Impact of Harvesting and Processing Conditions on Green Leaf Volatile Development and Phenolics in Concord Grape Juice

ABSTRACT: The disruption of plant cell walls during fruit juice processing results in the enzymatic formation of herbaceous-smelling green leaf volatiles (GLVs). Our objective was to assess the impact of thermal processing conditions on resulting levels of GLVs (hexanal, trans-2-hexenal, hexanol, cis-3-hexenol, and trans-2-hexenol), total phenols, monomeric anthocyanins, and percent polymeric color in Concord grape juice. The effects of fruit maturity and stage of juice processing on juice GLV content was also assessed. Of the GLVs studied, only trans-2-hexenal routinely exceeded its published sensory threshold in finished juice. We observed an inverse linear correlation between berry maturity (total soluble solids) and trans-2-hexenal levels in finished juice (P < 0.05, R ²= 0.91). Trans-2-hexenal was at a maximum immediately following crushing (569 μg/kg, >30-fold over detection threshold [DT]), decreased to 100 μg/kg following depectinization, pressing, and pasteurization, and to 32 μg/kg following cold-stabilization. The loss of trans-2-hexenal could be explained primarily by its reduction to trans-2-hexenol, which increased from 53 μg/kg after crushing to 500 μg/kg after cold-stabilization. High temperature pretreatment of must immediately following crushing (“hot break”) resulted in 5- to 6-fold higher concentrations of trans-2-hexenal in the final bottled juice as compared to conventional hot press. Contrary to expectations, no significant increase in phenolics and anthocyanins were observed in hot break conditions. These results indicate that hot break procedures may thermally inactivate enzymes responsible for transforming trans-2-hexenal under normal processing conditions and potentially alter the flavor qualities of the finished Concord juice. Different equivalent pasteurization regimes (82 to 93 °C) prior to bottling had no significant effect on GLV content of the finished Concord juices (P > 0.05). Practical Application: Introducing new processing techniques to fruit juice production can potentially result in undesirable changes to organoleptic properties. We have observed significantly higher levels of trans-2-hexenal, a potent herbaceous off-flavor, in Concord grape juice prepared with an initial high temperature heat treatment (“hot break”). Concord juice producers should be cautious in using hot break processing, especially with immature fruit, as it may result in persistence of green aromas in juice.     

Volatile compounds from Chétoui olive oil and variations induced by growing area

Fruits from the same variety of Olea europaea L., grown under different environmental conditions in the north of Tunisia, were harvested at the same ripening degree and immediately processed. The volatile profile of virgin olive oils was established using solid phase, micro-extraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Compounds belonging mainly to the following chemical classes characterised the volatile profiles: esters, aldehydes, ketons, aliphatic alcohols and hydrocarbons. Significant differences in the proportions of volatile constituents from oils of different geographical origins were detected and the major volatile in approximately 50% of the oil samples was the aldehyde (E)-2-hexenal. The results suggest that, beside the genetic factor, environmental conditions influence the volatile formation.     

茉莉酸甲酯对鲜切甘薯伤害防御反应的研究

为了研究不同浓度茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)处理对鲜切甘薯伤害防御反应的影响,将甘薯切割成1cm×1cm×1cm的块状,在低浓度(15μmol/L)MeJA和高浓度(150μmol/L)MeJA下贮藏,每隔1d测定自由基清除系统工具酶(POD、CAT、APX、SOD)的活性、膜质过氧化程度、H2O2含量和多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性。实验结果表明,高浓度MeJA处理的鲜切甘薯可以显著提高CAT、APX、POD和PPO酶活性,抑制H2O2含量增加;SOD活性没有显著变化。高浓度MeJA处理可有效诱导防御反应发生,同时,通过提高自由基清除系统工具酶活性,使膜脂过氧化程度减轻;低浓度MeJA处理效果不显著。综合分析认为,150μmol/LMeJA是诱导鲜切甘薯防御反应产生的适宜处理浓度,作为一种新型诱变剂可以应用于鲜切果蔬的生产实践。     

