasma spraying deposition and microstructure characterization of silicon carbide films for thermoelectric applications

Gas tunnel type plasma spraying deposition has been applied successfully to the deposition of the SiC films on stainless-steel substrates. The microstructure and the surface morphology of the SiC films were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The control of the processing parameters such as powder feeding rate, composition of plasma working gases, spraying distance, and carrier gas flow rate allowed the deposition of dense, uniform, continuous, and high purity crystalline SiC films. The thickness of the SiC films varied from 3 to 10 μm. EDS analysis confirmed the presence of SiO₂ in the deposited SiC films.     

纳米重晶石/环氧复合钢板涂层材料机械及耐腐蚀性能的研究

研究了纳米重晶石改性方法,以及纳米重晶石添加量对钢板涂层硬度、T弯、应变和耐盐雾等性能的影响,并通过扫描电镜观察了纳米重晶石/环氧复合涂层断面以及粒子在基体中的分散状况.研究表明,使用5%硬脂酸钠改性后的纳米重晶石活化指数最大,且具有良好的分散性;纳米重晶石添加量为1.0%时,涂层性能有较大的提高,T弯从4T改善到2T;耐盐雾时间也由720h增加到1096h,提高了20%以上.另外,从涂层断面观察发现,纳米重晶石添加量为1.0%时,颗粒较均匀地分散,粘接紧密,形成较为致密的复合涂层.     

溅射—阳极氧化法在釉面砖上制备多彩TiO_2膜

采用直流磁控溅射法先在釉面砖上镀制一层 Ti膜 ,然后采用阳极氧化法制备透明的 Ti O2 薄膜。根据光的干涉原理 ,控制 Ti O2 膜的厚度 ,制备了土黄、深兰、浅兰、金黄、粉红、紫红、绿色等十余种颜色的金属化装饰面砖     

Measurements of carbon dioxide evolution from alkyd paint films: Part I Oxidative scission during film ageing

A recently developed in situ FTIR method of monitoring CO₂ evolution during oxidation of paint films has been used to measure CO₂ produced by alkyd paints when enclosed in a high humidity oxygen atmosphere. Evolution of CO₂ from paint films in the dark was observed and was found to persist over long periods. It is likely that this is the result of -scission of fatty-acid side-chains which accompanies oxidative cure of alkyd films: it decreases as these processes go to completion. The rate of CO₂ evolution from aged films is reduced after the initial rate of cure has been accelerated by oven ageing or by increasing the concentration of catalytic driers. It has also been shown that resistance to photo-degradation increases as ageing of the films proceeds. Our results demonstrate that the sensitivity of CO₂ detection by FTIR provides a useful method for following film cure and ageing. The technique has wider potential, e.g. for the study of oxidation in food oils and cosmetic preparations.An erratum to this article can be found at