吹扫捕集GC/MS法测定紫苏不同变种叶片中的挥发性成分

采用吹扫捕集技术对紫苏不同变种叶片中的挥发性成分进行富集,以气质联用仪(GC-MS)进行鉴定,运用面积归一化法确定各组分的相对含量。结果表明,分别属于紫苏属植物3 个变种的4 份试材之间叶片挥发油的组分和相对含量差异显著。4 份紫苏试材共检测出31 种挥发油成分,但其共有的成分仅有顺-3- 己烯醛、石竹烯和圣亚麻三烯3 种。野生紫苏变种的主要成分是柠檬烯(77.90%)、石竹烯(14.33%)、顺-3- 己烯醛(4.9%)、胡椒酮(1.71%),回回苏变种的主要成分是石竹烯(30.65 %)、柠檬烯(24.60%)、顺-3- 己烯醛(21.82%)、紫苏醛(17.70%),紫苏变种1(来源于河北安国市)的主要成分是5- 乙叉-1- 甲基- 环庚烯(52.79%)、顺-3- 己烯醛(19.98%)、石竹烯(13.60%)、紫苏醛(9.46%),紫苏变种2(来源于广西灵山县)的主要成分是紫苏醛(31.86%)、5- 乙叉-1- 甲基- 环庚烯(31.68%)、顺-3- 己烯醛(21.50%)、石竹烯(10.47%)。     

青砖茶的香气成分分析

采用感官审评法和顶空固相微萃取法结合气相色谱-质谱联用技术,对16个典型青砖茶样品挥发性成分进行分析鉴定。结果表明,青砖茶的香气以陈香纯正为优,有菌香和木香,分析鉴定出72种香气成分,相对含量较高的成分有己醛、芳樟醇、壬醛和甲苯,醛类和酮类为主导香气化合物;相关性分析显示(E,E)-2,4-庚二烯醛、(Z)-氧化芳樟醇、樟脑、1-甲基萘和长叶环烯与香气品质得分的相关性达到极显著水平(P0.01),(E)-2-己烯醛、1-甲氧基-4-甲基苯、(E)-2-壬烯醛、2,2,6-三甲基环己烷酮及脂肪醛中的烯醛占醛类的比例与香气品质得分的相关性达到显著水平(P0.05);主成分分析显示前6个主成分方差累计贡献率达到82.250%,主要代表性成分为β-环柠檬醛、β-紫罗酮、β-二氢紫罗酮、己醛、(E)-2-戊烯醛、(E)-2-己烯醛、庚醛、壬醛、癸醛、萘、1-甲基萘、柠檬烯和6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮等,它们是影响青砖茶香气品质的关键香气成分,可基本反映青砖茶的香气特征。     

Effects of sub-lethal concentrations of hexanal and 2-(E)-hexenal on membrane fatty acid composition and volatile compounds of Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enteritidis and Escherichia coli

In recent years, the interest in the possible use of natural alternatives to food additives to prevent bacterial and fungal growth has notably increased. Plants and plant products can represent a source of natural alternatives to improve the shelf-life and the safety of food. Some of these compounds, i.e. hexanal, hexanol, 2-(E)-hexenal and 3-(Z)-hexenol, produced throughout the lipoxygenase pathway have important roles in plant defence with a protective action towards microbial proliferation in wounded areas. Otherwise, hexanal and 2-(E)-hexenal have evidenced a marked antimicrobial activity against food spoilage and pathogenic microbial species both in model and real systems. The precise mechanisms of action of all these antimicrobial compounds are not yet clear. Because the usage of these compounds as antimicrobials in foods has to be supported by the comprehension of mechanisms of action of these compounds, the overall purpose of this work was to study the modifications of the cell membrane and volatile compounds of Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enteritidis and Escherichia coli during the growth in the presence of sub-lethal doses of these two aldehydes. The results obtained evidenced that the tested molecules induced noticeable modifications of the composition of cell membrane and the volatile compounds produced during the growth. Although specific differences in relation to the species considered were identified, 2-(E)-hexenal and hexanal induced a marked increase of some membrane associated fatty acids, both linear and branched fatty acids as well as unsaturated fatty acids, and released free fatty acids.     

Volatile generation in bell peppers during frozen storage and thawing using Selected Ion Flow Tube Mass Spectrometry (SIFT-MS)

To determine volatile formation during storage and thawing, whole, pureed, blanched, and raw green and red bell peppers (Capsicum annuum) were frozen quickly or slowly then stored at -18 °C for up to 7 mo, with and without SnCl(2) addition during thawing. Headspace analysis was performed by a Selected Ion Flow Tube Mass Spectrometer (SIFT-MS). After blanching, (Z)-3-hexenal had a large significant decrease in concentration since it is a heat labile compound while most other volatiles did not change in concentration. The freezing process increased volatile levels in the puree only. Slow freeze peppers had higher levels of some LOX generated volatiles during storage than quick freeze. During frozen storage of blanched samples (E)-2-hexenal, (Z and E)-hexen-1-ol, and (E)-2-pentenal increased likely because of nonenzymatic autoxidation of fatty acids while other volatiles remained constant. In Raw Whole peppers, (Z)-3-hexenal, hexanal, and 2-pentylfuran were generated during storage likely because the LOX enzyme is still active during frozen storage. However, blanched samples had higher concentrations of (E)-2-hexenal, (Z and E)-hexen-1-ol, 1-penten-3-one, and (E)-2-heptenal because of enzymatic destruction of these volatiles in the raw samples. The levels of many of the volatiles in the raw samples, including (Z)-3-hexenal, (E)-2-hexenal, (Z and E)-hexen-1-ol, hexanal, (E)-2-pentenal, and 2-pentylfuran, appeared to peak around 34 d after freezing. Pureed samples had significantly higher levels of volatiles than the whole samples, and volatiles peaked earlier. Green bell pepper volatile levels were always higher than red bell pepper. Significantly higher volatile formation occurred during thawing than it did during frozen storage. Practical Application: Studying and monitoring the headspace volatiles with a SIFT-MS can give information that will help manufacturers better understand how the volatiles in bell peppers change during frozen storage. This will give valuable information to processors on how to minimize volatile changes during storage of frozen peppers.     

外源MeJA诱导烟草叶面防御反应

以中烟100为材料,研究了茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)喷施后,烟草叶面腺毛密度类型、腺毛分泌物合成积累及叶片对蚜虫抗性的变化规律,探讨了烟草叶面腺毛的防御反应模式和作用机制。结果表明,MeJA处理后,烟草叶片对蚜虫的驱避作用明显增强,新生叶片叶面腺毛密度增加,尤其是长柄多细胞腺头腺毛密度的变化达到显著水平。GC/MS分析表明,MeJA处理使叶面分泌物含量增加,并在处理后第7天达到最大值。其中,西柏烷类二萜化合物含量增幅最大。但RT-PCR分析发现,西柏三烯一醇合成酶基因(CBT)、西柏三烯一醇羟化酶基因(CYP71D16)在转录水平上并没有明显变化,表明烟草叶面腺毛物质的合成和分泌可能具有复杂的转录后调控机制。     

机械损伤和茉莉酸甲酯对烟株蛋白酶抑制剂的诱导作用研究

为了进一步研究蛋白酶抑制剂对昆虫生长发育的影响,选取机械损伤和茉莉酸甲酯作为信号路径的激发子,研究了它们在不同条件下诱导烟株局部和系统性的胰蛋白酶抑制剂和胰凝乳蛋白酶抑制剂的表达。结果显示:机械损伤或茉莉酸甲酯处理后,烟株处理叶和系统叶中胰蛋白酶抑制剂和胰凝乳蛋白酶抑制剂含量都有不同程度升高;施用2.4mmol/L茉莉酸甲酯时两者的增加量最为显著;机械损伤能明显抑制2.4mmol/L茉莉酸甲酯的诱导作用,对1.2mmol/L茉莉酸甲酯具有协同作用。      

初榨橄榄油挥发性风味成分的鉴定

采用顶空固相微萃取-气质联用(HS-SPME-GC/MS)分离鉴定了陇南市武都初榨橄榄油和西班牙特级初榨橄榄油中的挥发性风味成分。结果表明,在7个不同品种油橄榄的国产初榨橄榄油中共鉴定出86种化合物,主要是C6的醛和醇,以及它们相应的酯,还有一些烯烃和萜烯类化合物。其中(E)-2-己烯醛相对质量分数为7.14%~46.22%;在6个西班牙特级初榨橄榄油中共鉴定出101种化合物,其中(E)-2-己烯醛质量分数(1.76%~5.25%)低于国产初榨橄榄油,而(Z)-乙酸-3己烯酯(7.53%~13.76%)和(E)-2-十二碳烯(5.47%~34.75%)相对质量分数较高。试验结果还表明,初榨橄榄油挥发性风味成分很大程度上取决于油橄榄品种和产地。     

Evaluation of Potent Odorants in Cucumbers (Cucumis sativus) and Muskmelons (Cucumis melo) by Aroma Extract Dilution Analysis

The volatile components of cucumbers and muskmelons were analyzed by a technique which reveals the odorants having the highest odor units (ratio of the concentration to the odor threshold). (E/Z)-2,6-Nonadienal, followed by (Z)-2-nonenal and (E)-2-nonenal were the most significant odorants of cucumbers. The flavor of muskmelons was more complex. Methyl 2-methylbutanoate, (Z)-3-hexenal, (E)-2-hexenal, and ethyl 2-methylpropanoate were identified as the primary odorants.     

Effect of enzyme activity and frozen storage on jalapeño pepper volatiles by selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry

Abstract: Samples of unblanched (fresh), stannous chloride-treated, or blanched jalapeño peppers were measured for real-time generation of lipoxygenase-derived volatiles during 10 min after tissue disruption. Volatiles were also measured before and after 1.5, 2.5, 3, 6, and 9 mo of frozen storage at −15 °C. The concentration of all lipoxygenase-derived compounds was significantly higher in unblanched jalapeño peppers compared to enzyme inhibited peppers. The maximum concentration of (Z)-3-hexenal, (E)-2-hexenal, and hexanal was detected at about 1.2, 1.5, and 1.5 min after tissue disruption, respectively. A decrease in (Z)-3-hexenal and an increase in dimethyl sulfide and methylbutanal occurred in blanched compared to stannous chloride-treated peppers due to heat. Frozen storage resulted in no major changes in the lipoxygenase-derived volatiles of whole and pureed blanched peppers after 9 mo. However, in whole unblanched peppers a gradual decrease of (Z)-3-hexenal, (E)-2-hexenal, hexanal, hexenol, and hexanol was observed over time; whereas in pureed unblanched peppers these compounds increased, reached maximum concentration, and then decreased. Similarly, the minor volatiles 2-pentenal, 1-penten-3-one, (E)-2-heptenal, (E)-2-octenal, and (E)-2-nonenal showed an initial increase followed by a decline in both whole and pureed unblanched peppers. Tissue disruption increased generation and degradation rates during frozen storage. The compounds (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal, n-propyl aldehyde, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine, and a mixture of terpenes decreased in unblanched and blanched frozen samples, while nonanal and methylbutanal increased only in unblanched samples. Practical Application: Data obtained in this study contribute to the understanding of the dynamics of lipoxygenase-derived volatile formation upon tissue disruption of jalapeño pepper. In addition, it contributes to generate knowledge on the effect of processing techniques, namely blanching and frozen storage, on the volatile profile of these peppers. This knowledge has applications in the manufacturing, product development, and quality control areas of the food industry as useful information to help in the designing and monitoring of processes aimed to obtain products with specific aroma characteristics. For instance, maximum levels of “fresh” and “green” aroma compounds are achieved rapidly during the first few minutes after pepper tissue is disrupted. The inhibition of enzyme activity shortly after this may help to maximize concentration of these aroma notes in the product. Frozen storage produces enzymatic and chemical changes in the volatile profile of unblanched peppers. The aroma profile of blanched peppers is more stable under frozen conditions, with a lower total volatile concentration.     

鲜黄芪和干黄芪挥发性化学成分比较分析

采用同时蒸馏-萃取法提取,用气相-色谱质谱联用法结合计算机谱图检索,对鲜黄芪和干黄芪挥发性化学成分进行分析鉴定。结果表明：鲜黄芪和干黄芪挥发性成分的得率分别为0.64%、0.43%,鲜黄芪和干黄芪共鉴定出挥发性成分76种;二者的共有成分为正己醇、(E)-2-己烯-1-醇、正己醛、己-2-烯醛等11个化合物;鲜黄芪中鉴定出43种挥发性成分,主成分是正己醇、邻二甲苯、(E)-2-己烯-1-醇、(E)-2-己烯醛、正己醛;干黄芪中鉴定出44种香气成分,主成分是正己醛、正己醇、己-2-烯醛。干黄芪挥发性成分与新鲜黄芪挥发性成分相比较组成和相对含量存在着较大差异。     

Comparison of Tomatillo and Tomato Volatile Compounds in the Headspace by Selected Ion Flow Tube Mass Spectrometry (SIFT-MS)

ABSTRACT: The concentration of 31 volatiles were measured in the headspace of tomatillos using selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS), and were compared with those in vine-ripened tomato, roma tomato, cherry tomato, and grape tomato. None of the volatiles were higher in the headspace of tomatillos than of tomatoes. Compounds (E)-2-octenal, (E)-2-pentenal, 2-isobutylthiazole, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, and phenylacetaldehyde were significantly lower in tomatillo than in the tomato varieties in the headspace. After blending, volatiles in the headspace increased, and then decreased after reaching a maximum concentration, due to further degradation or depletion. Compounds (E)-2-pentenal and 1-penten-3-one reached a maximum concentration later than (E)-2-hexenal, (Z)-3-hexenal, and hexanal for tomatillo and tomatoes. The slope of the ratio of (E)-2-hexenal and (Z)-3-hexenal was not significantly different for any of the samples, implying that the activity of cis/trans isomerase was not different between tomatillos and tomatoes.     

不同品种草莓的特征香气成分

以"宝交""大将军"和"红宝石"3个品种的草莓为试材,采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱质谱联用技术(GC-MS)和嗅闻技术(GC-O)、感官评价以及快速气相电子鼻对果实的香气成分进行分析。3个品种共检测到71种挥发性成分,"宝交""大将军"和"红宝石"分别有60,70和66种。酯类物质种类最多(21~26种),而醛类物质含量最多(51.37%~63.63%)。其中,丁酸甲酯、丁酸乙酯、乙醛、己酸甲酯、(E)-2-己烯醛、己酸乙酯、乙酸己酯、芳樟醇在3个样品中具有较高的含量及香气强度,为草莓的主要特征香气物质。经感官评价,"宝交"较强甜香气的来源可能是由于2-戊酮的存在;"大将军"青香和花香更强,青香可能由于它具有更高的己醛和反式-2-己烯醛含量,而花香可能来源于芳樟醇、橙花叔醇和β-紫罗兰酮。由快速气相电子鼻可以显示出3个品种草莓很好的区分度。     

Production of (2E)-hexenal by a hydroperoxide lyase from Amaranthus tricolor and salt-adding steam distillation for the separation

(2E)-Hexenal is widely used in flavors and perfumes; however, it is mainly derived from chemical synthesis. In this study, hydroperoxide lyase (HPL) naturally originated from Amaranthus tricolor was used to catalyze the reaction to generate (2E)-hexenal from 13-hydroperoxy-9Z, 11E, 15 Z-octadecatrienoic acid (13-HPOT), and salt-adding steam distillation was used for the separation of (2E)-hexenal. A maximum yield of (2E)-hexenal that reached 1,156.4?mg?L^?1 was obtained with a high substrate concentration (40?mM 13-HPOT) under the following conditions: 10?min, pH 7.5, 20?°C, HPL 16 U?mL^?1, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) 1?mM, and dithiothreitol (DTT) 15?mM. Then the separation of (2E)-hexenal was conducted by salt-adding steam distillation. It was found that AlCl₃ had the greatest effect on the separation of (2E)-hexenal, followed by CaCl₂ and NaCl. The distillate yield with the addition of AlCl₃ was 93.2?%, while the distillate yield without the addition of salt was 81.2?%. The distillate concentration with AlCl₃ was 6,464.2?mg?L^?1, while the distillate concentration without the addition of salt was 4,490.3?mg?L^?1. The addition of salt improved the efficiency of the steam distillation. This study was greatly meaningful for providing a green method to the large-scale production of (2E)-hexenal.     

Headspace composition of cod liver oil and its evolution in storage after opening. First evidence of the presence of toxic aldehydes

The headspaces of two samples of cod liver oil, when recently acquired, after five and after fifteen months from opening, were studied by solid phase microextraction, followed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Nearly one hundred compounds were found, some of them identified for the first time as cod liver oil components. In both samples, the presence of the toxic 4-hydroxy-(E)-2-hexenal and of 4-oxo-(E)-2-hexenal was detected, as well as that 4,5-epoxy-2-heptenal in one of the samples; this is the first time that these toxic compounds have been described as being present in cod liver oil. In the early oxidation stages, taking place during storage, the compounds formed are mainly of low molecular weight; some of these could be adopted as oxidation markers of cod liver oil. The possibilities of using the technique to evaluate the oxidation level of cod liver oil are shown. These results suggest the need to monitor the levels of toxic oxygenated α,β-unsaturated aldehydes in cod liver oil in order to ensure its safety.     

茉莉酸甲酯诱导烟草抗虫的有效浓度和持效期

为阐明茉莉酸甲酯（MeJA）诱导烟草抗虫机制,用50 μmol/L和150 μmol/L的MeJA乙醇水溶液喷洒烟苗,24 h和48 h后取叶片分别喂食棉铃虫和甜菜夜蛾,每隔6 h监测取食量及体重变化,同时通过Folin-Ciocalteu比色法检测烟叶总多酚含量变化,并利用组织化学染色法统计分泌蔗糖酯的腺毛数。结果显示:（1）对于棉铃虫,50 μmol/L和150 μmol/L的MeJA喷施烟苗24 h~48 h后,试虫取食量和体重增加量均显著低于对照,而对于甜菜夜蛾,仅150 μmol/L MeJA处理烟苗24 h后引起试虫取食量和体重增加量明显降低;（2）MeJA诱导烟叶总多酚含量增加,增加量与MeJA浓度呈正相关;（3）MeJA导致烟叶分泌蔗糖酯的腺毛密度降低,腺毛密度与MeJA浓度呈负相关。MeJA诱导烟草抗虫具有一定的持效期且抗虫效果受其浓度影响,而总多酚含量增加和代谢改变或许是烟草产生抗虫性的部分原因。      

热风干燥对荠菜风味和品质的影响

本文以荠菜为原料,研究不同热风干燥温度对荠菜风味和品质的影响。采用40、50、60、70、80和90℃干燥荠菜,利用顶空固相微萃取结合气相色谱-质谱联用技术分别对不同热风干燥温度的荠菜样品进行挥发性物质分析。结果表明:热风干燥过程中3-甲基-丁醇等醇类损失,特征醇如叶醇等含量大幅下降;生成了3-甲基丁醛等多种新醛,苯乙醛、β-环柠檬醛含量有所升高,正己醛等损失较大;荠菜的特征酮类化合物甲基壬基甲酮在干燥过程中消失;3-氨基-2,3-二氢苯甲酸等损失,3-甲基丁酸等产生;烃类化合物种类和含量均降低,2-乙基-3,5-二甲基吡嗪等具有清香和坚果香气的吡嗪类物质合成。与其他处理组相比,60℃干燥条件下荠菜干制品感官品质较好,叶绿素和VC的保留率较高,风味物质种类最多,风味物质保留率达81.65%。      

GC-O结合OAV鉴定陇南初榨橄榄油关键香气成分

选取甘肃陇南代表性品种莱星和鄂植8号初榨橄榄油及消费口碑良好的特级混合初榨橄榄油为研究对象,通过气相色谱-质谱（gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS）检测比较3 种初榨橄榄油的挥发性物质组成,同时采用气相色谱-嗅闻（gas chromatography-olfactometry,GC-O）技术筛选其香气活性物质,最后结合香气活性值（odor activity value,OAV）分析各呈香组成对橄榄油香气轮廓呈现的贡献性,从而鉴定出3 种橄榄油各自的关键香气成分。结果表明：采用GC-MS在莱星、特级混合及鄂植8号初榨橄榄油中各检测出35、30 种及25 种挥发性成分,其中己醇、3-己烯-1-醇、(E)-2-己烯-1-醇和(E)-2-己烯醛的含量丰富。采用GC-O在3 种初榨橄榄油中各筛选出13、15 种和12 种香气活性成分,包含具有青草特征的C6化合物、呈现油脂香气的庚醛和(E,E)-2,4-癸二烯醛以及表现其他气味信息的香气物质。OAV分析发现3 个样品各有12、13 种及11 种关键香气成分（OAV≥1）,以1-辛烯-3-醇、芳樟醇、(E)-2-己烯醛和(E,E)-2,4-癸二烯醛为代表的OAV较高,对初榨橄榄油呈香品质具有重要作用。本研究筛选出3 种初榨橄榄油的关键香气成分,结果可为提升初榨橄榄油风味品质提供理论基础。